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Geo 112 (Study 2) Flashcards | StudBud
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Geo 112 (Study 2)
Geo 112 (Study 2)
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NJC Exam Study
Flashcards
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Questions
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Answers
1
__________ is a group of individuals that belong to a single species and live together in a particular area
Ecosystem
Population
Biological Group
Community
2
Are you ready to study?
True
False
3
Metamorphic rocks that result from hot magma coming into contact with preexisting rocks are likely to be foliated.
False
True
4
In the rock cycle, what processes convert sediment into sedimentary rock?
compaction and cementation
melting and crystallization
weathering and erosion
extreme heat and erosion
5
The Coriolis Effect is the apparent change in direction of moving air or water due to the Earth's rotation.
False
True
6
Limiting factors include ______.
Physical, Chemical, Environmental, Predation
Physical, Chemical, Competition (Food/Territory), Predation
Physical, Chemical, Competition (Food/Territory), Environmental, Mr. Koles
Physical, Chemical, Environmental, Competition (Food/Territory)
7
What is physical weathering?
Breaking up rock
Creating new rock
Softening rock
Hardening rock
8
The intertidal zone is most closely associated with _____.
the continental slope
a barrier island shoreline
the abyssal plain
the continental shelf
9
A by-product of long-term photosynthesis that is a major constituent in Earth's atmosphere is ________.
oxygen
water vapor
nitrogen
carbon dioxide
10
_________ organisms, such as fish, live in the ocean's water.
Benthonic
Substratic
Pelagic
Abyssal
11
What mineral assemblage is likely to be found in a sedimentary rock?
potassium feldspar, biotite, and quartz
amphibole, clay, and calcium plagioclase
clay, quartz, and hematite
muscovite, pyroxene, and calcite
12
What combination of minerals is likely to be found in a felsic igneous rock?
potassium feldspar, sodium plagioclase, and quartz
calcite, clay, and quartz
pyroxene, amphibole, and calcium plagioclase
biotite, clay, and calcium plagioclase
13
A mountain produced by lava cooling on Earth's surface is a ______ .
horst
volcano
inselberg
monadnock
14
In which environment is sediment most likely to be eroded?
In the bottom of a closed basin like Death Valley, California
From a steep mountain slope
In the deep ocean basins
From very flat land
15
Isotopes are forms of an element that have a different number of
neutrons
.
False
True
16
What are biogenic sediments?
mineral grains that were parts of organisms
minerals formed in the ocean floors
minerals formed from volcanic activity
minerals formed along the surface of Earth
17
According to isostasy, how will the earth's crust respond to a loss in weight resulting from the erosion of mountains?
There should be no change
The loss in weight will cause the crust to buckle and form new mountains.
The crust will respond to the loss of weight by rising somewhat.
All answers are correct
18
Temperate forests, dominated by maples, oaks, and beeches (plus flowering plants), are located in
savannahs and grasslands
Mediterranean climates
temperate climates at mid-latitudes
tropical climates
19
A clastic sedimentary rock consisting of silt sized particles is a ______.
YOUR MOM
siltstone
shale
sandstone
20
Northern coniferous forests dominated by spruce, pine, and fir, are located adjacent to the subarctic ecosystem known as
tundra
ice caps
savannahs
temperate forests
21
Examples of sedimentary structures that may be seen in sedimentary rocks include ________ .
All answers are correct
ripples
cross-bedding
mud cracks
22
The diversity of life in freshwater bodies, such as lakes and rivers, is much greater than it is in the oceans.
False
True
23
The slope that leads from the shallow ocean at the edge of continents to the deep ocean basins is the
continental slope
continental rise
abyssal plain
continental shelf
24
A nonconformity usually implies _______.
superposition
the parallel sedimentary rock above and below an erosion surface
a gap in the rock record
a large uplift of the land followed by deep erosion
25
The order of increasing metamorphic grade for foliated metamorphic rocks is ______.
slate, phyllite, schist, gneiss
phyllite, schist, gneiss, slate
gneiss, slate, phyllite, schist
gneiss, schist, phyllite, slate
26
Alluvial Fans
are fan-shaped accumulations of sediment found at the mouth of a canyon.
False
True
27
Limiting factors restrict a species to an environment.
True
False
28
The divisions of the geologic time scales are for the most part based on ________.
fossils
superposition
absolute age dates
laws and physics
29
What is a community?
Communism
species that require the same environmental factors
Group of species living together in a habitat
Species that come from the same offspring
30
The upper limit on metamorphism is melting.
False
True
31
Sodium Chloride made in a chemistry lab is considered a mineral.
False
True
32
The relative order of events in the geologic time scale was determined by applying knowledge of _____.
all answers are correct
superposition
fossils
continuity
33
Chemical sedimentary rocks consisting of the skeletons of dead marine organisms are classified as _______ .
evaporites
clastic
All answers are correct
Biogenic
34
Earth's atmosphere consists of ________ in decreasing order of abundance.
argon, oxygen, carbon dioxide, water, nitrogen
oxygen, carbon dioxide, water, nitrogen, argon
carbon dioxide, water, nitrogen, oxygen, argon
nitrogen, oxygen, argon, carbon dioxide, water
35
Which igneous rock type represents slow cooling deep underground (6 to 15 km)?
rhyolite
basalt
andesite
gabbro
36
Where is the photic zone?
along the ocean floor
the upper layers of the ocean where there is sunlight for photosynthesis
the lower layers of the ocean where there is no sunlight for photosynthesis
the layer of the ocean where there are changing tides
37
In an ionic bond a positively and negatively charged ion are held together by an electrostatic attraction.
True
False
38
Metamorphism of rock occurs when it is exposed to high temperatures, very high pressures, or both.
False
True
39
Terrestrial climates on land at about 30 degrees north and south latitude tend to be________.
savannahs
grasslands
rain forests
large deserts
40
A tabular body of igneous rock that intruded parallel to layers of sedimentary rock is a _______.
sill
all answers are correct
dike
batholith
41
Chemical sediments are formed by _______.
YOUR MOM
direct precipitation of chemical sediments of water
direct evaporation of chemical sediments of water
erosion and weathering of chemical sediments
42
Regional metamorphism ________.
covers large areas
produces many foliated rocks, such as phyllite and schist
is associated with mountain building
All answers are correct
43
The way that a species relates to its environment defines its ______.
community
ecologic niche
habitat
life habitat
44
Which type of sedimentary rock displays the best sorting?
a sandstone deposited by a river
a sandstone deposited by wind
tillite
conglomerate
45
Consumers that feed on producers are called ______ .
parasites
scavengers
carnivores
herbivores
46
Brackish seawater is common in _____.
lakes and ponds
continental shelves
open ocean waters
bays and lagoons
47
Chemical weathering makes new minerals.
True
False
48
Minerals are _______ .
all answers are correct
inorganic
crystalline solids
naturally occurring
49
WHAT IS THE COMPOSITION OF THE ATMOSPHERE!?
N2 49% , O2 50% , Ar 1%
N2 78% , O2 21% , Ar 1%
N2 78% , O2 20% , Ar 2%
N2 70% , O2 29% , Ar 1%
50
Evaporites are chemical sediments left by the
precipitation
of seawater.
False
True