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Exam 1
Exam 1
20 terms
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1
Our awareness that we belong to social groups (student, ethnicity/race, religion, gender, etc.) refers to
Collective/social identity
Personal identity
Relational identity
Interpersonal identity
2
Which is true about the "self"? The "self" ....
is the core of our being that unconsciously affects us
determines the thoughts, feelings, and actions of other people
doesn't change over time
doesn't include our relationships with other people
3
Which theory suggests that humans are aware and terrified of the inevitability of death?
Independent self-construal theory
Terror management theory
Mortality theory
Inevitability theory
4
Wylie's findings that Americans consider themselves as more intelligent and attractive than average is an example of:
Exceeding average effect
Superiority complex
False uniqueness effect
Inferiority complex
5
___ refers to the tendency to agree rather than disagree on questionnaires
Extreme response bias
Acquiescence bias
Reference group effect
Socially desirable responding
6
What did Kleinknecht et al. (1997) find?
No cultural differences in interdependent self-construals
Americans were less interdependent than Japanese
Americans perceive the Gazelle as a baby elephant
Americans are more interdependent than Japanese
7
Emics refer to the processes that are consistent across different cultures
False
True
8
What concept does this cartoon illustrate?
Hindsight bias
Response bias
Recency effect
Primacy effect
9
Hindsight bias is a universal process
False
True
10
_____ refers to differences that do not have the same meaning across cultures
Equivalence
Bias
Tendency
Inequality
11
Hofstede's value dimension of power distance refers to (the):
delayed gratification of needs to achieve power
how threatened feel by ambiguity and uncertainty
how much cultures encourage to accept inequality
distribution of emotional roles between males and females
12
Early CC studies found that collectivistic cultures had higher self-esteem than individualistic cultures
True
False
13
Linkage studies compare cultures on a psychological variable and often expect to find cultural differences
False
True
14
___ test the equivalence of measures for the use in other cross-cultural comparative research.
Indigenous cultural studies
Cross-cultural validation studies
Multilevel comparisons
Cross-cultural comparisons
15
___ studies compare the meaning of constructs, how it's measured, and its relations to other constructs
Ecological-level studies
Structure-oriented studies
Individual-level studies
Level-oriented studies
16
Multilevel studies use data from both individual and ecological levels to examine the relations between these two levels
False
True
17
Time spent traveling abroad is positively related to creativity
False
True
18
Matsumoto et al. (1996) found that more than 70% of Japanese students were classified as collectivists
False
True
19
The degree to which cultures emphasize the legitimacy of pyramidal allocation of fixed roles and resources represents:
Schwartz's intellectual autonomy
Hofstede's uncertainty avoidance
Hofstede's collectivism/individualism
Schwartz's hierarchy
20
Which term describes the tendency to respond in a certain way to items/measures?
Structural bias
Priming bias
Systematic equivalence
Response bias