AP Human Geography Unit 5 Vocab (IN PROGRESS)

Buildings and human activities close to a body of water or along a transportation route

Confined spaces in which cattle and hogs have limited movement or concentrated animal feeding operations (CAFOs)

Sharing agricultural products with family friends and perhaps those in need rather than as a business

Farmers build a series of steps into the side of a hill

Farming typical fruits and vegetables, usually in warm mid latitude areas

One crop/animal is raised per season on a piece of land

Situations where crops and animals were domesticated in multiple regions with seemingly no interaction among the people

Farms run as corporations

Watering equipment rotates around a picot and delivers specific amounts of water, fertilizer, or pesticides in the field

This created plots of consistent size

Using large amounts of inputs to maximize yields

A capital-intensive livestock operation where animals are kept in close quarters, and bred and fed in a controlled place

The process of applying controlled amounts of water to crops using manufactured devices

Crops produced without pesticides or synthetic fertilizers, and use sustainable growing practices

Using parts of different plants it grow new ones

Smaller lots inside townships

Plot boundaries (metes for short distances, bounds for large distances)

Using fewer inputs, resulting in a lower yield

Money invested in land, equipment, and machines

Where supply and demand determine the outcome of competition for land

First major hearth of agriculture in Southwest Asia

Uses low-paid humans labor and animal labor for a low yield

Growing common crops in hotter regions using some irrigations

Deals with why people choose certain locations for various types of economic activity

Uses few resource inputs and little human labor, has high crop yield, most is sold for profit

Transportation networks that keep food cool throughout a trip

Growing and raising enough food and livestock for profit

Growing fruits and vegetables near urban areas and selling them locally

Public financial support to safeguard food production

An effort to promote higher incomes for procedures and more sustainable farming practices

Areas with better climates or soil conditions for certain crops

Brings produce and consumers into a type of partnership

Not essential to human survival but have a high profit margin

Low-lying areas that contain a significant amount of water at or near the surface

Farming crops and livestock, most crop is eaten by livestock, usually happens in warm and cold mid latitude areas

Corporations operating in many countries

The long-term weather patterns in a region

Homes spread throughout the countryside

Fast growing form of food production responsible for 50% of the world’s seafood (popularization of aquaculture)

The steps required to get a product or service to others

Planting and harvesting a crop 2-3 times per year on the same piece of land

Fish, shellfish, or water plants raised in netted areas in the sea, tanks, or other bodies of water

Seasonal herding of animals between elevations

Crops consumers are willing to party more for because of special qualities or difficulty to acquire

A process by which humans use engineering techniques to change the DNA of a seed

Determines the starting position for each land use relative to the market, as well as where each land use would end

Raising and harvesting fish and other food forms that live in water

The study of how land is used and the impact of changing land use

The technique of planting different crops in a sequence on the same plot of land in order to restore nutrients to soil.

Uses expensive machinery and other inputs on terraced fields

A process used by corporations to gather resources, transform them into goods, and transport them to consumers

Advances in plant biology of the Mid-20th century

A type of agriculture that includes market gardening/truck farming and dairy farming

An plot of land that is 6x6 miles

expanded mechanization of farming, new global agricultural systems, and used scientific and information technologies

Origin of farming, domestication of plants and animals

The global movement of plants and animals between Afro-Eurasia and the Americas

Grow crops inside stackable trays, using greenhouses, artificial lights, and hydroponics

Groups of homes located near each other in a village sharing services and having a strong sense of place

The ownership of other businesses involved in the steps of producing a particular good

The difference between crop yield and average crop yield

Growing and raising enough food and livestock to meet the immediate needs of the farmer and their family

The transformation of agricultural products into food or taking food items and transforming them into a different type

Commercial grazing of animals in a specific area

When farmers grow 2+ crops simultaneously on the same field

Moving within a territory, usually in dry lands

The geographic distance milk is delivered

Raising animals for protection, work, transportation, or food

Allow crops to grow without using mineral-enriched solutions

Only growing/raising one thing year after year

Farms that supply dairy products

When salts from water used by plants remain in the soil

The process by which humans alter the landscape in order to raise crops and livestock for consumption and trade

A model suggesting a pattern for the different types of products that farmers would produce based on proximity to market

Uses few inputs, often practiced in climatic extremes, low yield

The production of farm goods within an urban area with the goal of providing locally grown food

When all vegetation in an area of forest is cut down and burned in place

A neighborhood where residents have little to no access to healthy and affordable food

Alteration of the natural vegetation in arid areas causing fertile land to become infertile

Seeking out food produced nearby

Specialize in one specific crop, usually in tropical and sub-tropical areas

Uses heavy investments in labor and capital to get higher yields and profits

Aseries of laws enacted by the British Government that enabled landowners to purchase and enclose land for their own use

Discriminatory practices that prevent female farmers from reaching their potential productivity

An increase in efficiency to lower to per-unit production cost, resulting in greater profits

The relationship between proximity to the urban market and the value of the land

Moving to new fields periodically, usually in tropical areas

A network of trade and transportation that get food from farms to consumers

Wheat farming, usually in cold mid latitude areas

The process of breeding two plants with desirable characteristics to produce a single seed with both characteristics

The removal of large tracts of forest

The process of applying controlled amounts of water to crops using human-made devices

The number of people that US farmers can support given the available resources

Flat and featureless with similar fertility and climate throughout

In the 1700s the Industrial Revolution increased food supplies and supported population growth

When households lack access to adequate food because of limited money or other resources

When farmers process their crops into high-value products rather than simply selling it as it comes from the field

Produce large quantities of vegetables and fruit, rely on low-paid migrant workers

The use of economic, political, and social pressures to control former colonies

The roads, bridges, tunnels, ports, electric grids, sewers, telecommunications, etc. of a country