A person's knowledge about some aspect of the environment

Which statement below is MOST closely associated with the early history of the study of imagery?

Thought is always accompanied by imagery.

How does a cognitive interview differ from standard questioning by police?

It is less subject to suggestibility.

What is a key similarity between visual imagery and hallucinations?

Both are stimulus-independent percepts in the absence of a stimulus.

What is a key characteristic of autobiographical memories?

Are multidimensional, incluiding sensory, spatial, and emotional components

What is the illusory truth effect?

The greater chance of seeing a repeatedly presented statement as true.

Behaviorists branded the study of imagery as being unproductive because

visual images are invisible to everyone except the person experiencing them

Which cognitive tasks is LEAST likely to activate the visual cortex strongly?

Imagine the meaning of the word “ethics.”

At 52 years old, which experiences are most likely to have faded from memory?

Winning the first grade spelling bee

What is a source monitoring error?

Misidentifying the source of a memory.

What is the narrative rehearsal hypothesis?

Enhanced memory for significant events may be caused by rehearsal.

What is the reminiscence bump?

Enhanced memory for events from ages 10 and 30, observed in people over 40

The conception of order of actions that occur during a specific experience

What is the conceptual peg hypothesis proposed by Paivio?

Concrete nouns create vivid images that help associate other words.

Mental scanning experiments found

a direct relationship between scanning time and distance on the image.

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Cognitive Processes - Practice Exam III

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Questions 32

Answers

1
Question
Misinformation effect
Source monitoring
Illusion of truth
Bias fallacy
2
What is a schema?
A person's knowledge about some aspect of the environment
A type of memory error caused by emotional stress
A technique for improving memory recall.
A vivid and detailed memory of a specific eveny
3
What is the term used to describe memories for the circumstances surrounding shocking, highly charged events?
Eidetic memory
Flashbulb memory
Autobiographical memory
Photographic memory
4
Which statement below is MOST closely associated with the early history of the study of imagery?
Thought is always accompanied by imagery.
Imagery is closely related to language
Imagery is based on spatial mechanisms like those involved in perception
People can rotate images of objects in their heads.
5
Which memory improvement technique involves associating items to be remembered with concrete words?
Method of loci
Elaborative rehearsal
Chunking
Pegword technique
6
What type of representation uses abstract symbols, such as equations or statements, to depict relationships?
Propositional representation
Spatial representation
Analogical representation
Depictive representation
7
How does a cognitive interview differ from standard questioning by police?
It is not supposed to be recorded.
It is shorter in duration.
It is more subject to suggestibility.
It is less subject to suggestibility.
8
What technique compares later memories to memories collected immediately after an event?
Misinformation effect
Source monitoring
Repeated recall
Narrative rehearsal
9
What is the term for the task in which participants create mental images and then scan them in their minds?
Mental rotation
Image generation
Spatial navigation
Mental scanning
10
What is a key similarity between visual imagery and hallucinations?
Both are stimulus-independent percepts in the absence of a stimulus.
Both are always controllable.
Both are always perceived as real.
Both occur in response to a corresponding stimulus.
11
What is a key characteristic of autobiographical memories?
Only contain episodic components.
Are multidimensional, incluiding sensory, spatial, and emotional components
Are formed through a passive recording process.
Are always accurate and detailed
12
What is the illusory truth effect?
The tendency to believe everything we read
The greater chance of seeing a repeatedly presented statement as true.
The phenomenon of remembering events that never happened
The difficulty in distinguishing between true and false memories.
13
What is the condition called where a patient ignores objects in one half of the visual field?
Hemianopia
Visual agnosia
Unilateral neglect
Blindsight
14
What technique did Shepard and Metzler use to infer cognitive processes in their mental rotation experiment?
Eye tracking
Brain imaging
Paired-associate learning
Mental chronometry
15
Behaviorists branded the study of imagery as being unproductive because
the imageless thought debate was unresolved.
visual images are invisible to everyone except the person experiencing them
visual images vary in detail.
some people have great difficulty forming visual images.
16
What brain region plays a crucial role in processing and consolidating emotional memories?
Prefrontal cortex
Parietal cortex
Hippocampus
Amygdala
17
Which cognitive tasks is LEAST likely to activate the visual cortex strongly?
Visualize your car from a distance and then up close.
Imagine a tic-tac-toe game proceeding from start to finish
Imagine the meaning of the word “ethics.”
Imagine a typical unsharpened pencil. Approximate its length in inches.
18
At 52 years old, which experiences are most likely to have faded from memory?
Getting a driver's license
Moving into the first apartment
Winning the first grade spelling bee
Going to high school prom
19
What is a source monitoring error?
Recalling a memory inaccurately
Forgetting the source of a memory
Misidentifying the source of a memory.
Being unable to form new memories
20
The scanning task used by Kosslyn' Experiment involves
visual icons.
perceptual images.
perceptual images.
mental images.
21
What is the narrative rehearsal hypothesis?
Flashbulb memories are like photographs and remain unchanged over time
Enhanced memory for significant events may be caused by rehearsal.
People have a special mechanism for remembering flashbulb events
Focus on the emotional aspects of events, leading to better memory.
22
What is the reminiscence bump?
The tendency to remember negative events more vividly than positive events
Enhanced memory for events from ages 10 and 30, observed in people over 40
A sudden increase in memory for events that occurred in early childhood
Difficulty recalling events ocurring during periods of rapid change.
23
Kosslyn's island experiment used the ___________ procedure.
mental scanning
mental walk
priming
categorization
24
Question
Schema
Misinformation effect
Script
Illusory truth effect
25
What is a script?
A detailed written account of an event
A type of memory that is highly resistant to forgetting.
The conception of order of actions that occur during a specific experience
A technique for creating false memories
26
What is the conceptual peg hypothesis proposed by Paivio?
Concrete nouns create vivid images that help associate other words.
Long-term memory is primarily based on visual representations
Memory is enhanced with visual and auditory information formats
Abstract nouns are easier to remember than concrete nouns
27
Memories of the past that have been pushed out of a person's consciousness are considered to be
repressed.
flashbulbs.
illusory.
false.
28
A spatial imagery test measures a person's capacity with imaging which of the following?
Layout
Distance
Texture
Detail
29
Where are imagery neurons located?
Foot
Eye
Brain
Spine
30
Coming to believe information that is false due to repeated exposure is referred to as which?
Source monitoring
Correspondence bias
Cryptoamnesia
Illusory truth effect
31
Mental scanning experiments found
a direct relationship between scanning time and distance on the image.
an absence of mental scanning when processing a mental geometric image.
Imagery doesn't represent spatial relations in the same way that perceptual
a constant scanning time for all locations on an image.
32
Which hypothesis proposes that memory is enhanced for events occurring as a person's life identity is formed?
Self-image hypothesis
Cultural life script hypothesis
Cognitive hypothesis
Narrative rehearsal hypothesis

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