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Biology E.O.C. Review Semester One (Part 2 of 2) Flashcards | StudBud
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Biology E.O.C. Review Semester One (Part 2 of 2)
Biology E.O.C. Review Semester One (Part 2 of 2)
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Biology EOC Semester Review (Part 2)
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1
A unifying explanation for a broad range of observations is a
hypothesis
controlled experiment
theory
prediction
2
Gametes are produced by the process of....
mitosis
crossing-over
replication
meiosis
3
Which is correct about a food web>
There are no arrows in a correct food web
The arrows alwaYS POINT FROM THE PREY TO THE PREDATOR
It does not matter which direction the food web arrows point
The arrows always point from THE PREDATOR TO THE PREY
4
What is the job of the white blood cells?
to fight infection
to carry oxygen
to clot blood
to remove carbon dioxide
5
A contagious virus spreads more easily because of which factor?
habitat destruction
biological magnification
density dependent factor
density independent factor
6
Which statement
best
describes what happens in an energy pyramid?
Decay occurs at all levels leaving less mass at high levels.
Organisms die at lower levels leaving less mass at top level
When organisms die their mass increase at lower levels.
Energy is lost to the environment at each level.
7
Three main types of symbiotic relationships...
biosphere, latitude, & biodiversity
producers, consumers, & decomplosers
mutualism, parasitism, & commensalism
herbivores, carnivores, & omnivores
8
How does diffusion differ from active transport>
It is only water.
It crosses a semipermeable membrane
Active needs ATP
Diffusion goes high to low
9
what is qualitative data
observational data
data collected duting an experiment
data collected after an experiment
data with numbers
10
Energy flows through the trophic levels of a food web. Which answer is true?
Flow of energy with producers at top & consumers at bottom
Energy flows from carnivores down to producers
Energy is fully transferred to each level.
10% of energy is transferred from 1 trophic level 2 another
11
Which of the following is a non-renewable resource?
topsoil
wind
coal
fresh water
12
Carrying capacity is...
genetic drift
pesticide resistance
# of individuals in species that an environment can support
biological succession
13
White blood cells....
carrying O2
fighting infections
carrying CO2
14
Carbon stored in the bodies of plants & animals that died millions of yrs. ago is released when
all of the above
when coal is burned
when natural gas is burned
when oil is burned
15
Which statement
best
describes what enzymes do.
They are used up while catalyzing reactions.
They become the building blocks of polymers.
They can adapt to different chemicals in the cell.
They influence the rate of chemical reactions,
16
What is the
BEST
evidence of an evolutionary relationship between two organisms?
similarity in niche
similarity in behavior
similarity in habitat
similarity in DNA
17
Protein monomers are...
polymers
carbohydrates
amino acids
lipids
18
What will most likely happen if an appropriate enzyme is added to a chemical reaction?
The equilibrium of the reaction will be maintained.
The reaction rate will decrease.
The reaction will stop>
The reaction rate will increase
19
Haploid gametes have...
homologous chromosomes
twice the number of chromosomes
one allele for each gene
two sets of chromosomes
20
What best explains why children have different traits than their parents?
Each offspring is derived from identical gametes.
DNA comes from either one parent or the other.
The time of conception is different for every offspring.
Alleles for those traits separate randomly during meiosis.
21
Greenhouse effect is ...
variable that is observed and changed according tothe plants
part of earth in which life exists including land, and water
captures energy from the sun and stores it in a greenhouse
certain gases trap sunlight in Earth's atmosphere as heat
22
Independent assortment is..
how chromosomes line up during metaphase
how chromosomes divide during meiosis
how chromosomes multiply
how chromosomes separate during anaphase
23
The main difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells is, prokarotic cells ___ a nucleus
Do have
Do not have
24
Technology is the application of
creativity to design a new physical law
hypothesis to design a new physical law
science to design a new product or process
research to make an observation
25
The failure of chromosomes to separate during meiosis is called
crossing over
nondisjunction
tetrads
incomplete dominance
26
Transpiration is part of the...
nitrogen cycle
water cycle
phosphorus cycle
carbon cycle
27
What will the offspring be if a tall plant (TT) is crossed with a short plant (tt)?
75% tall and 25% short.
All of the offspring will be tall.
All of the offspring will be short.
Half will be tall, half will be short.
28
An ecological pyramid is...
pyramid showing the different ecosystems
pyramid showing the growth of plants
illustration of the many different types of ecosystems
illustration of the amounts of energy in each trophic level
29
During photosynthesis, plants take in _____ and release _____ back into the environment.
oxygen, carbon dioxide
carbon dioxide, oxygen
carbon dioxide, nitrogen
oxygen, nitrogen
30
What do eukaryotic cells have that prokaryotic cells lack?
cytoplasm
genetic information
a plasma membrane
membrane-bound organelles
31
A Primary Producer is
an organism that obtains energy by eating animals
Largest producer of non energy materials
organisms that obtains energy by eating only plants
1st producer of energy rich compounds that R used by others
32
Amino acids are the building blocks for
proteins
lipids
fatty acids
peptide bonds
33
Which type of cell has a cell memebrane?
Eukaryote
Prokayote
Both
34
Which of these is not an abiotic factor?
air pressure
plants
temperature
sunlight
35
Variation in human skin color is an example of...
codominance
polygenic traits
incomplete dominance
multiple alleles
36
Ecological succession is..
ecosystem secedes to an overpowering ecosystem
ecosystem loses all species due to fire
ecosystems change over time as species move in & out
ecosystem never changes
37
A step in the passage of energy and matter through an ecosystem ...
food web
trophic level
food chain
pyramid of energy
38
Energy within an ecosystem flows from the producers 2 consumers. What role do decomposers do?
Change energy from Sun into useable energy forms
Consume the producers and provide energy from Sun into other
Make their own food & provide energy for others
Break down organic matter into nutrients for other organisms
39
Which of these can affect the rate of an enzyme mediated reaction?
All of these
temperature
Concentration of substrate
pH
40
Lawn fertilizer can interfere with the equilibrium of an ecosystem. Why?
They cannot be absorbed by roots.
They can cause mutations in all plants.
They can be carried into local water supplies.
They cause atmospheric pollution.
41
Organisms that have two identical alleles for a particular trait are said to be....
hybrid
dominant
heterozygous
homozygous
42
An autotroph is any organism that can produce its own food. Autotrophs are also called....
herbivores
consumers
producers
omnivores
43
Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic cells both have
Chloroplast
DNA
a Nucleus
Mitochondria
44
There will always be more ______ than ______ blank in a food web.
Consumers than producers
Predators than consumers
Decomposers than producers
Produces than consumers
45
biotic factor..
a living factor that shapes an ecosystem
a non-living factor that shapes an ecosystem
basic unit form of life
term that is used to refer to a species that has dies out
46
Adaptation, in biology, is when an individual organism makes a choice to change its behavior
False
True
47
A cell is not making proteins properly. Which organelle is most likely responsible.
Ribosomes
Smooth Endoplasmic reticulum
Cytoplasm
Centriole
48
What is formed at the end of meiosis?
2 genetically identical cells
4 genetically different cells
2 genetically different cells
4 genetically identical cells
49
Which of these can affect the rate of an enzyme mediated reaction>
pH
temperature
concentration of substrate
All of these answers.
50
A consumer is..
an organism that makes its own food
organism that relies on other organisms for food
factor that causes population growth
single species that exerts strong control on community
51
Quantitative
data with only words
data with just symbols
data with numbers
52
Mutations within a DNA sequence are
natural processes that produce genetic diversity
natural processes that always affect the phenotype
unnatural processes that always affect the phenotype
unnatural processes that are harmful to genetic diversity
53
What is Biology?
The scientific study of animals
The casual study of dead things
The scientific study of cells
The scientific study of all forms of life
54
Which of the following is MOST likely a negative impact of nuclear power plants?
Nuclear power plants produce radioactive waste.
Nuclear power plants result in increased biodiversity.
They create light pollution from radioactive substances.
They reduce dependence on foreign oil supplies.
55
Which of following correctly describes the distribution of energy among different trophic level
Amount of energy decreases as it moves up the trophic levels
Amount of energy increases as food web moves up
Amount of energy is highest at tertiary level.
Amount of energy is evenly distributed among the levels.
56
In a pond ecosystem, ducks, plants, and frogs would all be considered
biotic
important
consumers
abiotic
57
If a pea plants alleles for height are tt, what is true of its parents?
Both parents contributed a dominant allele.
Both parents were tall.
Both parents were short.
Both parents contributed a recessive allele.
58
Unlike mitosis, meiosis results in the formation of...
diploid cells
daughter cells exactly alike
2 daughter cells
haploid cells
59
True or False: Respiration takes place in ALL cells
True
False
60
Through the process of MEIOSIS, cells are made that are...
smaller than the original cell
larger and larger
identical
different
61
Which of the following is the correct chemical equation for photosynthesis?
6CO2 + C2H 12 O + light = 6h2O + 6O2
6CO2 + 6H2O= C6H12O6 + light energy + 6O2
6CO2 + 6H2O + light energy = C6H12O6 + 6O2
C6H12O6 + light energy = 6O26CO2 + 6H2O
62
If an organism's diploid number is 12, its haploid number is
6
12
24
3
63
The total variety of organisms in the biosphere is called
biodiversity
genetic diversity
species diversity
ecosystem diversity
64
Which statement best describes cellular respiration?
It converts energy in food into a more useable form
It uses carbon dioxide and produces oxygen.
It stores energy in food molecules.
It occurs in animal cells, but not in plant cells.
65
Which statement is true of both mitosis and meiosis?
DNA replication occurs before the division of the nucleus.
Both reduce the number of chromosomes in half.
Both are methods of asexual reproduction.
Both occur in reproductive cells.
66
Which of the following properties allows water to move from the roots to the leaves of a plant?
able to moderate temperature
expands as it freezes
shows adhesive and cohesive behavior
excellent solvent
67
Which of the following phrases best describes cancer.
Mutations in genes for cell cycle cause abnormal cell growth
Multiple gene mutations on a chromosome of DNA
Presence of genetic defects caused by hereditary disorders
Absence of cyclins in the DNA
68
Human males have...
two Y chromosomes
two X chromosomes
one X and one Y chromosome
one X chromosome only
69
Sex-linked traits can only be passed down from
The offspring
The mother
The father
The homozygous allele
70
Carbohydrates are made from what?
amino acids
glycerol
nucleotides
sugars
71
The series of steps in which a large fish eats a small fish that has eaten algae is...
biomass pyramid
pyramid of fish
food web
food chain
72
What is the main source of energy behind the water cycle?
rivers
sun
atmospherics gases
oceans
73
What could a person do to have a positive impact on an environmental system?
release exotic insects into a pine forest
increase the amount of exhaust fumes in the atmosphere
use pesticides to decrease a population of birds of prey
remove exotic species of plants from a swamp
74
Which BEST describes what happens when you eat an apple?
Some of the energy enters the environment as heat.
All energy in the apple is stored as energy in your body.
All of the energy is changed to body heat.
Most of the energy in the apple is used to digest the apple.
75
Cell memebranes are _____________________ permeable.
partially
not
selectively
completely
76
Which reaction has the reactants of glucose and oxygen?
Photosynthesis
Aerobic respiration
Fermentation
Meiosis
77
Major component of cell memebranes
Polyprophelene
cells
Cholestrol
Phospholipids
78
Red Blood cells shape is for
carrying O2
carrying CO2
fighting infections
79
Cell theory is one of the unifying themes of biology. Which would be part of the cell theory?
All life is made of cells
Cells come from preexisting cells
Cells are the smallest units of life
All Answers are correct
80
The fusion of an egg and a sperm allows for the opportunity of __________.
uniformity within the species
passing of primarily paternal characteristics
new genetic combinations within a species
change of planned characteristics
81
Which functions are controlled by the cell membrane?
enzyme production, large molecules, duplication of DNA
active transport, reading chemical messages, protection
release ATP, cell reproduction, food production
protein synthesis, respiration, digestion
82
Carbon is an important element for life and is found in ______....
all organisms
only large (organic) organisms
both large and small organisms
all small (inorganic) organism
83
Which cell has a cell memebrane
Animal cell
Plant cell
Both
84
Which of the following is most likely to cause an increase in anaerobic bacteria in a pond?
a decrease in the amount of O2 dissolved in the pond
a decrease in the temperature of the water in pond
a decrease in the number of aerobic bacteria in pond
a decrease in the amount of organic waste in pond
85
Which of the following is
most likely
to cause an ecosystem to become unstable?
Only consumers remain after a climatic change.
Two species of decomposers compete for dead organisms
A slight increase in producers & consumers
After rainfall, there are more producers than consumers.
86
Mendel's law of segregation says that 2 _____ for a trait separate during meiosis.
alleles
genotypes
phentypes
mutations
87
How many chromosomes are shown in a normal human karyotype?
46
23
44
2
