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102 Chemistry/Electricity Flashcards | StudBud
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102 Chemistry/Electricity
102 Chemistry/Electricity
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Answers
1
A substance that is able to dissolve another substance is called a(n):
solvent
powder
ointment
emulsion
2
Which of the following is NOT an example of a physical change?
performing a thermal style
performing a haircut
iron changing to rust
shattering a piece of glass
3
EMS is an alternating current used chiefly during scalp and facial massage to cause:
the transfer of heat
muscle contractions
pore cleansing
chemical effects
4
What is created when amino acids join together in chains?
compounds
elements
proteins
chemicals
5
The primary ingredient of most shampoos is:
minerals
dimethicones
conditioner
deionized water
6
An example of an oil-in-water emulsion is:
perm solution
lipstick
blush
styling lotion
7
What is the side bond that is of the greatest concern to the salon professional?
salt bond
disulfide bond
hydrogen bond
van der Waals forces
8
Water freezing and becoming ice is an example of what type of change?
chemical
elemental
molecular
physical
9
If the client is holding the active electrode while the professional manually works the area, what method is used?
direct application
broad electrification
indirect application
general electrification
10
Which of the following devices breaks the flow of current when an overload occurs?
insulator
conductor
circuit breaker
grounding wire
11
When two hydrogen atoms combine with one oxygen atom, the result is a water molecule, which is a(n):
atom
element
mixture
compound
12
Why is chlorine sometimes added to water?
make it blue
kill bacteria
add minerals
add lather
13
In what pH range is skin and hair?
4.5 to 5.5
7.5 to 10.5
11.5 to 12.0
6.5 to 7.0
14
What is formed when two or more immiscible substances are united with the help of a binder?
ointment
emulsion
solution
powder
15
A shampoo type generally recommended for clients who are bedridden and cannot wet their hair is known as:
soapless shampoo
non-aerosol powder dry shampoo
anti-dandruff
conditioning shampoo
16
When performing an electrotherapy procedure, what is used to bring the current from the appliance to the client’s skin?
electrode
resistor
watt
wall plate
17
A volt is a unit of electric:
strength
pressure
frequency
resistance
18
A solution that has more positive hydrogen ions than negative hydroxide ions is:
neutral
alkaline
acidic
slightly alkaline
19
Dropping an electrical appliance into water, making it a foreign conductor, causes a(n):
closed circuit
short circuit
open circuit
overload
20
Which of the following characteristics identifies a pH-balanced shampoo?
has a higher alkalinity in order to remove chlorine, minerals
contains ingredients to treat scalp and hair problems or disorders
able to return the hair to 4.5 to 5.5 on the pH scale
able to return the hair to a neutral 7 on the pH scale
21
Since silver and copper transmit electricity, they are called:
closed circuits
electrons
conductors
insulators
22
The application of a specific electric current or equipment for corrective/therapeutic benefits on the skin is called
light therapy
electrotherapy
chemical therapy
mechanical therapy
23
what does the UL designation mean?
its free from defects
it uses less power
the appliance is certified
the warenty is doubled
24
Materials that do not allow a current to pass through them are called:
open circuits
insulators
conductors
closed circuits
25
An alternating current that can be adjusted to different voltages to produce heat is:
microcurrent
high-frequency
galvanic
EMS
26
All matter that is now living or was alive at one time, with carbon present, falls within the scientific division of:
anatomy
inorganic chemistry
physics
organic chemistry
27
When using galvanic current, what precaution must a salon professional take in order to prevent injury to the client?
do not use over an area with many broken capillaries
do not allow the client to hold the inactive electrode
do not apply the active electrode to the client’s skin
do not wrap electrodes in moist cotton
28
You and your client should wear protective eyewear when you are using:
incandescent light
UV light
LED light
fluorescent light
29
The scientific study of matter and the physical and chemical changes of matter is known as___
chemistry
anatomy
physics
psychology
30
Mixtures of fats and oils converted to fatty acids by heat and then purified, fall under which classification?
ointments
suspensions
soaps
powders
31
Treatment with light rays or waves is called:
combination cataphoresis
phoresis
light therapy
mechanical effect
32
Which electrotherapy treatment can cause sebum to be broken down as in deep-pore cleansing?
iontophoresis
phoresis
cataphoresis
desincrustation
33
Select the longest wavelength from the following list:
ultraviolet rays
visible light
x-rays
infrared rays
34
Bacteria that cause skin infections can be killed by:
fluorescent light
incandescent light
ultraviolet light
infrared light
35
Killowatt=
500 watts
10 watts
100 watts
1000 watts
36
Which of the following cosmetic classifications represents a mixture of two or more kinds of molecules, evenly dispersed
suspension
emulsion
ointment
solution
37
Basic substances that cannot be broken down into simpler substances are called:
compounds
solids
molecules
elements
38
Two or more of the same atoms joined together by a chemical bond is a(n):
molecule
neutron
electron
protein
39
Small doses of ultraviolet light may help the body produce:
vitamin B
vitamin A
vitamin C
vitamin D
40
What should you not do in case of an electrical fire
Use a fire extinguisher
Smother it with a rug
Throw water on it
Turn off the circuit
41
Atoms that are the same form a(n):
element
mixture
emulsion
compound
42
In the process of making a cup of instant hot cocoa, what would the dry cocoa represent?
a dilute solution
a concentrated solution
solute
solvent
43
A measure of how much electrical energy is being used
I'm a what?
watt
volt
amp
44
The direct current used in electrotherapy treatments is:
high-frequency
galvanic
EMS
microcurrent
45
When a solution can't take or dissolve more of the solute than it already holds at a given temperature
saturated
solvent
dilute
concentrated
46
All of the following statements regarding pH are true EXCEPT:
7 indicates a neutral substance
measurement whether a substance is acidic, neutral or alkaline
values below 7 indicate more acidity
values below 7 indicate more alkalinity
47
Mixtures of two or more kinds of molecules, having a tendency to separate one left standing (shake me)
solution
ointment
emulsions
suspention
48
The minimum distance an infrared lamp must be placed from the client’s face during a facial is:
24"
10"
30"
18"
49
Mixtures of organic substances and a medicinal agent are:
ointments
solutions
emulsions
suspensions
50
Light, heat, chemical and magnetic changes are all produced by:
electricity
a short circuit
conductors
force
51
Carbon, nitrogen, oxygen and hydrogen form the basis of:
amino acids
mixtures
elements
compounds
52
Distilled water with a pH of 7 is considered:
an alkali
a salt
an acid
neutral
53
Which of the following materials does NOT allow a current to pass through it?
metal
alcohol
water
carbon
54
Matter with a definite weight and volume but no definite shape is called
solid
a gas
organic
a liquid
55
Which of the following types of light has the shortest wavelength
violet
infrared
ultraviolet
red
56
The instructions on a product state to shake well before use, which indicates the product is a(n):
emulsion
suspension
ointment
solution
57
Filtration is the name given to purify water by passing it through a porous substance
False
True
58
Which of the following statements describes how human hair is formed?
salt bonds connect to amino acids
amino acids cause a simple physical change
hydrogen bonds create a chemical change
bonding of protein chains to other protein chains
59
If water contains certain salts of calcium, magnesium and other metals that prevent shampoo from lathering, it is
distilled water
pure water
filtered water
hard water
60
What temporary effect will a negative pole produce when applying galvanic current during an electrotherapy treatment?
contraction of blood vessels
increase in blood flow
expansion of nerve tissues
production of an acid reaction
61
Which of the following statements about surfactants is NOT true?
contains a lipophilic part
prevents shampoo from lathering
contains a hydrophilic part
used to remove oil from the hair
62
The closed path electrons travel on is called a closed circuit
False
True
63
Which conditioner will penetrate into the damaged hair shaft and deposit proteins into the cortex?
body-building conditioner
normalizing conditioner
instant conditioner
moisturizing conditioner
64
The bonds found within hair that help organize protein chains in order to build hair are called:
side bonds
van der Waals forces
ionic bonds
water bonds
65
A current in which electrons move at an even rate and flow in only one direction is called:
EMS
direct
microcurrent
alternating current
66
atoms are made up of electrons, protons, and a nucleus
False
True
67
Protons have a negative charge
False
True
68
Substances of acidic or alkaline nature dissolve in water and/or contain:
salt
water
hydrogen
carbon
69
The term used to identify anything that occupies space and has weight is called:
organic
matter
a gas
a solid
70
Which bonds found in the hair can be easily broken by heat or water?
hydrogen bonds
van der Waals forces
disulfide bonds
peptide bonds
71
A pH of 5 is how many more times acidic than a pH of 6?
1000
10
100
1.5
72
Which of the following is NOT a temporary effect of the positive pole of galvanic current?
softens tissues
soothes nerves
produces an acidic reaction
slows blood flow by contracting the vessels
73
Which of the following descriptions is a benefit of using infrared light during a facial?
helps control dandruff
kills bacteria
produces vitamin D
increases circulation
74
The oil-loving part of a surface active agent is called:
surfactant
hydrophilic
emulsifier
lipophilic
75
The electrode that is negatively charged during an electrotherapy treatment is known as a(n):
grounding wire
anode
cathode
insulator
76
What is the name given to purifying water by passing it through a porous substance?
hydrophilic
sedimentation
emulsion
filtration
77
Hair consists of 97%:
protons
electrons
trace minerals
keratin
78
Which shampoo contains temporary color molecules that adhere to the outer cuticle of the hair and deposit color?
color shampoo
all-purpose shampoo
acid-balanced shampoo
soapless shampoo
79
Cleaning the hair and scalp and removing all foreign matter without adversely affecting either the scalp or hair is:
conditioning
rinsing
shampooing
relaxing
80
Before using ultraviolet light on a client, the skin or scalp should be:
moisturized
oily
cleansed
wet
81
Using a conditioner would help achieve all of the following results EXCEPT:
fortify damaged areas
protect against further damage
increase new hair growth
alter the way the hair behaves
82
wet, healthy hair should stretch 60% of its length
False
True
83
a pH less than 7 indicates
a chemical
acidity
neutral solutions
alkalinity
84
Which of the following actions will produce a mild, stimulating sensation while using high-frequency current?
slightly separating the electrode from the skin
wetting the area to be treated
wrapping the electrode in three towels
keeping the electrode in direct contact with the area being treated
85
An ampere is a unit of electric:
pressure
resistance
strength
frequency
86
why is this bad?
can lead to a short circuit
shortens the life of the tool
breaks the conductors in the wire
looks messy
87
When you apply the electrode directly to the client when using high-frequency current, which method is being used?
indirect application
general electrification
mechanical method
direct application