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Theories of Growth and Development Review - UM Flashcards | StudBud
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Theories of Growth and Development Review - UM
Theories of Growth and Development Review - UM
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General review questions.
Flashcards
50 cards
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Questions
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Answers
1
A researcher could not share results from an IQ test, as this is affects which ethical standard
informed consent
debriefing
protection from harm
confidentiality
2
What connects the two hemispheres of the brain so that they may communicate and work together?
occipital lobe
brain stem
Corpus callosum
cerebellum
3
Faith wants to know whether there is a cause-effect relationship between two variables
Experimental
Longitudinal
Cross-sectional
Naturalistic observation
4
The universality-context-specificity issue is concerned with whether
we pass through abrupt stages or develop in small steps
we all participate in our developmental outcomes or not.
we all follow the same or different developmental paths
environmental factors are influential in development
5
During the embryonic period, neural tube defects may occur, potentially resulting in all except
meningitis
miscarriage
ancephaly
spina bifida
6
Skills that involve precise movements of the hands and fingers or feet and toes are known as
modified motor skills
gross motor skills
fine motor skills
all of the above
7
Which of the folowing is not a general characteristic of female menopause?
Experiencing hot flashes
Change in sexual interests
Levels of estrogen decrease
All of the above are true
8
What principle of growth focuses on growth occuring in a head-to-tail direction?
upwards-downwards growth principle
cephalocaudal principle
orthogenic principle
proximodistal principle
9
A specific prediction about what will hold true if we observe a phenomenon is called a .
theory
correlation
hypothesis
fact
10
Which drug raises the risk of SIDS by restricting blood flow to the fetus?
thalidomide
tobacco
alcohol
cocaine
11
Which of the following is the only contraindication of breastfeeding?
Having the Common Cold or Flu
Food Poisoning
Obesity
Human Immunodeficiency Disease (HIV)
12
Which of the following environmental factors contribute to the obesity epidemic?
sugar, fat content and portion sizes.
inactive lifestyles, sugar and portion sizes.
all of the above
poverty and stress.
13
Neurons in which lobe of the brain are the last to be myelinated?
Temporal lobe
Frontal lobe
Occipital lobe
Parietal lobe
14
The scientific method supports the belief that ____ should determine the merits of an idea.
systematic observation
intuition
debated
logic
15
The 4th stage of Freud's Psychosexual Theory (6-12yrs) states that the child's libido is _____.
Quiet and tame
Focused on the anus
Focused on the mouth
Focused on the genitals
16
The genetic material of a mom's ovum and a dad's sperm unite, creating a new cell called a
gamete
juvenile cell
zygote
embryo
17
The basic premise of operant conditioning is that the consequences following a behavior
do not necessarily increase learning
should not be considered important
impacts the likelihood of the behavior being repeated
shows learning occurs over a series of stages
18
Erikson’s theory is different from Freud’s because it
places greater emphasis on biological influences
focuses on possibilities for growth beyond adolescence
involves the resolution of crises
describes development in terms of stages
19
Neural tube defects occur by 26days after conception & are more common when mom is deficient in
folate
hormones
Vitamin A
Potassium
20
Color blindness and hemophilia are examples of
sex-linked inheritance.
chromosomal abnormalities
polygenic inheritance
dominant inheritance
21
Fetal period- there is intense cell growth with multiplication of neurons at a staggering rate.
Evisceration
Differentiation
Migration
Proliferation
22
Skills that involve large muscles and whole-body or limb movements are considered to be
large motor skills
gross motor skills
advanced motor skills
fine motor skills
23
The odds of having a child with Down syndrome increase with maternal
age
weight
exposure to mercury
consumption of alcohol
24
The purpose of the Human Genome Project was to
map the sequence of strands of DNA in human chromosomes
determine how many different bases human DNA contained
verify the existence of dominant genes
identify the “double helix” shape of DNA
25
Which of the following health issues are LEAST common in older adults (65+)?
Osteoporosis
Hypertension
Arthritis
Infections
26
During this process, cells change into a particular type based on where they land after moving
Differentiation
Proliferation
Degeneration
Migration
27
During the _____ stage of development, individuals lack the ability to use symbols.
preoperational
sensorimotor
formal operations
concrete operations
28
Freud emphasized the importance of _____ in determining behavior.
unconscious motivation
observational learning
negative reinforcement
preoperational thought
29
The major goal behind random sampling is to ensure that the
sample is representative of the population
population is large
project will not be costly
data is falsifiable
30
Most develop. researchers use this method because it is unethical to manipulate people's lives.
Physiological Method
Correlational Method
experiemental method
Scientific Method
31
Which of the following statements regarding the age of viability is true?
about 23 weeks, the fetus reaches the age of viability
At 40 weeks the fetus reaches the age of viability
At about 12 weeks, the fetus reaches the age of viability.
At about 8 weeks, the fetus reaches the age of viability.
32
This is often considered the master gland of the body.
Parathyroid
Thyroid gland
Pituitary gland
Adrenal glands
33
Unlike autosomal cells, sperm and ova undergo ________ which results in ___ cells.
Mitosis, 46
Mitosis, 23
Meiosis, 46
Meiosis, 23
34
The type of learning Watson and Pavlov’s studied is referred to as _____ conditioning.
instrumental
social
classical
operant
35
In which stage of cognitive development are children able to utilize abstract thinking?
Industry vs. Inferiority
Sensorimotor
Formal Operational
Genital Stage
36
When divided into two main categories, theories of aging may either be considered as
definite or indefinite.
established or pre-determined.
programmed or random error.
normal or abnormal.
37
J failed his exam & has a sudden urge to throw a tantrum. He thinks its too childish. Who am I?
superego
id
ego
operant conditioning
38
Which is the most non-biased form of data collection?
Interview/Verbal Report
Self Report
Physiological Measurements
Naturalistic Obeservation
39
If a child > 6 months is exhibiting primitive Babinski relfex, this can indicate a ___ problem.
a. sensorimotor
cognitive
neurological
developmental
40
At birth, newborns visual acuity is how many times worse than an adults?
40 times worse
3 times worse
75 times
100 times worse
41
Which term is best defined as an infant’s tendency to respond in predictable ways?
Crossing over
Temperament
Codominance
Genotype
42
Which of these styles describe the process of learning that occurs through associated stimuli?
classical conditioning
operant conditioning
physical learning
observational learning
43
Which of these does NOT describe the 3 broad domains explored by developmental psychologists?
Physical development
Interpersonal development
Psychosocial development
Cognitive development
44
The key difference between a true experiment and a quasiexperiment is that in quasiexperiments,
individuals are not randomly assigned to different treatment
research is conducted in the “real world” not in the lab
no statistical analysis is conducted
there is always a control group.
45
Most people agree that 6yr-olds are too young to date but are old enough to go to school.
growth norms.
age norms.
age stratification.
the young-old principle.
46
A treatment for infertility which involves injecting sperm into a woman's uterus.
Invitro Implantation
Artificial insemination
Artificial Implantation
InVitro Fertilization
47
Ian thinks his behavior driven by biological and environmental factors he can't control
discontinuity
activity
passivity
continuity
48
Who has the set of chromosomes found in a typical male?
(XX) Ronald
(XY) Dustin
(YY) Larry
(XXY) Frank
49
The genetic endowment that most members of a particular species have in common is called a (an)
phenotype
eugenics
the collective unconscious
species heredity
50
The historical trend in industrialized societies toward earlier maturation &greater body size,
is considered "time lapse".
is considered the "secular trend".
is considered "time trend".
is considered the "chronological trend".