stud
bud
Sign up
Log in
Home
Library
Explore
SAT
More
PY 425 Trivia Flashcards | StudBud
Explore
/
PY 425 Trivia
PY 425 Trivia
100 terms
·
StudBud Administration
·
47 plays
Fall 2019 PY 425 Trivia, Avila University
Flashcards
100 cards
F
Practice quiz
P
Host live
L
Questions
100
Answers
1
The process of getting information out of memory storage is called:
rehearsal
storage
encoding
retrieval
2
Which of the following items is NOT an example of an analogical representation?
a model airplane
a map
a big boat
a family tree
3
Drugs that block the effects of neurotransmitters by occupying their receptor sites are called:
antagonists
amygdalas
agonists
acetylcholines
4
Which of the following factors is NOT a cause of deindividuation?
group identification
arousal
anonymity
lack of responsibility
5
This type of study can be described as a “study of studies”:
experiment
correlational study
meta-analysis
case studies
6
Cells that fire together,
are named Heather
wire together
tickle a feather
explode
7
Cognitive structures that help us perceive, organize, process, and use information are referred to as:
sensory memory
schemas
working memory
none of the above
8
Conditioned food aversions are especially likely to occur when the stimulus is a(n):
familiar food
sound
unfamiliar food
light
9
A relatively permanent change in behavior that is not due to maturation but is due to experience is called:
behaviorism
learning
habituation
operant shaping
10
What does Piaget call the process of changing or modifying a schema in response to environmental factors?
maturation
accommodation
conservation
assimilation
11
People suffering obsessive-compulsive disorder are:
aware that their obsessions and compulsions are irrational
unaware of the irrationality of their behavior
more likely to be male than female
typically diagnosed with the disorder in early childhood
12
One consequence of suffering from persistent panic attacks is a(n):
decreased risk of other anxiety disorders
increased risk of suicide
increased risk of schizophrenia
decrease in amygdala function
13
The cross-sensory experience of tasting a visual image or seeing particular words in color is called:
perceptual diversity
synaptic transmission
bimodal perception
synesthesia
14
When not active, neurons have a negative electrical charge. This is referred to as:
none of the above
action potential
resting membrane potential
all-or-none principle
15
Trying to remember something by continuously repeating it is called:
acoustic rehearsal
linkage rehearsal
elaborative rehearsal
maintenance rehearsal
16
Behaving in a way that confirms stereotypes is referred to as:
self-fulfilling prophecy
stereotyping
prejudice
discrimination
17
When a researcher manipulates a variable to see what effect the manipulation has on behavior, the design involves:
participant observation
naturalistic observation
an experiment
a correlational study
18
When a researcher joins a social group and talks to members in order to study that group, the approach is referred to as
participant observation
experience sampling
a self-report method
response performance
19
What anxiety disorder is seen as an acquired fear that is out of proportion to the real threat?
panic disorder
a phobia
generalized anxiety disorder
obsessive-compulsive disorder
20
What are the branchlike appendages that detect chemical signals from neighboring neurons?
dendrites
axons
cell bodies
synapses
21
Good clinical interviewers tend to:
have a high IQ
be nonjudgmental and trusting
be those who get the most information from the client
be trained within a particular theoretical position
22
The fact that Little Albert learned fear toward not only a white rat but also a ball of wool and a rabbit represents:
second-order conditioning
reconditioning
discrimination
generalization
23
In the _____, people will be more likely to agree with a small request after they have refused a large request.
door-in-the-face technique
low-balling strategy
foot-in-the-door effect
none of the above
24
In Pavlov’s experiments, what was the conditioned response?
the food
salivation to the metronome
salivation to the food
the sound of the metronome
25
When researchers study multiple groups and report the means for each group, they are reporting:
inferential statistics
median values
variability
descriptive statistics
26
Gottman has found that a marriage that has _____ positive as negative interactions is in good shape.
four times as many
five times as many
three times as many
twice as many
27
The spinal cord is part of the _____ nervous system.
peripheral
sensory
somatic
central
28
When people are aware of being observed, they might change their behaviors. This phenomenon illustrates
variability
reactivity
random assignment
experimenter expectancy
29
What is the developmental stage that occurs from conception to approximately 2 weeks after?
fetus
infant
zygote
embryo
30
Before psychologists can begin a research project, they must receive approval from:
Dr. Phil
the American Psychological Association
the Association of Psychological Science
the institutional review board
31
All of the following are mood disorders EXCEPT:
agoraphobia
dysthymia
bipolar disorder
major depression
32
The memory of your wedding day is an example of a(n):
declarative memory
semantic memory
episodic memory
procedural memory
33
A infant will turn and suck when an object is placed near her mouth. What is this called?
grasping
rooting
orienting
pruning
34
Object permanence is a child’s awareness that:
objects that cannot be seen may be similar to those that can
objects exist even when you cannot see them
the mass of an object does not change when its shape changes
broken objects can be repaired
35
Aggression may be influenced by:
serotonin
all of these
culture
the amygdala
36
When the conditioned response is weakened is no longer presented with the unconditioned stimulus, this is called:
acquisition
spontaneous recovery
reward
extinction
37
When identifying the pool of participants who will be in a research project, psychologists generally use:
random sampling
random assignment
control participants
convenience sampling
38
When a researcher who is collecting data does NOT know a study’s hypothesis, the study is a:
blind study
meta-analytic study
confounded study
reactivity study
39
The current view is that a mental disorder is caused by:
emotions
biological and environmental factors
parent and peer modeling
unconscious conflicts
40
The diathesis-stress model of mental disorders focuses on:
the interaction between parenting style and life stress
stress as the primary cause of mental disorders
the interaction between underlying predispositions and stressors
cultural factors in mental disorders
41
Passionate love is characterized by:
strong commitment to caring for and supporting your partner
intense longing and sexual desire
all of these
evolving in a relationship
42
_____ attitudes influence feelings and behavior on an unconscious level.
neither of these
both of these
Explicit
Implicit
43
Negative feelings, opinions, and beliefs associated with a stereotype are referred to as:
prejudice
none of the above
discrimination
ingroup/outgroup bias
44
The variable that a researcher manipulates in an experiment is called the:
stimulus
dependent variable
independent variable
confounding variable
45
The central route to persuasion is one in which:
the appeal is to the central neurological paths
the argument is directed only at the central point
rational cognitive arguments are used
the most basic and direct arguments are used
46
Women in developing countries (e.g., India) experience more _____ than women in developed countries.
OCD
depression
specific phobias
mania
47
Phenotype refers to the:
results of a genetic mutation
physical or behavioral characteristics actually expressed
genetic information carried by a cell
probability of a gene being expressed
48
Myelin is like the:
insulation of a wire
thermostat of a heater
tuning dial of a radio
layers of a cake
49
An extensive study of a single person or a few people is characteristic of:
self-report research
the scientific method
case studies
psychophysiological measurement
50
In _____, the presence of others may lead to increased arousal and enhanced performance.
deindividuation
social loafing
none of these
social facilitation
51
The gland that controls the release of hormones in the endocrine system is the:
pineal
pituitary
thyroid
adrenal
52
Relationships are promoted by:
which part of the country you live in
work experience
proximity
the amount of money one has
53
Damage to this brain area would have a profound impact on motor learning.
brain stem
cerebellum
Broca's area
cerebral cortex
54
What characteristic makes a psychopathology different from an everyday problem?
treatment options
none of these
severity
causes
55
The strange-situation test was designed to allow psychologists to assess:
how infants respond to separation and reunion with their mothers
an infant’s tendencies to seek or avoid novelty
the level of social skill an infant has acquired
a mother’s response to a fearful infant
56
Which of the following actions is NOT associated with low levels of serotonin in people?
violent behavior in adult males
disruptive behavior in children
criminal behavior in adult males
suicide through violent means
57
A scatterplot is a good graph for showing a:
range
statistic
median
correlation
58
Harlow’s research with infant monkeys demonstrated that:
when fearful, infant monkeys lose their appetites
fear inhibits the development of attachment behaviors
fear can be reduced by food
fear produces a preference for contact comfort over food
59
Receiving a reduced jail sentence for good behavior is a form of:
negative reinforcement
negative punishment
positive reinforcement
positive punishment
60
Learning that takes place in the absence of reinforcement is known as:
latent learning
nonoperant learning
economic learning
cognitive acquisition
61
The more social fears someone with social phobia has, the more likely:
they are to develop depression
they will avoid alcohol or other drugs
they were physically abused
they are to respond quickly to treatment
62
The development of a theory of mind is linked to development in which area of the brain?
cerebellum
amygdala
limbic system
prefrontal region
63
To maximize the change that experimental and control groups are similar before treatment starts, researchers use:
naturalistic observation
random assignment
sampling
participant observation
64
What is the name of the theory that behaviors that lead to rewarded outcomes will be repeated?
the law of conditioning theory
the learning and reward effect
the reward of learning theory
the law of effect
65
Visual acuity reaches adult levels in a child:
by the 1st grade
at approximately 1 year
at about age 10
within weeks after birth
66
The imitation of observed behavior is known as
play learning
yodeling
operant learning
modeling
67
What neuronal process does the NMDA receptor facilitate?
long-term potentiation
protein kinase
influx of calcium in terminals
vesicle release
68
Which of the following terms is used to describe the removal of a stimulus?
negative
positive
punishment
reinforcement
69
Stanley Milgram’s experiment illustrated the phenomenon of:
stereotypes
obedience
resistance
none of these
70
If a researcher wants to judge whether the data from her sample would be like data in the population, she would use:
correlation coefficients
inferential statistics
measures of central tendency
meta-analysis
71
Food is considered a primary reinforcer, while ___ is a secondary reinforcer
none of the above
money
water
sex
72
An afferent neuron carries information:
from the brain to the sense organs
from the sense organs to the brain
regarding emotional events
producing movement
73
If you want to know how far apart scores in a data set tend to be, you could use the:
mode
median
mean
standard deviation
74
The tendency to overemphasize personality and underestimate the situation is referred to as:
fundamental attribution error
actor/observer discrepancy
stereotypes
discrimination
75
The main reason that people make “just-world hypothesis” attributions is that these attributions:
make people feel safer and the world more understandable
ease people's conscience
increase people's self-esteem
let people avoid their own errors
76
From Erikson’s point of view, what is the major goal of development during the adolescent period?
developing an adult identity
resolving the intimacy versus isolation crisis
identifying sexual orientation
learning to deal with sexual issues
77
The mean, median, and mode are all examples of:
measures of central tendency
correlational measures
types of variability
inferential statistics
78
Sources of information who are _____ tend to be the most persuasive.
more sophisticated than the target audience
rational and emotional
strongly partisan
attractive and credible
79
A(n) _____ provides an explanation of how an observable phenomenon works.
none of the above
theory
experiment
hypothesis
80
A critical property of insight is that the solution to the problem:
emerges in a single step
emerges over several steps
develops clear subgoals
has clear subgoals
81
To create hostility and prejudice between two groups of boys for his study, Sherif:
clearly favored one group over the other
started a fight between members of the two groups
had the groups compete with each other
told each group negative things about the other group
82
Chemical substances that carry messages from one neuron to the next are called:
none of the above
agonists
enzymes
neurotransmitters
83
The tendency to make memories consistent with current beliefs is:
confabulation
memory bias
persistence
repressed memories
84
Which of the following two anxiety disorders are most similar?
PTSD and social anxiety disorder
phobias and generalized anxiety disorder
phobias and social anxiety disorder
GAD and PTSD
85
The notion of kin selection argues that we are:
most altruistic toward those who share our genes
most altruistic to relatives because we expect reciprocity
altruistic to our kin group to avoid being ostracized
altruistic to people who give evidence of the best genes
86
Which of the following are symptoms of PTSD?
intrusive thoughts
nightmares
all of these
flashbacks
87
Getting paid monthly is what type of reinforcement schedule?
fixed ratio
variable interval
variable ratio
fixed interval
88
Better memory for items presented at the beginning of a list and at the end of the list is referred to as:
chunking
association network
serial position effect
all of these
89
Processing multiple types of information at the same time is referred to as:
parallel processing
reconsolidation
multitasking
encoding
90
Specific knowledge regarding important events during World War II is an example of:
applying intelligence
crystallized intelligence
generative intelligence
fluid intelligence
91
The correlation between stress and sleep is probably:
positive
pseudonegative
negative
pseudopositive
92
This brain structure is associated with the formation of memories:
hippocampus
hypothalamus
thalamus
amygdala
93
The process by which an environmental stimulus and a behavior are connected is known as:
episodic memory
behavior modification
conditioning
cognition
94
Gambling on a slot machine involves rewards on a ___ schedule.
variable ratio
fixed interval
fixed ratio
variable interval
95
If you list a set of scores from lowest to highest, then take the middle value to indicate what is a typical score, its:
the mean
the mode
the range
the median
96
Which of the following structures is important for experiencing reward?
nucleus accumbens of the cerebral cortex
nucleus accumbens of the basal ganglia
frontal lobe of the basal ganglia
frontal lobe of the cerebral cortex
97
The process by which a person needs more of a drug to achieve the same effect is called:
addiction
tolerance
withdrawal
sensitization
98
Attributions are our attempts to explain:
motives
traits
all of these
preferences
99
The phrase adrenaline rush refers to the action of the neurotransmitter:
serotonin
dopamine
epinephrine
acetylcholine
100
Morphemes are:
sounds that are similar across various languages
the basic sounds of a language
equivalent to syllables
the smallest units of language that have meaning