Cells and Systems Topic 3 Review

Question 1

Cells in the blood that help stop the bleeding at cuts:

Accepted Answer

platelets

Question 2

Specialized cells of the nervous systems are called:

Accepted Answer

neurons

Question 3

Small finger-like projections in the small intestine that absorb nutrients into the blood:

Accepted Answer

villi

Question 4

Specialized structures in the lung (air sacs surrounded by capillaries) used for gas exchange.

Accepted Answer

alveoli

Question 5

The chamber of the heart that receives blood high in carbon dioxide from the body:

Accepted Answer

right atrium

Question 6

The central nervous system is made up of :

Accepted Answer

the brain and spinal cord

Question 7

Large, thick walled blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart:

Accepted Answer

arteries

Question 8

The site where protein is first digested is the:

Accepted Answer

stomach

Question 9

The waste product carbon dioxide is removed from the body by the

Accepted Answer

lungs

Question 10

The role of the red blood cells in your blood is to:

Accepted Answer

carry oxygen to cells.

Question 11

The waste product urea is removed from the blood by the

Accepted Answer

kidneys

Question 12

A neuron that connects one neuron to another:

Accepted Answer

interneuron

Question 13

In the lungs, oxygen and carbon dioxide move into and out of the bloodstream by

Accepted Answer

diffusion

Question 14

Small branches of the neuron that receive messages are called:

Accepted Answer

dendrites

Question 15

An automatic response by the nervous system to an external stimuli is a:

Accepted Answer

reflex

Question 16

The body system mainly responsible for removing wastes from the body:

Accepted Answer

excretory system

Question 17

Neurons that carry information from the body to the central nervous system:

Accepted Answer

Sensory neurons

Question 18

The waste product ammonia is highly toxic and is gotten rid of from the blood by the

Accepted Answer

liver

Question 19

The passageways that lead from the trachea to each lung are the

Accepted Answer

bronchi

Question 20

The role of the pancreas in digestion is to:

Accepted Answer

send digestive enzymes to the small intestine.

Question 21

Special chemicals produced by the body to breakdown food during digestion are called:

Accepted Answer

enzymes

Question 22

The human body system responsible for transporting oxygen and nutrients to body cells:

Accepted Answer

Circulatory system

Question 23

Sweat glands are found in the

Accepted Answer

skin

Question 24

The top two chambers of the human heart are the

Accepted Answer

atria

Question 25

Long tubes that connect the kidneys to the urinary bladder:

Accepted Answer

ureters

Question 26

The physical breakdown of food into very small pieces is called:

Accepted Answer

Mechanical digestion

Question 27

The main organ of the excretory system is the:

Accepted Answer

kidney

Question 28

The chamber of the heart that receives oxygen rich blood from the lungs:

Accepted Answer

left atrium

Question 29

Specialized structures in the kidney that filter the blood of wastes:

Accepted Answer

nephrons

Question 30

Liquid portion of the blood:

Accepted Answer

plasma

Question 31

Patients with protein in their urine may have:

Accepted Answer

kidney failure

Question 32

The main function of the gall bladder is to

Accepted Answer

store bile.

Question 33

The windpipe leads from the mouth to the lungs and is also called the

Accepted Answer

trachea

Question 34

Large muscle located beneath the rib cage that controls breathing:

Accepted Answer

diaphragm

Question 35

A process that removes wastes from the blood using a machine:

Accepted Answer

dialysis

Question 36

Why does the human body need oxygen?

Accepted Answer

to help burn nutrients to release energy.

Question 37

Also known as the food tube, it moves food to the stomach from the mouth.

Accepted Answer

esophagus

Question 38

The breakdown of carbohydrates in the body begins in the:

Accepted Answer

mouth

Question 39

The main function of the large intestine is to:

Accepted Answer

reabsorb water

Question 40

The heart is the major organ of this human body system:

Accepted Answer

circulatory system

Question 41

Body actions like heartbeat, breathing, and blinking are controlled by:

Accepted Answer

Autonomic nervous system

Question 42

Salivary glands are part of the

Accepted Answer

Digestive system

Question 43

The stomach walls are protected from hydrochloric acid by:

Accepted Answer

mucus

Question 44

A long extension of a neuron that carries messages away from the cell body:

Accepted Answer

axon

Question 45

The liver gets rid of ammonia in the body by converting it to a less harmful waste called:

Accepted Answer

urea

Question 46

The role of the spinal cord is to:

Accepted Answer

connect the brain to the peripheral nervous system.

Question 47

Capillaries are specialized for diffusion because they are narrow and

Accepted Answer

only 1 cell layer thick.

Question 48

Fat digestion occurs in the:

Accepted Answer

small intestine

Question 49

Largest artery in the body:

Accepted Answer

Aorta

Question 50

The main function of the respiratory system is to

Accepted Answer

supply blood with oxygen while removing carbon dioxide.

Cells and Systems Topic 3 Review

Questions 50

Cells and Systems Topic 3 Review

Questions 50