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Desertification
Desertification
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This is VCE exam revision for the topic Desertification for Unit 34 Geography students
Flashcards
44 cards
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Questions
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Answers
1
What is an anomaly to where desertification is generally happening?
Eastern Brazil because near Antarctica, well below the temperate zone
Eastern Brazil because it is not near a desert and is within the tropics
Southern Brazil because it is not near a desert and is within the tropics
Northern Brazil because it is a forested area in the middle of a desert
2
Mongolia, 2nd largest exporter of cashmere fibre has lost 80% of vegetation cover due to?
desertification
overgrazing
overcultivation
overcropping
3
How much of the world's irrigated land is at risk from salinity?
a third
a half
none
all
4
Define DESERTIFICATION
Loss of previously productive land in certain dryland region
When the environment can no longer support vegetation
misuse of land due to human activ. causing land degradation
Regions of the world climatically zoned as arid, semi arid
5
What drives an increasing need for dryland ecosystems to provide resources?
food risk
rapid population growth
desertification
decreasing population
6
Climate change is_________ cause of desertification
a direct
an important
an indirect
a environmental
7
A main cause of desertification is...
Climate changes (low temperatures )
Loss of vegetation due to wind erosion
Over exposure to rainfall
Unsustainable farming practices (overcultivation)
8
The global response to Desertification was created in ____
1994
1987
2011
There was never one created
9
How effective is The Great Green Wall ?
Effective and sustainable
Somewhat effective
Very effective & sustainable
Moderately effective
10
An economic impact of desertification is..
Poverty = people can't participate In economy
GNI= $400 1981 to $220 by 1985
GNI went down to 50 by 1992
80% of people are poor
11
To meet the demand for food, what are people doing?
stopping climate change
changing the way they farm
increasing the length of fallow period
increasing production in the drylands
12
What is a benefit of the "FMNR" project ?
Crop yields have doubled & restored soil fertility
Farmers don't have to work anymore to produce food
5 million hectares of land regreened
10 million hectares of land regreened
13
2.5 billion people in nearly ___ countries live in _______
50, deserts
500, deserts
100, drylands
50, Africa
14
As well as wood clearing, grazing animals also contributes to the decline in what?
food
forests
vegetation cover
water
15
Niger's local response "FMNR" was implemented in ____
2002
The 1970's
The 1980's
1988
16
Describe a reason for the change occurring in Niger .
Drought = 6 droughts in Niger over last 30 years
50% people involved in crop production = loss of vegetation
Conflict between farmers and pastrolists
Increased levels of cryconite
17
How much of the world can be classified as drylands?
three-quarters
33%
Over 40%
Over 50%
18
Desertification has a _____ spatial association with existing _______
strong, waterways
weak, forests
deserts, weak
strong, deserts
19
Desertification is clustered throughout the temperate area, especially where?
overlapping into the tropics
mid to high latitudes
in Africa
mid to low latitudes
20
What is a benefit of the great green wall?
No new trees are needed
115 Hectares of degraded land is restored in Niger
129 hectares of degraded land is restored in Niger
5 million hectares of land regreened
21
Sahel's population in predicted to triple to 300 million by what year?
2050
2010
2020
2025
22
Describe the nature of the change occurring in Niger
19 hectares of land loss every month due to desertification
Decrease in desertification and land degradation
Ice sheets and glaciers are melting
Increase in desertification and land degradation
23
How many countries are affected by desertification?
169
162
196
200
24
Where is there a high vulnerability to desertification?
drylands
Tasmania
deserts
agriculture areas in the tropical region
25
In order for people to change the way they farm, they are doing what?
continually overcropping
continually overgrazing
All of the above
decreasing the length of fallow (soil resting) period
26
To meet the demand for the food in the Sahelf by 2050, how many hectares will be required?
6 billion
100 thousand
25
120 million
27
Niger's national response - "Great Green Wall initiative of Africa" started in what year?
1994
2015
2011
1985
28
Desertification occurs where?
All continents
All continents except Antarctica
In Africa only
Especially in the Northern Hemisphere
29
Due to ______, the Sahel affected the livelihoods of 20.2 million people in 2014
desertification
loss of vegetation cover
drought
deforestation
30
Over 85% of vulnerable areas are surrounding or adjacent to existing deserts in the temperate zones
Incorrect
Correct
31
Nigers population is currently ____ and will grow to ___by 2050
19 million, 68 million
40 million, 66 million
15 million , 69 million
19 billion, 68 billion
32
The wall is a ___ km wide band of vegetation across ____ sahel countries
11, 20
15, 20
15, 11
20, 15
33
Define DESERTIFICATION
When the environment can no longer support vegetation
misuse of land due to human activ. causing land degradation
Loss of previously productive land in certain dryland region
Regions of the world climatically zoned as arid, semi arid
34
The demand for food in the Sahel region will have increased by ______ by 2050 according to FAO
one/two
120 million
60%
0.5
35
An impact of desertification is....
Sea levels rise
People can migrate
Loss of soil fertility
Loss of biodiversity
36
Across the Sahel region, the population _________ in just ten years from 2000 to 2020
decreased by 10%
doubled by half
increased by 30%
tripled
37
The majority of high risk and vulnerability regions of desertification are clustered throughout the _________ area.
northern
temperate
tropical
southern
38
Overgrazing doesn’t allow sufficent time for what to recover?
soil
tress
animals
plants
39
Which is a direct environmental cause of desertification?
government policies
climate change
increase of population
excessive water
40
UNCCD STANDS FOR
United Nations convention for combating desertification
The UN's county for christening dads
USA's national convention for counteracting desertification
United Nations convention for counteracting desertification
41
An example of desertification having a strong spatial association with deserts is the Sahara desert advancing South
True
Not so true
42
50 to 90 per cent of energy used in Africa is derived from what?
fires
electricity
diesel generators
wood clearing
43
What is a social impact of desertification in Niger?
Disruption of the water cycle
Governments fighting with farmers
5 mill people impacted by good shortage , 10% undernourished
Conflict between herders and pastrolists
44
Deforestation does what (in relation to desertification)?
removes all the trees
contributes to the decline in biodiversity
exposes soils to water erosion
exposes soils to wind erosion
