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Sociology Final Review
Sociology Final Review
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1
___ is using drugs in a way that harms one's health, impair physical or mental functioning or interfere with social life
Binging
Drug abuse
Drug addiction
Withdrawal
2
Which age group is least likely to be murdered?
30-40
60 and up
20-25
17-18
3
Mrs. Elliot gives one star to every student who plays nicely with their peers. Her actions are in line with _________
containment theory
Subculture theory
anomie
operant conditioning
4
Cocaine is a
narcotic
hallucinogen
depressant
Stimulant
5
The ____ rapist has an unrealistic image of masculinity and uses rape to bridge the gap
acquaintance
Walter Mitty
sadist
opportunist
6
_________ asserts that definitions of appropriate sexual behavior will always be in flux.
The conflict perspective
The symbolic interactionist perspective
The conflict perspective
The conflict perspective
7
A _____ is a substance that people take to change their thinking, consciousness, emotions, bodily functions, or behavior
amphetamine
drug
opiate
stimulant
8
A drug's social reputation is dependent on
all of the above
status
change
acceptance
9
The sociological imagination is also called ___________
Scientific Sociology
Reinforcement Theory
Historical and Biographical Analysis
The Sociological Perspective
10
Sociologists look for causes of violence _______________
within the individual
outside the individual
by looking at the individual's personality
in religious teachings
11
The common ingredient in morphine and heroin is the
ephedrine
hydrochloric acid
coca leaf
opium poppy
12
Alcohol helps people to feel more sociable. This reflects alcohol's __________
function
illegality
dysfunction
deficit disorder
13
Sociologist Charles Cooley gave us the theory of
Socialism is preferable to capitalism
Looking glass self
Social construction of reality
Generalized others
14
If two people get into a fight, that is ____________
anomie
a personal problem
individual violence
group violence
15
_______________ suggest that the benefits of discrimination must outweigh its costs.
Functionalists
Symbolic Interactionists
Secessionists
Conflict theorists
16
When members of a football team found out that the QB was homosexual, they assaulted him. This is an example of a _____
justifiable battery
civil crime
domestic violence crime
hate crime
17
Elderly become a political force when they were organized into a collective group by which of the following individual?
Karl Marx
Franklin Roosevelt
Dr. Tyler Smith
Dr. Francis Townsend
18
Learning a behavior by interacting with others and that association influencing your behavior best describes
Peer pressure
Learning theories
Differential association theory
Subculture theory
19
__________ emphasize that justice is not always fairly administered because the law is controlled by the ruling class.
Symbolic interactionists
Conflict theorists
Differential theoriests
Functionalists
20
When Nick considers how his race, age, marital status, and income compare to that of others, he is considering his _____
Personal troubles
Social problems
Social location
Common sense
21
The sociologist responsible for "symbols are so important that we cannot have a social life without them"
George Mead
Karl Marx
Charles Cooley
Emile Durkheim
22
According to Marvin Harris, why is male dominance universal?
It's based on two universal conditions
Women's brains are less advanced than men's
Men have always been in charge
The glass ceiling will never be broken
23
May wants to learn more about battered women who live in shelters with their kids. She makes observations at a shelter
survey
experiment
field study
case studies
24
Lucy encourages her students to consider how laws, education, religion, & media influence how people think, feel, & act
common sense
their sociological imagination
reinforcement theory
historical and biographical analysis
25
What are the unintended consequences of people's actions that disrupt a system's equilibrium?
Symbols
Latent dysfunctions
Latent functions
Manifest functions
26
Who suggested that when societies parts perform, then society is "normal." when parts fail, society is "abnormal."
Auguste Comte
Herbert Spencer
Karl Marx
Emile Durkheim
27
The Neo-Nazis seek to replace the current social order with a new one. The Neo-Nazis are ________________
retreatists
rebels
ritualists
conformists
28
What is the renting of one's body for sexual purposes called?
Prostitution
Pedophilia
Masochism
Sadism
29
Women's earnings are typically ____________
7% more than what men earn
50% of what men earn
72% of what men earn
equal to what men earn
30
The statement that "a husband's wage is more vital than his wife's" is an example of _______
Patriarchy
male superiority in society
Conflict theory
Sexual division of labor
31
Susan B. Anthony traveled around the US giving on women's rights. As an advocate for woman's right to vote, she was ____
a misogynist
against patriarchy
a suffragist
matriarchal
32
Ted pressured Jenny to have sex with him. He says that she gave her consent, she says that she was intoxicated. This is
forcible rape
legal rape
statutory rape
criminal sexual penetration without force
33
The systematic and objective study of human society is known as _____________________
sociological imagination
case study
sociology
research methodology
34
How many stages are there in the natural history of social problems?
Three
Five
Two
Four
35
According to the _______, poor people have different values than the middle class, and this is why they act as they do.
control theory
containment theory
culture of poverty
social structure of poverty
36
In the United States, prostitution ______________
is illegal in every state except Hawaii
is illegal in every state but parts of Nevada
is illegal in every state
is illegal in every state except California
37
__________________ examine how we are socialized into prejudice and discrimination.
Secessionists
Conflict theorists
Symbolic Interactionists
Functionalists
38
Which term is used to denote a society dominated by men?
Liberalism
Patriarchy
Matriarchy
Male privilege
39
Drug dealing, prostitution, gambling, and other activities that are woven into the texture of life in urban slums
criminal enterprise
illegitimate opportunity structure
Sarbanes-Oxley Act
illegitimate opportunity structure
40
The National Commission on Obscenity and Pornography concluded that pornography ________________
stimulates the religiously active more than the religiously inactive
should be outlawed
stimulates the old more than the young
stimulates the college-educated more than the less educated
41
Connie believes that a fetus is a human being. Connie is ______________
a proabortionist
Value free
generalized
an antiabortionist
42
Rapes are more likely to occur in ______________
fall
winter
spring
summer
43
A pedophile _______________
All of These
keeps images of children engaging in sex acts
prefers sex with children
has contact with others of like interest
44
Sam is making more today than she did 10 yrs ago. After adjusting for inflation, Sam's income is equal to her old income
progressive taxation
residual poverty
real income
relative poverty
45
Merton's strain theory: Which of 4 ways to overcome strain fits best for crime and criminality is _______________
ritualism
innovation
rebellion
retreatism
46
Subculture theory was introduced by ___________
Marvin Wolfgang
Robert Merton
Edwin Sutherland
Emile Durkheim
47
Sarah enjoys having pain inflicted on her. She is a________
prostitute
sadist
masochist
interactionist
48
According to statistics, the rate of violence over the past 10 years has been
increasing
decreasing
staying the same
fluctuating up and down
49
____________ defines the attitudes and behaviors expected of boys and girls.
Sexual harassment
Homosexuality
Gender roles
Sex-typed
50
Joann is a 31 yr old high school teacher. Brian is Joann's 14 yr old student. Joanne and Brian engage in sex. This is
legal rape
forcible rape
statutory rape
soldier rape
51
________ suggest that men cultivate images of female inferiority to justify their greater privilege
Symbolic interactionists
Conflict theorists
Suffragists
Functionalists
52
From the ___________ perspective, poverty is relative
symbolic interactionist
feminist
functionalist
conflict
53
Brad saw his father hit his mother on numerous occasions. Brad is now married, he hits his wife in the same way, this is
reinforcement
patriarchy
anomie
modeling
54
Who developed the concept of the sociological imagination?
C. Wright Mills
Karl Marx
Emile Durkheim
Max Weber
55
The concept of the social construction of reality means
making sense of the world around you
Symbolism is significantly important
We need to understand our reflected image to others
Understanding your place in the world
56
Membership in a minority group is ______________
achieved
involuntary
voluntary
earned
57
_____________ consider crime a natural part of a healthy society.
Psychologists
Functionalist
Symbolic interactionists
Conflict theorists
58
The number of violence crimes for each 100,000 Americans is called the ________________
organization of violence
crime rate
rate of violence
anomie
59
What kind of prostitute is hired by businesses for their best-paying clients as a perk?
Escort services
Parking lot lizards
Massage parlors
Corporate prostitution
60
Determining which behavior is criminal is a __________
political process
diversion
self-fulfilling prophecy
value
61
The unequal distribution of wealth, income, power, and poverty is called ________
structural inequality
the national debt
mass poverty
social inequality
62
_____________ refers to the exploitation of a minority group's labor
Population transfer
Pluralism
Assimilation
Internal colonialism
63
The econ. system in US is set up, so a small group of people controls the means of production. This is an example of ___
Communism
Capitalism
Socialism
Ecofeminism
64
Bri works in a cashier's office. She steals money & thinks that she deserves the money because she hasn't gotten a raise
organized crime
criminal enterprise
technique of neutralization
self-fulfilling prophecy
65
Social policy addressing the problem of drug/alcohol abuse would include __________
drug education
rehabilition programs like AA and NA
all of the above
a "get-tough" approach
66
The younger a juvenile is when first charged with a violent crime, the ______________
less likely it is that they'll be charged with subsequent violent crimes
more likely it is that they will be charged with subsequent violent crimes
no effect on their likelihood to be charged with subsequent violent crimes
the less likely it is that he or she will drop out of school
67
The percentage of former prisoners who are rearrested is called the _________________
recidivism rate
crime rate
restitution rate
retribution rate
68
The unequal distribution of a society's resources based on race-ethnicity is called _________________
ethnocentrism
perpetuity
racial-ethnic stratification
internal colonialism
69
Liz believes that prostitution a way that men exploit and degrade women. Liz's views are in line with ___________
feminists
ecologists
symbolic interactionists
functionalists
70
Durkheim stressed that society needs __________
reserve labor force
civil disobedience
split labor force
division of labor
71
The most famous hallucinogen is ________
cocaine
peyote
mescaline
LSD
72
Carl believes that men are innately superior to women. This is an example of __________
misogyny
sexism
machismo
male superiority
73
Who introduced the idea of manifest and latent functions?
Robert Merton
Herbert Spencer
Karl Marx
Emile Durkheim
74
What is one of the reasons that society might be considered "dysfunctional" when applying theories to aging?
People are living too long because of medicine
Social security is fraught with red tape
Nursing homes are caring for the aging instead of families
All of these could be considered dysfunctional
75
Magazines like "Lolli tots" and "Moppets" are examples of
Child pornography
Bad spelling
Violations of the law
Children's clothing
76
Income adjusted for inflation is called ___________
real income
progressive taxation
relative poverty
economic colonialism
77
Samuel qualifies for welfare benefits. As such, he is experiencing _______________
relative poverty
residual poverty
official poverty
biological poverty
78
__________________ requires offenders to compensate their victims for harm created. This is a form of retribution.
Restitution
Diversion
Deterrence
Rehabilitation
79
The frustration-aggression theory of violence is ___________
a sociological explanation
a biological explanation
a psychological explanation
a debunked theory
80
In the case of California v. Miller, the courts
determined that what is pornographic is in the eye of the beholder
all of the above
restricted sexual images to certain designated areas
tried to determine the meaning of "redeeming social value"
81
In Webster v. Reproductive Services, the Supreme Court ruled that ______________
individual states have no obligation to finance abortion
picketers must remain 300 ft away from the entrances to abortion clinics
women should have the right to vote for or against abortions
a woman under the age of 18must have parental consent for an abortion
82
The favorite drugs of college students is alcohol. The concern over alcohol usage by students is
binge drinking
drunk driving
mixing chemicals
violence after getting drunk
83
What theory would believe that social problems are the natural and inevitable outcome of social struggle?
Symbolic interactionism theory
Conflict theory
Feminism theory
Functionalism theory
84
Monica believes that a fetus has the potential to become a human being. Monica is ______________
Value neutral
generalized
Pro choice
Pro life
85
Which prostitutes frequent truck stops, moving from one truck to another in search of clients?
Street walkers
Stag party workers
Parking lot lizards
Bar girls
86
An example of the change in social acceptance of drugs is
All of the above
the temperance movement changed the meaning of alcohol
Opium could be purchased legally & advertised as a cure for many problems
Cocaine was available in many forms, including Coca Cola
87
Bob’s dad tells him to avoid renting a woman's body for sexual purposes when out of the country. He instructed to avoid
Temple prostitution
Sex tourism
Corporate prostitution
Dating the locals
88
Conflict theory was developed to explain events that occurred during _____________
World War I
The Baby Boom
The French Revolution
the Industrial Revolution
89
Some of the "problems" with _____________ is failure to eat & sleep, paranoia, teeth rotting, and aggression/violence.
Heroin
Methamphetamines
Barbiturates
Cocaine
90
A number of people worry about conditions of public schools. Such unease illustrates ___ associated with social problems
Subjective concerns
Value neutrality
Moral decay
Objective conditions
91
Sam wants to shoplift, but when he thinks about the reaction of his family, he stops himself. He's experiencing ________
conscience
strain
inner control systems
outer control systems
92
The systematic murder of newborn baby girls is called ___________
sexism preference
misogyny
female infanticide
gender elimination
93
John can only achieve sexual gratification by inflicting pain on others. He is a _____
prostitute
functionalist
sadist
masochist
94
__________________ argues that social inequality comes from a basic struggle over limited resources.
Symbolic interactionism
Conflict theory
Feminism
Functionalism
95
Jane quit smoking, but she still has an occasional desire for a smoke immediately after sex. Jane is experiencing______
withdrawal
psychological dependence
amotivational syndrome
a binge
96
According to Cooley, which of the following determines self-esteem?
Generalized others
Labeling
Looking glass self
Taking the role of others
97
Who is the "founder of sociology?"
Karl Marx
Herbert Spencer
August Comte
Emile Durkheim
98
The tendency to marry within one's group is called ____________
incest
perpetuity
endogamy
exogamy
99
What did industrialism accomplish?
It created a growing elderly population
It improved the status of the elderly
Transformed the elderly from productive & respected to deprived & disgraced
It offered more jobs to older workers than to younger workers
100
According to the __, the poor act as they do because, unlike middle-class people, they don't have the same opportunities
culture of poverty
social structure of poverty
containment theory
control theory
101
A social policy to help the poor is a Per Child Tax Credit, which is also known as ________
negative income tax
progressive taxation
a positive income level
residual income credit
102
Some associate name brand clothing with being cool/admired. What theory would be most interested in the symbols attached
Conflict theory
Symbolic interactionism theory
Feminist theory
Functionalism theory
103
One of the key efforts of the pro-abortionists is to ____________________
eliminate the antiabortionists
show that the fetus is a human being
mandate abortions
protect Roe v. Wade
104
Irene drank alcohol while she was pregnant. Her newborn baby is addicted to alcohol. The baby is experiencing ________
fetal narcotic syndrome
fetal alcohol syndrome
amotivational syndrome
attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder
105
A casting director says that she's perfect for the part. Only if she sleeps with him & perform sex acts that he requests
violation of the glass ceiling
Quid Pro Quo
situational sexual behavior
workplace violence
106
When a person has conflicting emotions regarding the decision to become a prostitute, this is called _________________
role ambivalence
symbiosis
drift
professionalization
107
What theory suggests that nursing homes were developed to replace home care?
Functionalism theory
Symbolic interactionism theory
Ecofeminism
Conflict theory
108
Sam believes that you must provide more jobs to reduce crime; opportunities to be successful without breaking the law.
containment theory
differential association theory
differential association theory
strain theory
109
What are the aspects of society that can be measured or experienced?
Social conditions
Objective conditions
Personal problems
Subjective concerns
110
Focusing on how the relationships we share with family, friends, and co-workers shape our lives
Close social context
Narrow social context
Intimate social context
Broad social context
111
The theorists that believe that class exploitation underlies the violent tendencies of some social classes are
capitalists
functionalists
conflict theorists
symbolic interactionists
112
The research on the "saints and the roughnecks" is an example of
labeling
conflict theory
criminal enterprise
illegitimate opportunity structure
113
When examining social problems, sociologists use
Conflict theory
Symbolic interactionism theory
All three theories
Functionalism theory
114
The ____________ perspective suggests that poverty contributes to the well-being of society.
conflict
symbolic interactionist
feminist
functionalist
115
What term refers to the ideas common to our society or to some group within our society?
Power
Personal issues
Common sense
Values
116
Betty is homeless. She doesn't have food, clothing, or shelter needed to make it through a cold winter. She is in ______
biological poverty
official poverty
relative poverty
residual poverty
117
What is the ability to get one's way despite resistance called?
Social problem
Subjective concern
Values
Power