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Global Studies Comparison Between Civilizations or Eras
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Global Studies Comparison Between Civilizations or Eras
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Questions compiled from Global Studies Regents Exams
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1
30
gained wealth by obtaining gold from the Americas
made advances in mathematics and literature
stressed the importance of dharma and karma
controlled territories around the Mediterranean seacoast
2
89
designed ships to conduct global trade
developed coastal ports
adapted mountainous terrain
introduced camel caravans as a form of transportation
3
77
declined because of corruption in government
developed parliamentary governments
ensured equality for women
reached their height of power at the same time
4
16
The Commercial Rev. led to creation of traditional economies
The Black Plague led to labor shortages.
The Russian Revolution led to an absolute monarchy.
Enlightenment thoughts led to manorialism.
5
139
made slavery unacceptable
treated all equally under the law
provided for religious freedom
gave people a set of rules to follow
6
7
present unbiased views of life in Africa and Asia
provide the basis for European holy books
include advice on how to be a democratic ruler
serve as primary sources about trade and culture
7
96
enlightened despots
communist dictators
leaders of independence movements
advocates of liberation theology
8
131
Communist governments were established
Ethnic tensions decreased
Large numbers of people migrated
Nuclear weapons were developed
9
78
fought against British imperialism
became a communist revolutionary
made significant scientific discoveries
led nationalist movements
10
75
fought for independence from European control
promoted European control over the Americas
became religious leaders of their countries
controlled large areas of land in the Americas
11
102
support the establishment of democratic governments
provide encouragement to people behind the Iron Curtain
address human rights abuses
establish free trade zones throughout the world
12
84
birth
power
wealth
education
13
53
imperialism
communism
terrorism
isolationism
14
6
supported territorial expansion
encouraged reforms
led communist revolutions
were subjects of Stalinist purges
15
132
nationalist sentiments
trench warfare
nonviolent resistance
collective security agreements
16
68
wheeled carts
astrolabe
gunpowder
road system
17
31
revolutionary democratization
innovative industrial development
political decentralization
reactionary social change
18
136
established a democratic form of government
expanded the power of labor unions
sought a classless society
denied individual rights
19
116
distinct social classes
cultural isolation
command economies
stable governments
20
82
Pilgrimages to mountains are encouraged by belief systems
Understanding nature is requirement of these belief systems
Water plays an important role in these belief systems
The Middle East was the birthplace of these belief systems
21
2
supported democratic forms of government
helped to spread the ideas of religious leaders
stimulated the expansion of trade
led to nationalistic movements
22
90
rejected industrial development
embraced capitalist ideas
used peaceful methods to achieve their goals
relied on support from the peasants
23
113
overthrew a ruling monarch
used Marxist political principles
set up democratic governments
promoted Confucian principles
24
119
native reaction to foreign interference in the region
government policies of ethnic cleansing
attempts by democratic forces to overthrow the monarchy
government denial of access to fertile farmland
25
22
D-->A-->C-->B
B-->A-->D-->C
A-->B-->C-->D
B-->C-->A-->D
26
1
a decentralized political system
the development of a wealthy middle class
religious diversity
an increased emphasis on education
27
40
most wealthy merchants able to attain high social status
emperors were overthrown in coups d'etat
political power was more centralized
foreign missionaries were welcomed
28
134
experienced large migrations
carried out successful conquests
represented early civilizations
supported nationalist movements
29
67
devotion to their nation-state
service to their church
allegiance to their families
loyalty to their military leader
30
32
isolation
globalization
cultural difffusion
social mobility
31
106
imperialism in Europe
location in the Middle East
growth of the Ottoman Empire
development of trade with other regions
32
12
influence of the West African tradition
dominance of landscape paintings
focus on biblical themes
emphasis on the human form
33
72
A-->B-->C-->D
D-->C-->B-->A
C-->B-->A-->D
C-->D-->B-->A
34
143
achieving change through revolution
supporting a capitalist system
spreading the teachings of Christianity
preserving a rigid social system
35
36
expelled the Moors from Spain
occupied military posts in the Chinese Empire
held positions of power in feudal systems
were traditional religious leaders
36
127
Sulieman the Magnificent - Russian Empire
Justinian - Byzantine Empire
Peter the Great - Ottoman Empire
Charlemagne - Spanish Empire
37
29
all subjects are equal under the law
governments must provide their people with rights
harsh laws are needed to control society
religion and government must be brought closer together
38
38
were executed by revolutionaries
were known as great military leaders
supported the emancipation of serfs
advocated religious reform
39
100
frameworks for economic stability
methods of political reform
plans for maintaining the social hierarchy
political and economic ideals
40
33
encourage development through the creation of universities
defend human rights by establishing written codes of law
address economic concerns by lowering tariffs
restore stability after a period of conflict or disorder
41
145
stimulated trade
established colonial territories
encouraged mass migrations
led to discoveries in Africa
42
137
Leaders sometimes use religion as a reason to wage war
Leaders usually become the head of their country's church
Many political leaders encourage religious toleration
Leaders often use religion to unify an empire
43
144
development as centers of woolen industry
location on key trade routes
indirect control of the papacy
management of local gold mines
44
20
relied on global trade for goods
promoted religious tolerance
used a parliamentary system of government
awarded land to the elite
45
41
supported increased rights for ethnic minorities
established theocracies based on Islam
implemented programs to modernize their nations
adopted policies of nonalignment
46
50
allowed for educational opportunities
determined roles based on gender
revolved around cultural religious beliefs
enforced different rules for distinct groups of people
47
69
cultural achievements
democratic reforms
religious unity
economic isolation
48
97
developing decentralized political structures
using examinations to select officials
having governments dominated by a merchant class
having long periods of stable government
49
57
Without mountains and rivers, people cannot develop culture
The spread of new ideas is discouraged by trade and conquest
The geography of a nation or region influences development
Major urban centers are only found along rivers.
50
81
colonized peoples in the British Empire
groups that joined the North Atlantic Treaty Organization
groups represented on the United Nations Security Council
peoples without their own state
51
110
nationalism
humanism
imperialism
polytheism
52
74
Spanish govt required gold in colonies be brought to Spain.
France Germany Belgium and UK negotiated to divide Africa
Japan closed its ports to trade with other nations
British ruled much of India through control of local rulers
53
59
Deserts made invasion possible
The tundra enabled the movement of troops
Warm-water ports prevented the flow of supplies
The climate created obstacles to success
54
26
limited the power of the monarch
created a theocracy
equalized taxes
provided for universal suffrage
55
141
established policies of censorship and repression
liberated the serfs and industrial workers
used televised propaganda to rally the masses
reformed executive branch by using theocratic principles
56
73
established republics
discouraged scientific advancements
ruled during times of prosperity
led nationalist movements
57
125
built a system of roadways throughout their empires
fought rivals for control of the sea
traded with other civilizations along the Silk Road
adopted Christianity as the state religion
58
61
incorporated communist doctrine into their government
sponsored a UN Conference on Women's Rights
established an Islamic state
joined Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC)
59
27
reform and modernization
isolation and nationalism
capitalism and democracy
revolution and absolutism
60
23
the main items exchanged were ivory and tobacco
concrete was used to improve the surface of the roads
ideas were exchanged as merchants interacted with each other
a single currency was used to make transactions easier
61
47
social mobility was very limited
impact on the daily lives of people was minimal
occupations were attained by merit
status was determined by education
62
94
existing borders to be maintained
monarchs to be returned to their rightful places
reparations to be paid by defeated countries
peacekeeping organizations to be established
63
118
lack of ports
fortifications
advanced technology
climate
64
93
established public education systems
codified the laws of their empire
instituted democratic governments
separated church and state
65
142
building a large network of roads and bridges
granting citizenship and voting rights to conquered peoples
using powerful navies to protect sea trade routes
supporting free-market economies by minting silver coins
66
105
opposed trade with other nations
supported nationalistic movements
established democratic rule in their countries
organized communist rebellions
67
85
stimulated interest in other cultures
led to the establishment of colonies
resulted in archaeological discoveries in Africa
started mass migrations from Europe
68
135
a lack of alliances
poorly trained military forces
harsh winter climate
mountainous terrain
69
120
trench
guerilla
biological
unrestricted submarine
70
58
mining
manufacturing
trade
agriculture
71
128
weak centralized authority and interference from outsiders
democratic rule and a coordinated economic policy
renewed interest in artistic pursuits such as painting
increased construction of roads, bridges, other public works
72
126
Inflation contributed to rise of radical political groups
Widespread intolerance of Huguenots led to abuses
Scientific developments improved the standard of living
Military successes eliminated tensions with countries
73
51
indigenous ethnic rivalries
religious divisions
urban development
European colonial policies
74
108
required the use of Latin throughout the empire
encouraged the spread of independence movements
engaged in territorial expansion
introduced the use of gunpowder in warfare
75
44
protested against economic sanctions
conquered eastern neighboring territories
crushed secessionist movements
worked to modernize their nations
76
45
Both conflicts concern territorial and religious issues
Both conflicts emerged as a result of the breakup of USSR
Hostilities within these regions were provoked by the U.N.
Tensions here were caused by efforts to remain nonaligned.
77
62
strength of nationalist leaders
support of the Catholic Church
mediation of the League of Nations
existence of democratic institutions
78
88
Hernando Cortez --> Simon Bolivar
Pope Urban II --> Martin Luther
Nicolaus Copernicus --> Galileo Galilei
Louis XVI --> Maximilien Robespierre
79
117
led a nationalist movement
supported imperialism
used nonviolent tactics
opposed communism
80
46
military disarmament
compulsory education
voter participation
religious toleration
81
114
climatic changes in an area
beliefs and values of a given culture
19th-century use of technology
influence of Chinese design
82
60
fought for power for black majority over white minority
led people of his nation toward a more democratic government
worked to end communism in his country
refused to participate in the United Nations
83
138
elimination of all traditional beliefs
the Columbian exchange
a movement toward decolonization
cultural diffusion between different societies
84
63
Mohandas Gandhi
Ho Chi Minh
Saddam Hussein
Momar Khadafi
85
21
lose strength when mercenaries enforce reforms
conquer more than one continent and remain stable
be threatened only when directly attacked by outsiders
be weakened by both internal and external pressures
86
15
return to traditional values
gain a warm-water port
adopt western-style reforms
limit the role of women in society
87
14
nationalism
westernization
imperialism
industrialization
88
19
a reduction in trade
the discovery of East Asia
the development of slavery
an increased interest in different cultures
89
70
ending foreign control
creating collective farms
promoting religious freedom
establishing a limited monarchy
90
140
encouraged the development of advanced technology
promoted respect for the physical environment
required that legalist principles be followed
emphasized duties and responsibilities in society
91
121
end foreign control
promote laissez-faire capitalism
develop modern industries
create a totalitarian state
92
98
predictable rainfall from the monsoon cycle
abundances of natural resources
access to mountain passes
location on waterways
93
130
Panama regained control of the Panama canal
Fidel Castro became the communist leader of Cuba
NAFTA was signed by Mexico, Canada, and the United States
Simon Bolivar established Gran Colombia
94
129
failure of France and Germany to develop modern weapons
harsh climatic conditions in Russia
inexperience of French and German military leaders
Russian alliances with China
95
95
limit the movement of peoples
keep people from smuggling illegal goods
halt the spread of communism
isolate unpopular governments
96
8
strengthened communism
allowed elements of capitalism
increased global tensions
maintained the democratic process
97
122
B-->D-->A-->C
B-->C-->D-->A
C-->B-->A-->D
A-->C-->B-->D
98
39
South America - Munich Conference
Central Africa - calling for Crusades by Pope Urban II
East Asia - issuing the Balfour Declaration
Eastern Europe - Berlin Airlift
99
103
promoted peace and prosperity
established totalitarian governments
provided structure for society
developed concepts of natural rights
100
49
Christianity has been a dominant force in Europe and India
Many political leaders discouraged religious toleration
Leaders are often influenced by cultural belief systems
Religions have little impact on the development of empires
101
124
led nationalist movements in their countries
led their countries during the Cold War
formed communist governments
kept their countries out of the United Nations
102
111
One group seized power and limited opposition
Leaders won the support of all groups
Civil liberties were promoted
Voting rights were extended to women
103
11
developing terrace farming on hillsides
building chariots to protect open plains against invaders
constructing harbors to encourage exploration
becoming maritime traders
104
48
China
Japan
Vietnam
India
105
104
C-->A-->B-->D
A-->B-->D-->C
C-->B-->D-->A
B-->A-->C-->D
106
4
were conquered by European imperialists
built temple complexes and developed the concept of zero
developed early democratic systems
eliminated standing armies and introduced an aristocracy
107
18
supported republican governments
provided records of economic activity
legalized monotheistic beliefs
established legal standards
108
76
hindered imperialistic goals
required unquestioning loyalty to the leader
led pro-democracy movements
helped increase religious tolerance
109
54
the importance of religion
economic development
social mobility
the individual and the state
110
86
acceptance of new political boundaries
establishment of uniform legal codes
emigration of people from their homelands
intervention of coalition military forces
111
5
restructuring of government that included elected monarchs
an increase in military production, strong military forces
decrease in the reliance on industrialization and trade
a reduction in tensions with neighboring countries
112
34
an extended period of peaceful trade and commerce
a knowledge and command of advanced technologies
the development of religious and cultural reforms
a rejection off democratic policies and practices
113
35
served as major barriers to the movement of people and goods
provided necessary resources for settlement
are located on the western side of the continent
had little effect on the lives of people in these regions
114
83
legal changes to protect human rights
military strategies to defeat opponents
constitutions to define political powers
policies to increase religious persecution
115
65
Great Sphinx of the Egyptians
Twelve Tables of the Romans
ziggurats of Sumeria
map projections of Mercator
116
66
in search of additional food sources
for religious freedom
from rural lands to urban areas
across the Atlantic Ocean
117
79
individual abilities
birth
marriage
education and training
118
56
invading Russia with limited supply lines
introducing combined ground and naval forces
using conquered peoples as slave laborers
invading Great Britain by land
119
9
serfdom
tribute
indulgences
chivalry
120
13
mountains
deserts
rivers
climate
121
43
fought to free his country from European control
embraced the principles of civil disobedience
established the first democratic government in his country
opposed the role of the Roman Catholic Church in politics
122
55
Reformation --> Crusades --> Exploration of the Americas
Renaissance --> Middle Ages --> Roman Empire
Treaty of Versailles --> World War II --> Korean War
Bolshevik Revolution --> French Revolution --> American Rev.
123
112
gain the support of wealthy landowners
ignore urban workers
occur in a peaceful manner
bring radicals to power
124
101
emancipated serfs
granted equality to women
encouraged modernization
ruled according to a constitution
125
99
Cultural diversity leads to stable societies.
Economic cooperation can overcome political issues
Gender diffferences more powerful than social diffferences
Ethnic, religious differences have been sources of tension
126
3
resisted economic and social reforms in his country
promoted economic and technological modernization of country
experienced invasions of his country that almost succeded
rejected culture of his country in favor of foreign culture
127
28
governments developed policies of forced migration
many people moved to rural areas
many farm workers went to cities to look for jobs
ties to extended families increased
128
87
emphasized equal rights for women
promoted religious diversity
supported the expansion of overseas trade
encouraged democratic reforms
129
10
Renaissance --> Crusades --> French Revolution
French Revolution --> Crusades --> Renaissance
Crusades --> French Revolution --> Renaissance
Crusades --> Renaissance --> French Revolution
130
133
democratic constitutions
epic poems
written laws
religious edicts
131
123
developed economies based primarily on agriculture
became wealthy and powerful as a result of trade
were centers for Islamic learning
were land-locked city-states
132
107
Siberian tundra
Caspian Sea
arid land
harsh climate
133
37
revised understandings of natural surroundings
development of new manufacturing techniques
increased suspicion between different religions
questioning the benefits of the mercantile system
134
25
political stability
social equality for men and women
unifying religious institutions
representative forms of government
135
80
African empires generally avoided contact with Europeans.
Trade between Africa and Europe decreased.
Initially Europeans lacked skills needed for desert travel
Desertification reduced the amount of arable land for people
136
115
large deserts
mountainous topographhy
tropical climate
frequent monsoons
137
42
mountain passes
superior air forces
severe winters
United Nations peacekeepers
138
64
limited the power of absolute monarchs
illustrated power of public opinion in forming policy
used violent methods to eliminate their opponents
established social stability and economic growth
139
91
promoted art and literature
developed matriarchal societies
allowed universal suffrage
established plantation agriculture
140
24
contact with other societies can lead to conflict and war
environmental changes can affect human society
technological advances can lead to major change
economic change can be slow and almost unnoticed
141
17
Joseph Stalin and Mao Zedong
Simon Bolivar and Bernardo O'Higgins
Sun Yixian and Emperor Hirohito
F.W. de Klerk and Indira Gandhi
142
71
Tensions of the Cold War
Causes of World War II
Effects of Nationalism
Results of Economic Revolutions
143
92
efforts of the middle class to gain power
outbreak of war between religious groups
lack of a common currency
inability to force back foreign invaders
144
52
Most military confrontations involve bio weapons
Advanced technology ensures victory
Geography often has an influence on the course of a conflict
Religious tensions often promote disagreements
145
109
building terraces into the mountainsides
growing crops suited to desert climates
engaging in overseas expansion
reclaiming land from the sea by building dikes
