Anatomy- Milady Chapter 2

Neurons are cells that transmit:

The___ nerve supplies impulses to knee; muscles of the calf; skin of the leg; & the sole, heel, and under the toes

The abductor digiti minimi separates the:

The bones of the leg include the __________

The spinal cord originates in the brain, extends down to the lower extremity of the trunk, and is protected by

The femur is described as:

The________ , aka the wrist, is a flexible joint composed of a group of 8 irregular bones held together by ligaments.

The muscle of the chest that assists in breathing and in raising the arm is the:

The ___________system forms the physical foundation of the body.

____________ is the study of the structure and composition of tissue.

____________is a chemical process through which the cells are nourished and carry out their activities.

The muscle of the chest that assists the swinging movements of the arm is the:

This system includes the kidneys and the bladder:

The central nervous system controls:

This tissues contracts and moves various parts of the body:

The bones of the palm of the hand are referred to as the _________

The foot is made up of _________bones.

The patella, also called the _________bone, forms the cap of the knee joint.

The muscles of the wrist, involved in bending the wrist, are known as the:

This system includes the adrenal gland, pituitary gland, and pancreas:

How many bones are in an adult human body?

The autonomic nervous system controls the

__ is the phase of metabolism when larger, complex molecules are broken down in cells to create smaller molecules

_________ is the study of the structures of the human body and the substances these structures are made of.

The _______is/are responsible for the flight-or-flight response.

The peripheral nervous system carries impulses, or messages, to and from the:

Lymph is a clear fluid that circulates throughout the body and helps to carry______ away from the cells.

Digestive enzymes are ____that change certain kinds of food into a form that can be used by the body.

The _______nerve supplies the fingers.

The spleen and lymph are the organs that make up the lymphatic system and their function is to:

The entire process of digesting food normally takes about how many hours?

The heart is enclosed by a double-layered membranous sac known as the ______

The ___________ bends the foot up and extends the toes.

Which of the following is NOT a primary function of the skeletal system?

The ankle joint is made up of three bones; the tibia, the talus, and the _________.

Pulmonary circulation is responsible for:

Cells are responsible for ____________

contain cuplike valves-prevent backflow & carry blood with waste products from capillaries back to the heart and lungs

___ are branches of nerve fibers extending from nerve cell-carry impulses to the cell & get impulses from other neurons

The longer bone of the forearm is the ___________

The __________is attached to the lower rear surface of the heel and pulls the foot down

The muscles that straighten the wrist, hand, and fingers to form a straight line are known as the:

The brain sends & gets messages from______ pairs of cranial nerves-originate in brain & reach parts of head, face & neck

Nail technicians should have a thorough understanding of anatomy and physiology so they can:

The nucleus of the cell plays an important part in cell:

The ____gland regulates blood calcium and phosphorus levels so that the nervous and muscular systems can function prop

_______are thick-walled, flexible tubes that carry oxygenated blood away from the heart to the capillaries.

The radial nerve supplies the thumb side of the arm and the _________.

Mitosis is the process through which the cell divides into two identical cells, called_________ cells

The phalanges are the bones of the:

Sensory nerves carry impulses or messages from _______ the to the brain

Mitochondria work to keep the cell:

The muscle that covers the back of the neck and upper and middle region of the back is the:

E.g. of this tissue are the skin, mucous membranes, tissue inside mouth, lining of heart, digestive & respiratory organs

Deoxyribonucleic acid is what determines our __________

The reproductive system includes which of the following organs?

Which of the following organs does NOT play a role in the digestive system?

This fibrous tissue binds together, protects, and supports the various parts of the body

A joint is a connection between__________ of the skeleton.

________are responsible for movement

The shorter of the two bones of the forearm is the _____________

Blood performs the following critical function

The heart weighs approximately

The _________covers the outer side of the calf and inverts the foot and turns it outward.

The blood vascular system consists of the:

This system includes the esophagus, stomach, gall bladder, liver, and small and large intestines:

This system affects the growth and development, sexual activities, and normal regulatory processes of the body:

Which of the following is the endocrine system responsible for?

The function of white blood cells is to

The largest organ of the body is part of this body system:

The____ nerve extends down the leg, just under the skin, supplying impulses to the muscles and the skin of the leg.

The saphenous nerve supplies impulses to the skin of the inner side of the _______.

The respiratory system enables this organ to enable breathing:

The muscle producing the contour of the front and inner side of the upper arm is the:

The uppermost and largest bone of the arm, extending from the elbow to the shoulder is the ________

This tissue carries messages through the central nervous system to control and coordinate all bodily functions

What does the ulnar nerve affect?

The ______nerves are smaller and supply the arm and hands.

lymphatic/immune system is responsible for taking waste from the body by the __ whose filtering helps to fight infection

The ____is/are responsible for secreting enzyme-producing cells that aid in digesting carbohydrates, proteins, and fats.

The large muscle that covers the entire back of the upper arm and extends the forearm is the:

Red blood cells contain

Voluntary muscles are _________.

The ulnar artery supplies blood to the:

The muscles that separate the fingers are the:

The flexor digitorum brevis moves lesser toes and helps:

The large, flat triangular muscle covering the lower back is the:

The anterior tibial artery supplies blood to the:

____is constructive metabolism b/c it is the process of combining small molecules to build larger, complex molecules.

____________ is the study of the functions and activities performed by the body’s structures.

The axon and axon terminal send impulses_____ the cell body to other neurons, glands, or muscles

The cell membrane encloses the_______ and permits soluble substances to enter and leave.

Protoplasm,a colorless_____, found inside cells in which proteins, fats, carbs, mineral salts, and water, are present.

The circulatory system includes the blood vessels and the:

The _____gland affects almost every physiologic process of the body.

___nerve extends behind the knee to go around the head of fibula to the front of the leg, it divides into two branches.

The______ gland plays a major role in sexual development, sleep, and metabolism.

The digestive system is also called the system.

The nervous system includes which organs?

The nerve goes down the front of the leg, behind the muscles. Supplies impulses to these muscles