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PreAP Biology Final Review
PreAP Biology Final Review
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1
What process causes the dye molecules to move in the following diagram?
exocytosis
active transport
osmosis
diffusion
2
Which of the following organic molecules is used for quick energy?
Proteins
Lipids
Carbohydrates
Nucleic Acids
3
Which enzyme breaks the hydrogen bonds between DNA strands during replication?
Topoisomerase
Polymerase
SSBP's
Helicase
4
The bases are held together in the center of DNA with _________ bonds.
ionic
hydrogen
covalent
5
Which type of organic molecules act as building blocks in proteins
phospholipids
amino acids
saccharides
nucelotides
6
Water can form hydrogen bonds because...
It is a small molecule.
water has a high specific heat
It is polar.
It is a universal solvent.
7
Which Stage of Mitosis is defined by the image?
telophase
prophase
metaphase
anaphase
8
Which type of lipid has only single bonded hydrocarbons & is solid at room temp?
Cholesterol
Unsaturated
Hormones
Saturated
9
Changed variable, also known as manipulated variable
control
independent
dependent
10
Transfer RNA's bind during translation by the
amino acid
codon
rRNA
anticodon
11
measured variable as an effect of the changed variable
dependent
control
independent
12
Which of the following is a qualitative observation?
Mr. Bell is 5' 11" tall.
Mrs. Hawkins has two children.
Ms. Lyon's dog has 3 colors of fur.
Mr. Irion's shirt is red.
13
Which of the following phrases best describes cytokinesis?
separation of sister chromatids
separation of homologous chromosomes
division of the cytoplasm.
division on the nucleus
14
Where do cells come from, according to the cell theory?
proteins
pre-existing cells
eating
unicellular animals
15
What is water's ability to stick to other substances called?
Adhesion
Cohesion
Capillary action
High Specific Heat
16
During which part of the cell cycle is DNA copied?
G1
G2
M
S
17
In messenger RNA each codon specifies a particular
protien
amino acid
nuclotide
promotor
18
A man w/ type A blood & a woman w/ type B blood have a baby with type O. What's dad's genotype?
IAi
IBIB
IAIA
IBi
19
Which Stage of Mitosis is defined by the image?
anaphase
prophase
metaphase
telophase
20
Individuals with Kleinfelters syndrome have the sex chromosomes XXY. This occurs due to
nondisjunction during meiosis 2
nondisjunction during meiosis 1
non disjunction during meisos 1 OR meiosis 2
this is not possible.
21
What structure tells you this is a diagram of a plant cell and not an animal cell?
cell membrane
nucleus
mitochondria
cell wall
22
In DNA, The base Thymine (T) always pairs up with ________.
Cytosine
Guanine
Uracil
Adenine
23
The two strands that make up a single DNA molecule are _________.
complementary
anti-parallel
"twisted"
all choices are correct
24
The backbone of DNA is made up of...
bases
a base and a phosphate
a phosphate and a sugar
a base and a sugar
25
Hemophilia is significantly more common in males than females. This may indicate what pattern?
codominance
sex-linked
incomplete dominance
multiple alleles
26
All organic molecules contain the element ________.
Phosphorus
Nitrogen
Silicon
Carbon
27
Which best describes the cells at the END of mitosis?
2 cell, identical
4 cells, identical
4 cells, different
2 cells, different
28
What process is shown in the diagram?
diffusion
osmosis
active tranport
exocytosis
29
What type of molecule produced at the rough endoplasmic reticulum (ER)?
DNA
lipids
glucose
proteins
30
What is the optimum pH of Trypsin?
4
7.8
11
2.5
31
The following diagram is a monomer of which of the four major macro molecules?
Carbonydrate
Nucleic Acids
Protein
Lipid
32
Which term best describes genetic modification of a genome?
genetic engineering
All of these terms!
DNA technology
recombinant DNA
33
In the ionic bond between Na + Cl, the electrons are
the same for each element
transfered from chlorine to sodium
transfered from sodium to chlorine
shared
34
In covalent bonds electrons are
transfered
shared
not shared
35
What organelle makes proteins?
mitochondria
golgi apparatus
chloroplasts
ribosomes
36
Which of the chains of amino acids corresponds to the nucleotide sequence UCA AGC GUA?
ser-ser-val
glu-asp-"stop"
thr-arg-met
glu-cys-pro
37
What is Biology?
The study of life
The study of physical movement
The study of non-living things
My favorite class EVER!
38
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of living things?
Passes on traits
Non-changing
Made of cells
Homeostasis
39
Which of the following could denature an enzyme?
making the pH too low
making the pH too high
All of these
very high temperatures
40
Which of the following is a testable question?
Which subject do you like best?
Where is China?
Does sunlight affect growth of plants?
What is the largest planet?
41
What's total magnification of a microscope if objective lens is set to 10x& eye piece is 10x
1000
100
10
20
42
What a phenotype?
the physical characteristics
type of cells
the gene pair
an organelle
43
The typical human liver cell contains 46 chromosomes. How many would there be in one eye cell?
23
depends on the person
92
46
44
In designing an experiment, how many dependent/manipulated variables should be tested?
only 1
none
at least 3
up to 2
45
How would the DNA sequence GCT ATA be transcribed into mRNA?
GCU TUT
CGA UAU
CGA TAT
GCU AUA
46
When the allele pair are both dominant (BB) or both recessive (rr)
Sexual
Heterozygous
Not enough info.
Homozygous
47
The monomer, or building block, of a DNA molecule is the __________.
nucleotide
nucleic acid
amino acid
saccharide
48
Which is a correct statement about prokaryotic cells?
The genetic material floats freely in the cytoplasm
The cells contain many membrane-bound organelles
They rarely have cell membranes.
The genetic material is bound by a membrane.
49
Which of the following statements about the genetic code is true?
Some codons specify the same amino acid
A codon can specify more than one amino acid
Every codon specifies a unique amino acid
Some codons have no function at all
50
The following diagram depicts what type of reaction?
Dehydration Synthesis
Hydrolysis
Condensation Reaction
Ionic bonding
51
A mutation where one nucelotide is changed, but the amino acid isn't is called...
substitution, nonsense
substitution, silent
substitution, translocation
substitution, missense
52
What is the name of the sugar found in DNA?
glucose
sucrose
deoxyribose
ribose
53
The scientists credited with the discovery of nucleic acids as the hereditary molecule are
Rosalind Franklin
Watson and Crick
E. Chargoff
Avery and Chase
54
What process is shown in the diagram?
endocytosis
exocytosis
diffusion
osmosis
55
What part of a cell stores water, food, and other cellular material?
lysosome
vacuole
nucleus
endoplasmic reticulum
56
Which property of water gives it strong surface tension?
High Specific Heat
Capillary Action
Cohesion
Adhesion
57
Which part of this nucleotide is the nitrogenous base?
1, 2 & 3
1
2
3
58
What organic compound is made up of a string of amino acids?
Carbohydrates
Lipids
Proteins
Nucleic Acids
59
The individual with this karyotype is
abnormal male
abnormal female
normal female
normal male
60
What pattern of inheritance is shown in the diagram?
codominance
normal mendelian
incomplete dominance
sex-linked
61
The process below happens during what phase of meiosis?
prophase I
anaphase 2
prophase 2
anaphase 1
62
Which part of an atom their respective charges is incorrectly paired
proton - positive
electron - negative
neutron - negative
neutron - neutral
63
The process of making proteins based on instructions from messenger RNA is called
Translation
Transcription
Transformation
Replication
64
The typical human stomach cell contains 46 chromosomes. How many would there be in the gametes?
23
46
depends on the person
92
65
What pattern of inheritance is shown in the diagram?
sex-linked
incomplete dominance
codominance
normal mendelian
66
The process by which genetic code of DNA is copied into a strand of RNA is called
Transcription
Transformation
Translation
Replication
67
Glucose, sucrose, and fructose are examples of what?
Carbohydrates
Proteins
Lipids
Nucleic Acids
68
Each time a cell divides it gets shorter. One way to combat this is the presence of ______.
We can't do anything about it.
Telomeres
Primers
RNA polymers
69
Name the four elements that combine to form most all chemical compounds in living things
carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen
hydrogen, carbon, sulfur, nitrogen
carbon, hydrogen, sodium, oxygen
carbon, hydrogen, phosphorus, nitrogen
70
Which best describes the cells at the END of meiosis?
4 cells, identical
4 cells, different
2 cells, different
2 cells, identical
71
The following is a macro molecule found in which category?
Lipids
Nucleic Acids
Proteins
Carbohydrates
72
Variable that remains the same or constant in the experiment
control
dependent
manipulated
independent
73
Which Stage of Meiosis is defined by the image?
prophase 1
anaphase 2
prophase 2
anaphase 1
74
Enzymes...
all of the above
lower the activation energy of a reaction
are proteins
are reusable
75
What is the function of nucleic acids?
Store genetic material
Long term energy
Quick energy
Make up cell membrane
76
The semiconservative model of DNA replication means the two resulting copies are
entirely original
entirely new
half original, half new
random mixtures of original and new
77
The transcribing enzyme is
Ligase
RNA Polymerase
DNA Polymerase
Primase
78
A(n) ______________________ is a possible solution to a problem which can be tested
inference
hypothesis
theory
control group
79
Which of the following are examples of nucleic acids?
RNA
Amino Acids
DNA
Both DNA & RNA
80
Eukaryotic cells divide by _______, prokaryotic cells divide by _______.
mitosis, binary fission
meiosis, mitosis
mitosis, meiosis
binary fission, mitosis
