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Ch. 12 Basics of Chemistry Flashcards | StudBud
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Ch. 12 Basics of Chemistry
Ch. 12 Basics of Chemistry
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1
A stable physical mixture of two or more substances in a solvent is a(n) _____.
blend
emulsion
solution
solute
2
Substances that allow oil and water to mix, or emulsify, are _____.
surfactants
suspensions
particles
mixtures
3
An atom or molecule that carries an electrical charge is a(n) _____.
conductor
ion
current
electrolyte
4
A characteristic of all inorganic substances is that they _____.
contain hydrogen
burn easily
lack carbon
are derived from living things
5
Being “capable of combining with or attracting water (water-loving)” is defined as _____.
acidophilic
lipophilic
hydrophilic
halophilic
6
An unstable physical mixture of two or more immiscible substances is a(n) _____.
suspension
emulsion
solution
synthesis
7
“Having an affinity or attraction to fat and oils (oil-loving)” is defined as _____.
oxyphilic
oligophilic
lyophilic
lipophilic
8
The basic unit of matter, with a nucleus at the center.
ion
neutron
atom
proton
9
The simplest form of chemical matter that cannot be broken down without the loss of identity is
substance
element
energy
mineral
10
A sweet, colorless, oily substance that is used as a moisturizer in skin and body creams is ___
glycerin
ammonia
alkanolamines
silicone
11
The branch of science that applies to substances that contain carbon is called _____ chemistry.
structural
organic
environmental
inorganic
12
All haircolor products are organic chemicals, which means they _____.
lack carbon but may contain hydrogen
contain non-synthetic ingredients
are natural and healthy
contain carbon and hydrogen
13
A common volatile organic compound used in hair spray is _____.
ionized water
ethyl alcohol
hydrogen peroxide
ammonia water
14
Sodium chloride is an example of a(n) _____.
compound molecule
element
atom
mineral
15
A substance, usually liquid, that dissolves another substance to form a solution is a(n) _____.
solid
solvent
immiscible
solute
16
Water and alcohol _____.
are insoluble substances
form distinct layers when combined
form a suspension when mixed together
are examples of miscible liquids
17
Air contains many substances, including nitrogen, carbon dioxide, and water vapor. Air is a ___
pure substance
chemical change
physical mixture
chemical compound
18
The study of substances that lack the element carbon, but may contain the element hydrogen?
Physical chemistry
Stereochemistry
Inorganic chemistry
Biochemistry
19
What is an example of an oil-in-water emulsion of two immiscible liquids?
Nail primer
Glycerin
Cold cream
Silicone
20
What state of matter has a definite volume but takes the shape of its container?
Vapor
Liquid
Solid
Gas
21
Chemical reaction results in the oxidizing agent being reduced / reducing agent being oxidized?
Neutralization
Redox
Simple displacement
Decomposition
22
Mutually soluble liquids that can be mixed together to form clear solutions are _____.
solvents
miscible
compatible
fusible
23
There are ___ naturally occurring elements.
68
98
138
118
24
Chemically combining two or more atoms produces a _____.
miscible
molecule
mixture
substance
25
Chemical reactions that are characterized by giving off heat are _____.
exothermic
neutralized
acidic
oxidized
26
The chemical combination of two or more atoms of different elements produces a(n) _____
acid
solution
compound
neutral
27
The oxidation of haircolor is an example of a _____.
physical change
change in the state of matter
reversible process
chemical change
28
The rapid oxidation of a substance, accompanied by the production of heat and light is known as
implosion
entropy
synthesis
combustion
29
What is an example of a chemical property?
Ability to rust
Boiling point
Solubility
Density
30
What term refers to the separation of an atom or molecule into positive and negative ions?
Deionization
Ionization
Aeration
Dissolution
31
Substances used to neutralize acids or raise the pH of many hair products are _____.
alkanolamines
carbons
silicones
volatile alcohols
32
What is an example of an ammonia compound that is used to perform chemical services in a salon?
Cetyl alcohol
Ionization hydroxide
Silicone solutions
Ammonium hydroxide
33
A solution with a pH value of seven indicates a(n) _____ solution.
acidic
alkaline
neutral
volatile
34
An ion with a positive electrical charge is considered to be _____.
an anion
a cation
neutral
nonaqueous
35
Change in the form of a substance that does not cause a chemical reaction is a(n) _____ change.
matter
physical
chemical
anion
36
A chemical combination of matter in definite (fixed) proportions is a _____.
physical blend
pure combination
pure substance
physical mixture