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Ch.10 Air Quality & Climate Change Flashcards | StudBud
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Ch.10 Air Quality & Climate Change
Ch.10 Air Quality & Climate Change
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1
Means and ways to reduce air pollution include...
Permitting and trading schemes
Positive incentives (tax credits, subsidies, grants)
Negative incentives (penalties, tax impacts)
Legislation, regulations and standards
2
Pollution that is produced in one area but falls in a different region is called...
Global climate change
Global warming
Inter-jurisidictional contamination
Transboundary pollution
3
Outdoor air pollution is caused by...
burning wood, crop waste, or garbage
factories and vehicles combusting fossil fuels
mobile or stationary sources
sandstorms, volcanic eruptions, or wildfires
4
Acid deposition is a secondary pollutant that results from fossil fuel burning impacts...
Increases the acidity of the oceans
The pH of soil and waterbodies, harming plants and animals that are exposed
Release of sulfuric or nitric acid + dry particles falling as acid rain
Acid snow, sleet, fog, even dry deposition.
5
Long-term patterns or trends of meteorological conditions is the definition of...
Climate change
Clouds
Climate
Global warming
6
The leading environmental causes of lung cancer are,
air pollution
exposure to secondhand smoke
carbon emissions
exposure to radon
7
Point source pollution refers to...
pollution from an identifiable smokestack or other outlet
pollution originating from a specific geographic coordinate
pollution from dispersed or mobile sources like vehicles and lawn mowers.
pollution of anthropengenic origin
8
The broader term
__
is more useful than
__
when we want to refer to all the alterations we are experiencing.
nature / environment
climate change / global warming
global warming / climate change
environment / nature
9
Alteration in the long-term patterns and statistical averages of meteorological events is global climate change.
True
False
10
___ accounts for three-fourths of all greenhouse gas emissions; ___ is the second most prevalent GHG.
Methane, CFCs
HFCs, CFCs
Nitrous oxide, carbon dioxide
Carbon dioxide, methane
11
More than __% of climate scientists agree that the climate is changing in response to human activities
76%
50%
97%
10%
12
Close to half a billion people living with air pollution suffer from...
Asthma
Climate impacts
Cardiovascular disease
Cancer
13
Particles or droplets small enough to remain aloft in the air for long periods of time are called particulate matter.
True
False
14
Water vapor, carbon dioxide (CO2), methane, and nitrous oxide are key to...
Absorb infrared radiation, releasing that energy warming the atmosphere
Cooling the planet
keeping Earth habitable for humans and all current species on the planet.
Enhancing the green house effect, when added in excess.
15
People in developed nations may find that their greatest exposure to unhealthy air comes from indoor sources such as:
paint, cleaners VOCs
radon gas
furniture, carpeting & dust
cigarette smoke
16
Predictable variations in Earth’s position in space relative to the Sun that affect the planet's climate...
Historically played a role in climate variation
Triggered global cooling events
Were not influential on the Earth's historical climate variation
Affected the Earth's orbit and/or axial tilt, impacting climate
17
The warming of the planet that results when heat is trapped by Earth’s atmosphere is called the forcing effect.
True
False
18
Molecules in the atmosphere that absorb heat and reradiate it back to Earth are called...
Greenhouse gases
Particulate matter
CFCs
Ozone
19
The meteorological conditions in a given place on a given day is the definiton of...
Environment
Weather
Climate
Global warming
20
People forced to flee their homelands because of global warming & changes to the environment are called climate refugees
True
False
21
Ground-level ozone pollution and stratospheric ozone depletion are caused by the same issues.
False
True
22
Any material added to the atmosphere that harms living organisms, affects the climate, or impacts structures defines...
Methane Emissions
Carbon Dioxide Emissions
Air Pollution
Chemical Particulate Matter
23
In 2018, the WHO estimated that _ million people die prematurely each year from exposure to air pollution.
7
70
1
150
24
When primary air pollutants react with one another or with other chemicals in the air, this is called smog.
True
False
25
In aquatic environments, lower pH can interfere with...
coral reefs
hatching success of fish and amphibian eggs
water temperatures
food chains
26
Trying to reduce future warming is called ____ and steps to deal with inevitable warming is called ___.
Sustainability / resilience
Mitigation / adaptation
Adaptation / mitigation
Resilience / adaptation
27
Climate change may play a ___ role in natural disasters, making it a ___ multiplier (e.g conflict, migration, resources)
Subtraction & positive
Direct & threat
Unnatural & asset
Indirect & risk
28
Access to a clean, healthy environment is a basic human right is commonly referred to as...
Ecological justice
Social justice
Legal justice
Environmental justice
29
Sulfur/nitrogen emissions from burning fuels reacts with oxygen and water to form sulfuric or nitric acids, creating...
Renewable energy
Carbon dioxide emissions
Coal
Acid precipitation
30
The ability of a surface to reflect away solar radiation is called...
The albedo effect
The reflector effect
The radiative effect
The dome effect
31
The Arctic jet stream sending cold air farther south for longer periods of time proves climate change is not real.
False
True
32
Some of the impacts of a warming climate include:
ice sheets are melting
sea levels are on the rise
global temperatures rising
flooding, drought and erosion