Which of the following chemical reactions produce the sun’s energy?

Hydrogen nuclei combine through nuclear fusion into helium

How does a cold front form?

Cold air advances, forcing warm air to rise.

How is biodiversity essential to the environment?

adds value & increases genetic material in the environmnet

How is solar energy essential to plants?

Solar energy is converted to chemical energy used by plants

How would several wells in given areas affect the balance of groundwater recharge & discharge?

Wells deplete the groundwater which is usually supplied

Why do planes fly in the stratosphere, the second-lowest layer of the atmosphere?

To avoid storms and other weather events

How is the balance of heat energy maintained in the oceans?

Heat energy cycles by currents b/w the equator&polar regions

When is the subsurface phase of the water cycle complete?

groundwater emerges in places where water table interacts

What is the primary reason for the existence of a wide range of biomes in western parts of NC?

the wide range of altitudes of the mountains

Why are the seasons in the Southern Hemisphere opposite to those in the Northern Hemisphere?

tilt of Earth’s axis&revolution around sun produces seasons

Which sequence of action is the best way to solve problems of wetland erosion?

add sediments, plantings, monitor plantings

Why should the farming industry adopt sustainable agriculture practices?

to reduce the environmental degradation and economic losses

Why does Earth experience precession?

plane of moon’s orbit tilts from Earth’s elliptical plane

How does the replacement of large land areas with concrete and asphalt affect the land?

It increases erosion of sediments by increasing runoff.

Why are wind, water, and gravity major agents of erosion rather than weathering?

erosion involves movement of earth materials

Which change would most likely occur as a result of rapid increases in the global population?

There would be a high demand for limited natural resources

Why does mining of coal and other natural resources often result in environmental pollution?

Mining creates waste material which can flow into streams

Which human activity would be most destructive to the biodiversity of the biosphere?

the removal of plants from the food webs they support

How does the subduction of crustal plates influence the rock cycle?

process of heating&melting rock layers form parent material

Which of the following is an example of climate?

the average temperature in Raleigh, NC over the past 30years

Why would citizens be advised to recycle plastic products?

the products are not biodegradable & would accumulate

How are hurricanes and tornadoes related to air masses?

they form where air masses meet

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Earth Science Final Review

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Earth and Environmental Science:Final Review

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Questions 30

Answers

1
Which of the following chemical reactions produce the sun’s energy?
Hydrogen nuclei combine through nuclear fusion into helium
Helium nuclei are combined by nuclear fusion.
O2 is present to cause combustion of solar fuel molecules
Helium and oxygen break down through nuclear fission.
2
How does a cold front form?
Warm and cold air masses meet and mix
Warm and cold air masses have no relative advancement
Cold air advances, forcing warm air to rise.
Warm air advances and replaces cold air
3
How is biodiversity essential to the environment?
⇩ the chances of some living surviving in face of big change
adds to value &reduces amount of genetic material in enviro.
decreases the stability of the ecosystem
adds value & increases genetic material in the environmnet
4
How is solar energy essential to plants?
Solar energy regulates consumption of oxygen by the plant
Solar energy is converted to chemical energy used by plants
Solar energy maintains internal temperature of the plants.
Solar energy signals the plants to release leaves in fall
5
The earth’s atmosphere is mainly composed of which three gases?
Argon, methane and oxygen
carbon dioxide, helium and nitrogen
argon, nitrogen and oxygen
helium, oxygen and radon
6
How would several wells in given areas affect the balance of groundwater recharge & discharge?
The wells would provide dissolved oxygen.
Wells deplete the groundwater which is usually supplied
Wells increase water table level by adding H2O from runoff
wells provide storage areas for groundwater to maintain H2O
7
Why do planes fly in the stratosphere, the second-lowest layer of the atmosphere?
to fly at supersonic speeds without air resistance
to receive better radio communication
To avoid storms and other weather events
to avoid changes in air pressure
8
In what type of soil would seepage of groundwater into streams occur the slowest?
gravel
fine sand
silt
fine clay
9
Which alternative energy technology could take advantage of landand sea breezes in coastal NC?
wind farms
nuclear fusion
biofuels production
solar energy panels
10
What is the major difference between weather and climate?
Air temperature
humidity
time
air pressure
11
How is the balance of heat energy maintained in the oceans?
The suns energy is equally distributed throughout the oceans
movement of waves transfers heat energy throughout oceans
Heat energy cycles by currents b/w the equator&polar regions
The tides transfer heat energy across the oceans
12
When is the subsurface phase of the water cycle complete?
when water infiltrates the ground after rain, sleet,snow
groundwater emerges in places where water table interacts
precipitation produces runoff into streams above the surface
when water remains in the ground as part of the water table
13
What is the primary reason for the existence of a wide range of biomes in western parts of NC?
the rivers and lakes in the mountain areas
they types of rocks that make up the mountains
the wide range of altitudes of the mountains
the wind and water erosion of the mountains
14
Why are the seasons in the Southern Hemisphere opposite to those in the Northern Hemisphere?
tilt of Earth’s axis&revolution around sun produces seasons
Earth precession affects amount of heat reflect from surface
Earth’s revolution changes Sun—Earth gravitational pull.
Earth’s rotation causes annual changes in surface temps
15
In NC, the barometric pressure is 29.9 inches and falling. What weather condition will happen?
conditions will slowly improve
clearing skies and cooler temperatures
an imminent storm
continued fair weather
16
Which sequence of action is the best way to solve problems of wetland erosion?
dredging, hard stabilization, plantings
dredging, sand bags, plantings
add sediments, plantings, monitor plantings
hard stabilization, sediment transport, pesticide treatment
17
Why should the farming industry adopt sustainable agriculture practices?
to increase the number of non-point sources of H2O pollution
to reduce the environmental degradation and economic losses
to increase the amount of erosion and deposition
to increase the use of irrigation systems
18
Why does Earth experience precession?
because the Earth revolves around the sun every 365 days
because of the movement of the circumpolar stars and Polaris
plane of moon’s orbit tilts from Earth’s elliptical plane
because the Earth is the third planet from the sun
19
How does the replacement of large land areas with concrete and asphalt affect the land?
It prevents the dynamics of the rock cycle.
It increases erosion of sediments by increasing runoff.
It increases the amount of groundwater in porous rock
It changes the bedrock of underlying layers of soil.
20
Which is more likely to prevent mass-movement events?
constructing buildings in stream drainage paths
paving roads next to sloping hills
clear-cutting trees from the side of a mountain
contour plowing of crop area
21
Why are wind, water, and gravity major agents of erosion rather than weathering?
erosion involves stationary processes that break down rock
weathering is limited to physical changes in earth materials
weathering is limited to chemical changes in earth materials
erosion involves movement of earth materials
22
Which change would most likely occur as a result of rapid increases in the global population?
price of labor to harvest raw food supplies would decrease
price of transporting food would cause lowered food prices
There would be a high demand for limited natural resources
global management of natural resources would stay the same
23
Where would the highest amounts of acid rain most likely be found?
In urban areas
over the ocean
in the forest
in the mountains
24
Why does mining of coal and other natural resources often result in environmental pollution?
Mining produces acid precipitation near streams.
Mining creates waste material which can flow into streams
Mining strips the surface of the land near streams
Mining pollutes the air near streams
25
When a sewer pipe breaks near a stream which would most likely occur?
increase in salinity
decrease in dissolved oxygen
decrease in dissolved nitrogen
increase in pesticides
26
Which human activity would be most destructive to the biodiversity of the biosphere?
the release of species of freshwater trout in lakes
the removal of erosion barriers from forest boundaries
the removal of plants from the food webs they support
the burning of wood and coal in rural areas
27
How does the subduction of crustal plates influence the rock cycle?
process of heating&melting rock layers form parent material
The parent material is provided for weathering and erosion
The processes of cementing&compaction form sedimentary rock
The intense heat and pressure forms metamorphic rock
28
Which of the following is an example of climate?
the relative humidity in Raleigh, NC
the average current temperature in a region
the average temperature in Raleigh, NC over the past 30years
the current temperature in Pinehurst, NC
29
Why would citizens be advised to recycle plastic products?
the products are not biodegradable & would accumulate
this would decrease the amount of green industry jobs
this would increase the consumption of petroleum products
the products can be made into inexpensive public art
30
How are hurricanes and tornadoes related to air masses?
they form where air temperatures are the same
They form within air masses
they form where air masses meet
they form where air pressure is the same

Earth Science Final Review Flashcards | StudBud