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AP World History Modern Unit 3 and Unit 4 Review Flashcards | StudBud
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AP World History Modern Unit 3 and Unit 4 Review
AP World History Modern Unit 3 and Unit 4 Review
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APWH Modern
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1
For the Ottomans, "Devshirme" was a system that
Killed people as sacrifices to their gods.
Forced all people in their empire to become Muslim.
Abolished slavery within the empire.
Took Christian children as tributes for the army or civil servants.
2
Which region(s) supplied the most
COTTON, SPICES, & SILK
to the world market circa 1450-1750 C.E.?
South & Southeast Asia
The Caribbean & Brazil
Andean South America
West and Central Africa
3
All of the following were parts of Martin Luther's arguments against the Catholic Church
EXCEPT
He argued that all Catholic customs should be questioned.
He argued the Bible should be translated to local languages.
He argued against the sale of indulgences.
He argued that doing good works was more important than faith.
4
Which is an accurate definition of the Columbian Exchange?
The tribute relations that existed between Indian Ocean trading nations.
The agreement between Columbus & Spain to explore a route to India.
The exchange of new plants, animals, & diseases between hemispheres.
The deal made between Portugal and Spain to divide world in half.
5
The first voyages of BOTH Spain and England to the Americas were motivated MOST by a
desire to find a new route to trade with Asia for luxury products.
missionary impulse to spread either Catholic or Protestant Christianity.
need to find new fishing grounds to feed growing populations.
competitive urge to establish settler colonies.
6
China's process of charging European merchants in silver coins
would be an example of how land-based empires_____.
Developed military professionals.
Created Tribute collection systems
Generated Revenue through trade
Recruited bureaucratic elites
7
Our Lady of Guadalupe (1746)
MOSTLY
reflects a syncretic blending of
Protestant and Catholic Christianity
Christianity and Islam
Native American and African cultures
Catholic Christianity and Native American culture
8
What's the
MOST
likely reason this painting was commissioned (paid for) by Ottoman Sultan Suleiman the Magnificent?
To glorify Turkish values & rulership of the Sultan.
To explain Islamic science & technology.
To export to Europe as a luxury product.
To glorify Sunni Islam.
9
"Port factories" for foreign merchants in Tokugawa Japan
would be an example of how land-based empires_____.
Created Tribute collection systems
Recruited bureaucratic elites
Developed military professionals.
Generated Revenue through trade
10
Located in Agra, India. It is a "MAUSOLEUM". Shah Jahan ordered it built for the tomb of his favorite wife Mumtaz.
Ottoman Empire
Safavid Empire
Mughal Empire
Ming to Qing Empire
11
South Asia. Sunni Muslims ruling over a majority Hindu population. Were religiously tolerant until Emperor Aurangzeb.
D) Ottoman Empire
C) Safavid Empire
A) Qing Empire
B) Mughal Empire
12
What is the best explanation for the demographic trend you see in this chart?
Mesoamerican chinampas were replaced with European field agriculture.
Smallpox, measles, & malaria killed 90% of Mesoamerican peoples.
European guns & cannons killed many Mesoamericans.
There were a large number of migrants from Iberia to Mesoamerica.
13
All of the images below deal
MOSTLY
with which time period in European history?
The Scientific Revolution
The Artistic Renaissance
The Age of Exploration
The Enlightenment
14
Which of the following BEST describes the symbolism of this portrait of Mughal Emperor Jahangir?
It shows the economic dominance of the Indian Ocean Trade
It shows the scientific advances of the Mughal Empire.
It shows his devotion to Islam, the religion of Mughal rulers.
It shows the growing power of the Empire, justified by religion.
15
M.East/N.Africa/Europe. Turks. Sunni Islam. Beat old Byzantine Empire. Fought Shia Muslims. Ruled by a "Sultan".
D) Ottoman Empire
A) Qing Empire
B) Mughal Empire
C) Safavid Empire
16
These portraits of Emperors show how land-based imperial authorities used their__________ to legitimize their rule.
Technological powers
Economic powers
Cultural religious powers
Social powers
17
All of the following are true, but what was a
POLITICAL
effect of the Reformation?
New Christian churches emerged: Lutherans, Anglicans, etc.
Peasants admired Luther's message of Christian equality.
Luther's emphasis on reading encouraged literacy.
Kings & rulers used the protest to increase their power.
18
The Spanish discovered that they could get Asian luxury products in exchange for the
SILVER
they were mining in
West and Central Africa
South & Southeast Asia
Andean South America
The Caribbean & Brazil
19
How did the Unit 4 European Empires MOST differ from earlier land-based empires of Units 1, 2, & 3?
They were the first to try to culturally convert people.
Merchants were involved for the first time in these empires.
They were built by maritime conquest of regions oceans away
They were the first to transmit diseases between regions.
20
The expansion of Ottoman and Safavid empires led to conflict . What was TRUE about the cultural reasons these two fought
They were fighting over who built the best monumental architecture.
The Ottomans were Sunni Muslims while the Safavids were Shia Muslims.
One was a Muslim Empire while the other was a Hindu Empire.
They were fighting about Christianity: Catholics vs. Eastern Orthodox.
21
Portugal was the 1st to create a "transoceanic interconnection" of
trading posts
between the
Atlantic Ocean and Indian Ocean
Atlantic Ocean and Pacific Ocean
Atlantic Ocean and Arctic Ocean
22
Before 1450, this empire ruled the largest land-based empire in history & "set the stage" for most Eurasian Empires.
Egyptian Empire
Roman Empire
Han Dynasty
Mongol Empire
23
What was the Mughal Empire's policy toward different religions for most of its history (up to Emperor Aurangzeb).
Rulers were converted to Buddhist traditions.
Rulers were religiously tolerant, allowing majority Hinduism to continue.
Rulers converted to a new religion: Sikhism
Rulers tried to impose Islam on the conquered peoples of South Asia.
24
So, labor was needed on plantations, much of it forced. Which type of coerced labor had been used by the Inca Empire?
Encomienda System
Mit'a
Chattel Slavery
Indentured Servitude
25
"Civil Service Examinations" of the Qing Dynasty
would be an example of how land-based empires_________.
Recruited bureaucratic elites
Created Tribute collection systems
Developed military professionals.
Generated Revenue through trade
26
All of these civilizations participated in Unit 2 Trans-Saharan trade. How did their trade
CHANGE
in 1450-1750?
They used slaves for domestic household and agricultural tasks.
They captured slaves for Atlantic export in exchange for European goods.
They reduced their reliance on trade in favor of domestic production.
They traded salt and gold north and east into the Mediterranean system.
27
Sikhism is a good example of a syncretic religion that developed in this time period. What religions were combined?
Christianity and Judaism
Islam and Confucianism
Hinduism and Buddhism
Hinduism and Islam
28
Which breakthrough of the Scientific Revolution most challenged traditional religious views?
The study of mechanics that led to breakthroughs in machinery
The study of mathematics that led to ideas of probability, binomials, & -#s
The study of astronomy & the place of the sun in the solar system
The study of the anatomy of the human body
29
The "trading posts" of European maritime empires were most similarly comparable to which Unit 2 trade network?
Trans-Saharan Trade Routes
The Silk Road
Regional trade in the Americas
Exchange in the Indian Ocean
30
Which transfer between hemispheres would have been
MOST
responsible for the demographic trend you see after 1500 C.E.?
Maize (corn), potatoes, & beans from Americas to Afro-Eurasia
Sugar, bananas, & coffee from Afro-Eurasia to Americas
Chilies, cacao, & tobacco from Americas to Afro-Eurasia
Horses, cattle, & pigs from Afro-Eurasia to Americas
31
What happened as a result of this transition in Chinese dynasties?
End of Mongol Empire led to takeover by classically Chinese dynasty.
Japanese "Ming" warriors conquered all of China.
The Korean "Ming" asserted their power & took over China
The Mongols changed their name from "Yuan" to "Ming".
32
This image shows 6 years in the nearly 400 year Atlantic slave trade. What was
NOT
an effect of this trade?
African crops like okra, yams, & rice were diffused to the Americas.
Diseases spread because of the deplorable condition of slave ships.
The coerced labor of slaves on plantations enriched imperial economies.
Fossil fuel burning increased to power steam engines for labor.
33
"The Janissaries" of the Ottoman Empire
would be an example of how land-based empires_________.
Recruited bureaucratic elites
Developed military professionals.
Created Tribute collection systems
Generated Revenue through trade
34
This
IVORY
statue from 17th century
INDIA
exported to
PORTUGAL
could be used as evidence to prove
Crown=proof that imperial states used art to reinforce their legitimacy.
Ivory=proof that Swahili merchants continued to trade African luxury goods.
India=proof that Asian trade goods were highly in demand.
Christ child=proof that Portuguese trading diffused Catholicism to Asia.
35
This image of Lisbon, Portugal in the 17th Century could be used by a historian to prove...
empires used monumental architecture to reinforce their rule
maritime empires created a new economic elite who'd made $ from trade
navigation & innovations in ship designs were critical to maritime empires
just like land-based empires, maritime empires used guns & cannons
36
Economically, what drove rivalries between the major states of Eurasia between 1450-1750?
The challenge to authority by local elites.
Conflict both within Christianity & between Christians with other faiths.
Competition over trade routes & resource rich territories around the world.
Disputes about the legitimacy of dynastic rule.
37
In setting "transoceanic interconnections" in motion, Portugal's primary motivation before 1450 was
To get direct access to the lucrative Indian Ocean trade network
To establish new bases on the land-based silk routes
To find a mythical African Christian King named Prestor John
To get African slaves to work on Brazilian sugar plantations
38
SLAVES
forcibly taken to work on the plantations of the maritime empires came mostly from
The Caribbean & Brazil
South & Southeast Asia
Andean South America
West and Central Africa
39
Which of the following environmental innovations was UNIQUE to the challenges of sailing in the
Indian Ocean
?
Applying paper technology to maritime maps
Learning about magnetic poles & latitude to create the astrolabe & compass
Creating ways that lateen sails could move with square sails.
An understanding of seasonal monsoon wind patterns
40
The BEST explanation for Europe's ability to make breakthroughs in navigation technologies would be that...
technologies from other civilizations were diffused & improved upon.
Marco Polo's book had everything Europeans needed to travel Silk Roads.
all navigation technologies were invented independently in Europe.
they came to them as a result of the Columbian Exchange.
41
This system of early state-sponsored Spanish colonization that relied on coerced Native labor was called
encomienda
indentured servitude
Voluntary Labor
chattel slavery
42
What was a unique innovation of The Netherlands and England to unit 4 economics?
mercantilist joint-stock companies.
silver-backed currencies.
colonies in the Americas.
caravels using lateen sails.
43
Guru Nanak founded the Sikh religion in which region?
Middle East
South Asia
Russia
China
44
This description of the Ottoman Empire shows that a continuity from Unit 1 to Unit 3 is that Ottomans were ORIGINALLY
settled agriculturalist Byzantine peoples.
merchant trading Mediterranean peoples.
pastoralist Turkish peoples.
Christian peoples.
45
This is the Spanish silver mine Potosi (modern Bolivia) in
1590
; the workers are
Native American
. Which is true?
They used this silver to freely trade for Spanish crops
They were completely and legally equal to the Spanish
They were free but were taxed by the Spanish
They were slaves forced to labor for the Spanish
46
The empire from Unit 3 that
MOST
threatened European culture & economy (trade), spurring Portugal et al to explore, was
the Mughals
the Manchu Qing
the Safavids
the Ottomans
47
What was
NOT
a reason for Unit 4 European maritime exploration and empire building?
Europe wanted to diffuse Christianity to new territories & peoples.
Europe wanted more luxury products like spices, silk, porcelain, etc.
Europe wanted to rely on the Ottoman Empire for its trade.
European monarchs competed with rivals to gain status & wealth.
48
After its victory in conquering all of South Asia, what best describes the Mughal Empire?
It was dominated by a new religion called Sikhism.
It was split roughly 50-50 between Buddhists and Hindus.
It was mostly Muslim with a Hindu minority.
It had a small Muslim minority governing over a large Hindu majority.
49
Farmers who had to pay a landowner in the Ottoman Empire
would be an example of how land-based empires_____.
Developed military professionals.
Created taxation systems
Recruited bureaucratic elites
Generated Revenue through trade
50
While it was diffused by the Mongols, who were the original inventors of gunpowder?
The Byzantines
The Romans
The Chinese
The Egyptians
51
Why did the vast majority of Latin America become Catholic after 1492?
Merchant traders encouraged it to ease trade
Spanish & Portuguese priests were aided by imperial rule
Martin Luther made a trip there to convert people
Chinese explorer Zheng He had spread it on his voyages there
52
East Asia. Took power from Ming who took over after Yuan. Confucianism. Machu, Last Imperial Dynasty of China.
A) Qing Empire
B) Mughal Empire
C) Safavid Empire
D) Ottoman Empire
53
What's the best definition of "Mercantilism"?
An economic system that equally distributed the profits of merchant trade.
An economic system controlling merchants for the benefit of the state.
An economic system where governments promote free trade between merchants.
An economic system of simple barter in basic commodities between merchants.
54
Which region(s) supplied the most
SUGAR
to feed the 'sweet tooth' of the world circa 1450-1750 C.E.?
West and Central Africa
South & Southeast Asia
Andean South America
The Caribbean & Brazil
55
Middle East. Persia. Shia Islam. Went to war with Ottomans. Ruled by a "Shah."
B) Mughal Empire
A) Qing Empire
D) Ottoman Empire
C) Safavid Empire
56
"Yasak" or forcing Siberians to give furs to the Russian Empire
would be an example of how land-based empires_________.
Recruited bureaucratic elites
Developed military professionals.
Generated Revenue through trade
Created Tribute collection systems
57
This map of the Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade could
BEST
be used to demonstrate that
The Ottoman Empire never used African slaves
East Africa was the main source for slaves to the Americas
Europeans were invading Africa to capture slaves
Brazil & the Caribbean were major African slave destinations
58
Context: The example of
Zheng He
before 1450 demonstrates that land empires like the Ming were increasingly
seeking to expand trade over the Silk Road
looking to create empires in the Americas.
projecting state power and encouraging overseas foreign trade.
shutting themselves off from the rest of the world.
