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World History
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History Review for Chapters One Through Six
Flashcards
168 cards
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Practice quiz
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Questions
168
Answers
1
Developed as a religion more than 3,000 yrs ago in Fertile Crescent based on 1 God & ethics.
Islam
Judaism
2
Pharoahs
North red crowns, South white crowns
needed loyalty of people
Narmer was 1st pharoah to unite
all
3
Nubians adopted from Egyptians
all
traditional Egyptian ways
built temples to gods and saw kings as gods
4
Alphabet comes from
alpha + beta
alpha + delta
5
Importance of burial practices
rituals important part of early culture: beyond survival
all
Ice Age people did bury dead
sign of afterlife
6
Hunter gatherers
harsh lives, had tools
many groups appeared and died out
all
Lucy was one
7
What is jati?
100's today
all
started as occupation/family business
birth group type of caste groupings
8
Sumerian writing
pictographs-> cuneiform
system for keeping records of goods in temple
both
9
Where is Hinduism practiced today?
Bali
all
India, UK, US, Canada
Southeast Asia
10
Used stone seals to identify their goods and accurate weights & measures for trade.
Phoenicians
Sumerians
11
This shows animals important in Indus River Valley
oxen for work
all
drawings on pottery
ate sheep, cattle, chicken and goats
12
A person's duty or what is right for him/her. First rule of Hinduism.
1 and 2
duty of your caste
dharma includes ahimsa
nirvana
13
Priests and kings had a symbiotic relationship, until
kings took over
both divided it all
priests took over
14
True of pharaohs
deserved it all because they controlled Egypt
2 and 3
god king as god controlled them
middle of social pyramid
15
Which is not one of the 3 qualities:
meditation
right action
priesthood
wisdom
16
Book of Joshua
begins with Exodus and goes to time in Promised Land
in the Book of Prophets
both
17
Common between homo sapiens and neanderthals except
buried dead, used fire
lived in same region
one had large brains
made tools, hunted in groups
18
Out of Africa theory
humans started in Africa and migrated out
humans migrated from Africa and replaced other groups
both
19
Moses lived to see the Promised Land with Joshua.
false
true
20
World's oldest dice and first well built sewers were found here.
Indus River Valley
Euphrates River Valley
Nile River Valley
21
True of Abraham except
God entered into a covenant with him
sheep herder
was a descendant of Moses
lived in Ur in 1700 bc
22
Farmers stored surplus grain in granary...
Indus Valley
Japan
China
23
Effects of less farmland for Nubians
had smaller surplus than Egyptians to support cities
all
Depended on Nile, farmed narrow strip of land along it
sometimes short of food, traded Fe, Au with southern Africa
24
Belief that natural world is full of spirits.
2 & 4
animism
pictures of animals were a way to forgive killing them
animationa
25
Excavation site
archaeologists uncover these sites covered in dirt
old settlements: villages, campsites
all
look for artifacts, bones, identify patterns
26
As civilization developed
all
surplus was used to buy from artisans
artists decorated
27
Indo Aryans and Vedic Age:
believed in the Vedas
introduced new social structure and polytheistic religion
both
28
Mysteries of Indus Valley
statues looked like gods from Hinduism or meditation
strong government due to planning of cities and citadel
no obvious temples or priests; can't read symbols
all
29
Last section of Hebrew Bible
Includes psalms, song of songs, proverbs, chronicles(hx)
all
Esther, Ruth, Job
The writings
30
Caste system became more rigid over time and limited freedoms but some think it helped.
true
false
31
Bones tell us size and structure of body but teeth do not tell us the kind of food they ate.
false
true
32
True of Neolithic Age
2 and 4
hunter gatherers with primitive stone tools
more efficient tools
Lasted 2000-4000 years: Agricultural Revolution
33
Cattle overgrazing or foreign invaders may have led to disappearance of Indus River Valley.
True
False
34
8 fold path
all
lead to 3 equalities
wisdom, right action, meditation
35
Phoenecians
dominated Mediterranean sea trade like the Minoans
Skilled navigators, ships sailed or use oars
city states along modern Lebanon
all
36
Phoenecians
pottery, glass, metal, wood traded for imports
cloth from purple sea snails sold for high prices
all
slopes left little flat land for planting
37
Hammurabi's Code
were all new
some 300 laws: crimes, marriages, worse if hurt class above
set of laws in Babylon
1 and 2
38
Liberation is the final goal of Hinduism when soul becomes one with Brahman.
moksha
karma
39
What did the people of the Indian subcontinent depend on for their agriculture?
winter monsoons
summer monsoons came from the ocean
40
Israelites
on journey in desert fought harsh conditions & people
God gave food and H2O from heaven
Both
41
Nile River silt
deposited at delta in Lower Egypt
deposited at delta in Upper Egypt
42
Caste system
inherited from parents & you stayed there
all
fixed social class you are born into, social system in India
don't mix socially across lines
43
Avoiding doing harm to any living thing and part of dharma.
hummus
ahimsa
ahumsa
44
True of traditional economy:
people make economic decisions based on customs, habits
all
meet need with hunting & gathering as ancestors did
don't want to change way of life, livestock herders in Niger
45
Spread of Buddhism
more than 2.2 million in USA
all
India, Sri Lanka, Central and East Asia
monasteries (study, meditate) & missionaries
46
The Promised Land is
Israel
Canan
Palestine
47
Egyptian medical knowledge included advances in anatomy and mummification.
skilled surgeons
all
effective medicines
tools and study of diseases
48
Pharaoh relied on bureaucracy
Took some, rest for pharaoh, priests, artisans and merchants
all
vizer was head of this
collected taxes in form of surplus crops
49
In Lower Egypt, the Nile fans out into marshy areas and streams dropping silt
False
True
50
Not true of Neanderthals
made art & music
short, sturdy skeletons
appeared 200,000 years ago
simple burial practices
51
The Nile River:
1 & 2
flows through Sahara with 6 cataracts
could travel North on ships
2 rivers meet in Sudan (Nubia, Kush)
52
Focuses on the wisdom of the Buddha:
Theravada
Mahayana
Hinduism
Judaism
53
Who are the Pharaohs?
Carter and Sadie
Tut and Cleopatra
Osiris and Bast
Hatsheput and Ramses II
54
Aryans
all
still warriors on 2 wheel chariots and using iron tools
nomadic cattle herders later also farming
loved music & dance, chariot racing
55
Are you ready for the test?
Yes
all
Yes
Yes
56
3 basic questions about economy:
all
who uses these goods & services
what goods and services should be produced
how should they be produced
57
Manages societies resources for survival of its members.
a role of government
both
includes forming an army
58
Indo Aryans theories of origin:
could have been original inhabitants
all
horse raising nomads migrating into India
invaded Indus Valley from mountains
59
Nebuchadnezzer
Old babylonian empire
Neo babylonian empire emerged
60
Not a type of economy
traditional
unmixed
market
command
61
Assyrians learned iron working from Hittites.
true
false
62
Other places cave paintings found
Sahara
France
all
Spain
63
Cave paintings do not show Stone Age peoples were capable of complex thoughts and actions.
True
False
64
What are the Vedas?
passed down for 1000 yrs by word of mouth in Sanskrit
all
call on people to offer milk,barley,butter to gods
priests memorized/sang verses in ceremonies
65
Economy
all
system used to produce and distribute goods & services
study of how people meet wants and needs
66
Judeo Christianity
set of values shared by Judaism and Christianity
basis of modern societies with rights, justice and responsi
both
67
Mary Leaky oversight excavation in 1960 in Tanzania.
True
False
68
In addition to, all of life involves suffering the 4 noble truths include all except:
2) only top caste can reach nirvana
2) wanting for yourself causes suffering, selfish desires
4) follow 8 fold path
3) give up all selfish desires
69
True of scribes
kept records
above bureaucrats
70
True of artisans
painters, stonecutters & builders
working on temples & tombs
middle class
all
71
Aryans spilled into Ganges Plain over 100's of years.
republics made decisions in assemblies then kings in 500 bc
clans made republics
all
clans with chiefs
72
Specialization
can trade goods for surplus food of farmers ->social differ
tool axes, knives; potters-clay;weavers-clothes; metal work
all
people spend most of time working at single job or craft
73
True of Prophets
all
a person believed to be chosen by God as a messenger
preachers, poets, and reformers
chapter of Hebrew Bible following torah
74
Focuses on Buddha's compassion:
greatest achievement: returning from nirvana to share
China, Japan, Mongolia, Koreas, Bhutan
Mahayan a Buddhism
all
75
Not true of Torah
first 5 books of Old Testament of Christians
first 5 books of Hebrew Bible
describes origins of Jews
must be memorized word for word
76
The law of karma
all
good karma=rebirth higher caste
determines your rebirth
bad karma=rebirth in lower caste or as an animal
77
Determining age of fossils & prehistoric objects
radioactive Carbon 14 dating
similar layers of rock & soil (lower layers older)-geologist
all
compare artifacts and now DNA testing
78
A narrow strip of fertile soil lines both sides of Nile.
heavy rainfall in summer in East would then leave fertile
all
Egypt is called Kemet or black land
vast deserts on either side
79
Pharaohs
dynasty usually passed along families
old kingdom: prosperity, poli strength, culture achievements
all
mid kingdom: canals, irrigation
80
Disappearance of Indus Valley
all
standing H2O in drains-mosquitos
forests stripped- no wood for building or cover
Around 1700 BC people abandoned cities, civi declined
81
Market economy
individuals decide what is produced
all
USA example
capitalism
82
As herds improve, surplus occurs leading to specialization.
true
false
83
Babylon is modern day
New Delhi
Baghdad
84
Why did artists create paintings on walls of pyramid?
to provide buried with objects & pleasures shown on the wall
For decoration
85
command or central economy
government makes all economic decisions
free market
86
Sign of a complex culture
all
cave paintings 16,0000 years ago
4 teens & dog in Lascou, France in 1940's
bulls, horses, bison...human figures, abstract designs
87
After how many years did Buddha realize self denial to extremes was not the path to truth.
6 years and 49 days/nights under Bodi tree
2
30
20
88
True of Hammurabi
ruled for 30 years and built an army
after destruction of Ur, he made Babylon a new empire
did not oversee public projects
military leader, strong govt, sent governors
89
Diaspora
Started with Babylonian conquest
changed worship, synagogues important
all
Communities of Jews livin outside homeland: Asia, Iran, Egyp
90
Jate is an occupation based caste begun as extended family as occupation.
True
False
91
Buddha
did not accept caste system
both
did not believe in a god
92
Buddha believed in following this way:
supreme
middle
93
Babylonian artists
gold and bronze sculptures
precious jewels
both
94
First major attempt to establish and enforce the rule of law
key concept in democratic principles
all members, even rich, must obey the law
Hamurabi code
same
95
True of Nile River
world's longest river: 3,500 miles ends in Medit Sea
Egyptian civilization arose in the fertile valley
all
White Nile from Victoria and Blue Nile from Ethiopia
96
The Indus Valley civilization had advanced system of weigh & measurements of 10, metric system.
False
True
97
Name of Mary Leakey's man
homo habilis
homo computeris
homo sapien
98
True about Indus Valley
2500 BC had advanced civilization
1700 BC they appeared
7000 BC farmers started growing crops near valley
1 and 2
99
How was Sumer conquered?
Babylonians took over
fighting among city states made them weaker
100
Found in Olduvai Gorge in Tanzania
Mr. Clean
Lucy
Elvis
Elf
101
Assyrians had
provinces with governors
both
Asherbanipal made a great library
102
Experts in navigation: wind patterns, ocean currents, North Star
Babylonians
Phoenecians
103
Priests in Sumer
all
part of social order of 3 classes
Upper class: rulers, priests, landown, merchants, officials
polytheists: keep gods happy to prosper
104
She married a Persian king.
Naomi
Esther
Ruth
105
Tools and crops improve, so people can build up
surplus
shortage
106
Why would people domesticate animals?
help with protection & companionship
makes them useful for humans: smaller, meat, eggs, milk
all
work animals, clothing (silkworm)
107
Wealthy Egyptians were mummified, poor people were left to dry in the desert.
False
True
108
Mesopotamians built walls to trap floodwaters to soak into soil and grow grains.
true
false
109
Meeting places for the Jews.
synagogue
temple
110
True of the Book of the Dead
collection of spells,prayer,drawing buried with their dead
all of the above
help dead find happiness in afterlife, includes tale Sinuhe
famous Egyptian guide for dead souls
111
Phoenecians
city states and assemblies
origins in Canaan
all
society emerged in 1150 bc
112
New Kingdom of Egypt:
highpoint of prosperity and power
conquered Asia and Africa
all
conquered by Persia and Alex the Great
113
Phoenecian colonies and city states
Romans took over
all
Assyrians attacked in 800 bc and they went to city states
harbors at first->fertile land led to settlements ->colonies
114
Nile flows upstream from Mediterranean in a narrow valley lined with cliffs.
True
False
115
Upanishads
all
all gods are forms of brahman (vishnu,krishna,sheva,shakti)
one god known as Brahman and all have soul(form of Brahman)
writings of gurus
116
Archaeologists
look for fossils
study prehistory (no writing)
all
excavate
117
Hindu gurus believe life is cycle of birth, death and rebirth.
True
False
118
Bottom of social pyramid:
all
farmers, servants and slaves
farmers 1/2 year, laborers 1/2 year in service to pharaoh
slaves prisoners of war or debtors
119
What did people need to have a surplus of food?
Neolithic age: farm and settle in one place
agricultural revolution with domesticated animals & plants
tools of iron and bronze
all
120
After Joshua died
do not pass on leadership to descendants
were warriors or prophets
Judges took over
all
121
City states
each had own govt, laws & main god
all
each was a center of trade
independent state including a city & surrounding territory
122
Indus River
flows across South Asia
1 and 2
by 3000 BC cities unraveled as populations grew b/c surplus
are dry most of year, flooding left fertile soil
123
Sold teak
Indus valley from tree only found there
all over Europe
124
There are 3 paths to moksha:
1)knowledge chosen by brahmans-true understanding of soul
all
2)works: carrying out religious duties-offer food & prayers
3)way of devotion:say name of god, travel to sacred sites
125
True of Phoenecians:
trade routes from E ended here
imports: jewels, Au, Ag, tin, Cu, Fe, ivory
exports: oil, fish, cedar, bowls, tools, salt, wine
all
126
What is a granary?
both
place to store & protect surplus in Indus Valley
a special building used to hold grain
127
Government
one of 8 basic features of civilizations
both
group of people with power to make and enforce laws
128
Who was Sargon?
all
Arcadian who conquered Sumer (similar-used Cuneiform)
King of Sumerian city state called Kish
changed language, daughter high priestess of UR
129
May have been the first to grow cotton for cloth.
Indus River
Nile River
Sudan
130
Who was Siddharta Ghatama?
all
info passed down by stories
born a prince and prophesy of being a wandering holy man
Buddha
131
Exodus
commemorated on Passover
escape of Israelites from Egypt
all
Sinai for 40 years received instruction on worship & reli ob
132
True of Egyptian calendar
used to help with record keeping
need same # days/year: solar calendar of 365 days
all
added leap years in 200 bc's b/c seasons shifted slowly
133
In upper Egypt, silt from sources in E Africa make Nile valley fertile.
false
True
134
The tribes descended from Jacob's son settled in different areas.
true
false
135
Egyptians created glass, mortar, cosmetics as chemical achievements.
true
false
136
Jacob moved from Canaan to Egypt
all
due to famine
Described in Genesis
grain in Egypt
137
Jate is divided as:
2. Kshatriyas-rulers, warriors
all
1.Priests were highest
3.Baishyas-land/bankowners, merchants
138
Civilization develops:
both
growing grains, leading to surplus
7,000 years ago in Mesopotamia
139
Used North Star to calculate their positions.
False
True
140
Blissful peace without desire or suffering
reached after 8 steps
nirvana
no rebirth
all
141
Mixed economy
Cuba and Korea
US and Australia
142
In Hinduism, the effect of people's actions in this and previous lives.
karma
dharma
143
Wise people emerged 100,000 yrs ago tall, lean and had complex language.
homo sapien
neanderthal
144
Significance of steady food supply in Sumerian city-states
3400 BC cities formed in southern mesopotamia
dependable food supply-> population grew
both
145
Indus River valley promoted health
Indoor toilets and sewer
all
trash chutes with bins in streets
wide city streets in grid pattern
146
Ramses was known for:
all
great builder of monuments
made peace with Hittites
being warlike fighting in Fertile Crescent
147
During this time tools are streamlined, larger animals hunted, fire frees from climate and sun.
true
false
148
Paleolithic= Greek for old + stone
all
tools: cut food,chop small trees, scrape skins
2.5 million to 10,000 years ago
early humans made tools of stone at 1st simple
149
Hunter gatherers
groups of 10-12 adults with kids
all
nomads
boys hunted; girls fruits, nuts, herbs, fish, lizards
150
Alphabet
all
22 symbols= consonant
writing much easier for trade greeks added vowels
cuneiform 100's of symbols
151
In modern India, treating dalit badly is ilegal.
false
true
152
Around 5000 BC Indians learned art of writing, best known Veda is
praises Arian gods & goddessses
Rig Veda
both
153
Caste grouping below the sudra:
Dalit were toilet cleaners and animal butchers
untouchable because made higher varna unclean
both
154
Only female judge
Ruth
Esther
Devorah
Deborah
155
Not true of Egyptian calendars
measured time based on moon, 354 days
wanted to link calendar to seasons for planting & harvesting
later based on Sirius
seasons would run behind on lunar calendar
156
Egyptian advances included:
all
math: pyramids, geo, arith
astronomy: calendars
engineering: pyramids, complex irrigation systems
157
True of bureaucrats
below pharaoh in pyramids
included nobles, priests, officials
1 and 2
could become pharaoh if elected
158
handy man
homo habilis made & used tools
homo sapiens made & used tools
159
Egyptian afterlife
2nd: preserve bods so spirit could recognize as a home
like Osiris people could have life after death
all
1st: live good life; sinful destroyed
160
Spread of Hinduism
traders carried it to other areas
no attendance at religious services-shrine, temples
all
flexibility
161
What was Hatshepsut known for?
one of only female pharaohs
1 and 3
Negotiating and wearing a fake beard
Warlike
162
Culture diffusion
Assyrians took over Phoenecians
Greeks and Romans took over Phoenecians
163
Why were Assyrians good fighters:
had iron weapons
fought many invaders who conquered them
had cavalry
all
164
Relief sculpture
famous eg: Stele of Hammurabi
scene sticks out of base material
all
may be found on a stele
165
Not a feature of early civilization
arts & architecture, writing
job specialization, social classes, public works
high fashion
government, established religion, cities
166
Time of Judges end when
David became king
Saul became king
Solomon became king
167
Only homo sapiens not neanderthals except
used fire
complex burial practices
made art & music
complex language
168
In Jati, sudra were farmers, and servants and were twice born.
false
true
