AP Biology Unit 5-Classification

Question 1

What do the branch points on a phylogenetic tree represent?

Accepted Answer

Most recent common ancestor

Question 2

A high degree of similarity in nucleotide sequence between two organisms indicates what?

Accepted Answer

A recent common ancestor

Question 3

Chemicals secreted from bacteria that make their host inadvertently sick are:

Accepted Answer

Exotoxins

Question 4

Both the exoskeletons of insects and fungi contain:

Accepted Answer

Chitin

Question 5

What is the primary ecological role of prokaryotes?

Accepted Answer

Decomposition

Question 6

Which kingdom includes slime molds, algae, and paramecium?

Accepted Answer

Protista

Question 7

All viruses consist of:

Accepted Answer

A nucleic acid and a protein coat

Question 8

Members of which kingdom have cells walls made of cellulose?

Accepted Answer

Plantae

Question 9

A sex pilus is used to transfer plasmids between bacteria in a process called:

Accepted Answer

Bacterial conjugation

Question 10

Which cycle is characterized by a large number of phages being released at a time?

Accepted Answer

Lytic

Question 11

A viral particle budding off its host cell, taking with it some of its host's cell membrane is:

Accepted Answer

Shedding

Question 12

The microbiome living in an appendix (before recent findings) was once considered an example of

Accepted Answer

Commensalism

Question 13

What is unique to the lysogenic cycle of viruses?

Accepted Answer

Incorporation

Question 14

Nitrogen-fixing bacteria living within the rhizomes of legumes is an example of

Accepted Answer

Mutualism

Question 15

What is the primary role of a mushroom's underground mycelium?

Accepted Answer

Absorbing nutrients

Question 16

Which obtain their energy and carbon from consuming organic compounds?

Accepted Answer

Chemoheterotrophs

Question 17

The correct sequence, from the most to least comprehensive, of the taxonomic levels listed is:

Accepted Answer

Kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species

Question 18

If Species A is removed from a mutualistic symbiotic relationship, what happens to Species B?

Accepted Answer

It is harmed

Question 19

Genetic variation can be introduced into bacteria by all of the following EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

Meiosis

Question 20

Which kingdom was replaced with two domains?

Accepted Answer

Monera

Question 21

Nucleotide sequences are shown, with their % of similarity to humans. Most recent ancestor?

Accepted Answer

Chimpanzee

Question 22

Which would be the best predictor of true evolutionary relationships among two species?

Accepted Answer

DNA sequence

Question 23

Which organisms prefer oxygen, but can function without oxygen?

Accepted Answer

Facultative aerobes

Question 24

Members of which kingdom undergo absorptive nutrition?

Accepted Answer

Fungi

Question 25

The more homologous two species are, the ______ they are related.

Accepted Answer

More

Question 26

The ____ the DNA divergence, the ____ organisms are related.

Accepted Answer

Greater; less

Question 27

Viruses that are made of RNA and act as a template for DNA synthesis are:

Accepted Answer

Retroviruses

Question 28

Why is the overuse of antibiotics detrimental to humans?

Accepted Answer

Overuse can lead to antibiotic resistance

Question 29

Members of which group have cell walls made of chitin?

Accepted Answer

Fungi

Question 30

A symbiotic relationship in which BOTH species benefit is called

Accepted Answer

Mutualism

Question 31

Which obtain their energy mainly through light, but must consume their carbon?

Accepted Answer

Photoheterotrophs

Question 32

A patient in infected with a Gram-negative bacteria. What should their doctor do?

Accepted Answer

Kill the infection slowly, so endotoxin release is slowed

Question 33

Lipopolysaccharides released when Gram-negative bacteria die are:

Accepted Answer

Endotoxins

Question 34

Bacterial cells with a high concentration of lipopolysaccharide in their cell walls are:

Accepted Answer

Gram-negative

Question 35

Which uses light energy to synthesize organic compounds from CO2?

Accepted Answer

Photoautotrophs

Question 36

Bacteriophage DNA that has become integrated into the host cell chromosome is called

Accepted Answer

A prophage

Question 37

If a parasite is removed from the environment with its host, what happens to the PARASITE?

Accepted Answer

It dies

Question 38

A newly emerging viruses that causes a high mortality in its host will:

Accepted Answer

Die out quickly or mutate to be less lethal

Question 39

Members of which domain have cell walls made of peptidoglycan and no nucleus?

Accepted Answer

Bacteria

Question 40

Which type of protists are described as "animal-like"?

Accepted Answer

Protozoans

Question 41

Which obtain energy through inorganic substances?

Accepted Answer

Chemoautotrophs

Question 42

A virus transferring a gene from one bacteria to another is called:

Accepted Answer

Transduction

Question 43

A small circle of DNA found outside the main chromosome is called:

Accepted Answer

A plasmid

Question 44

Members of which kingdom have cell walls and are all heterotrophic?

Accepted Answer

Fungi

Question 45

Which organisms are poisoned by oxygen?

Accepted Answer

Obligate anaerobes

Question 46

Members of which domain tend to be extremophiles?

Accepted Answer

Archaea

Question 47

Bacterial cells with a high concentration of peptidoglycan in their cell walls are:

Accepted Answer

Gram-positive

Question 48

A symbiotic relationship in which one species benefits and the other is harmed is called

Accepted Answer

Parasitism

Question 49

Viral shedding occurs only in:

Accepted Answer

Animals

Question 50

Members of which kingdom do not have a cell wall, but have nerve and muscle tissue?

Accepted Answer

Animalia

Question 51

Which enzyme creates DNA using an RNA template?

Accepted Answer

Reverse transcriptase

Question 52

If a parasite is removed from the environment with its host, what happens to the HOST?

Accepted Answer

It flourishes

Question 53

What are misfolded brain proteins that can cause other proteins to misfold as well?

Accepted Answer

Prions

Question 54

Why do archaea tend to live in extreme environments?

Accepted Answer

Limited competition

Question 55

A tapeworm living inside a human is an example of

Accepted Answer

Parasitism

Question 56

Which two species share the most recent common ancestor?

Accepted Answer

Turtle and salamander

Question 57

Which of the following would provide the most specific information about an organism?

Accepted Answer

Its genus

Question 58

Which organisms cannot survive without oxygen?

Accepted Answer

Obligate aerobes

Question 59

A structure that allows a bacteria to germinate after exposure to harsh conditions is:

Accepted Answer

An endospore

Question 60

The primary source of genetic variation in prokaryotes is:

Accepted Answer

Mutation

AP Biology Unit 5-Classification

Questions 60

AP Biology Unit 5-Classification

Questions 60