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Physical Science Final Review
Physical Science Final Review
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1
Which two divisions of science are branches of physical science?
biology and chemistry
physics and social science
chemistry and physics
life science and earth science
2
A chemical bond between two nonmetals with similar electronegativity would likely be a(n) _________ bond.
covalent
metallic
ionic
nonpolar
3
The electronegativities of the elements in an ionic bond tend to be ____________.
similar and low
very different
similar and high
equal
4
When does an extreme pogo stunt performer reach his maximum gravitational potential?
when his stick's cylinder is at its maximum compression
at the top of his jump
at the halfway point of his rebound
at his fastest descent
5
What ratio of ammonium (NH
4
+
) to chlorine (Cl
-
) ions would you expect to find in ammonium chloride?
1:4
4:1
1:1
1:2
6
Which of the following is not a way that an ion can be formed?
An atom can lose electrons.
An atom can lose a neutron.
An atom can gain extra electrons.
All of the above lead to ion formation.
7
Scientist who though of indivisible "atomos"
Democritus
Rutherford
Bohr
Dalton
8
Which process allows other scientists to review and assess research prior to publication?
peer review
analysis
investigation
posing questions
9
Which of the following is a nonrenewable energy resource?
wood
wind
water
natural gas
10
Which object remains in its current state unless acted upon by a net external force?
an object with constant velocity
all of the above
an object at rest
an object in motion
11
Which of the following is not a true statement about physical science models?
They should help scientists understand and communicate phenomena.
They are workable explanations or descriptions of phenomena.
They include theories and laws.
They must be complete and should not change.
12
The modern periodic table has _______ periods and ________ groups.
eighteen; seven
seven; eighteen
three; eight
eight; three
13
The modern periodic table arranges elements according to _________.
the lements' atomic masses
the elements' atomic numbers
triads
the law of actaves
14
What kind of reaction is HCl + KOH → H
2
O + KCl
synthesis
decomposition
single-replacement
double-replacment
15
Which statement concerning a normal force is not true?
The normal force is always an upward force.
The normal force is part of an action-reaction pair.
The normal froce is a contact force.
the normal force is always perpendicular to the surface of contact.
16
Atoms consist of all the following except ___________.
neutrons
protons
eelctrons
molecules
17
Which of the following is not an evidence for the particle model of matter?
Diffusion
The law of definite proportions
Brownian motion
Aristotle's divisible continuum of matter
18
What is the correct name for a compound of the acetate ion (C
2
H
3
O
2
-
) and sodium (Na)?
sodium (I) acetate
monosodium acetyl acid
acetyl monosodium
sodium acetate
19
What is the SI unit of work?
watt
joule
newton
horsepower
20
Presently, over 85% of the world's energy demands are being met by ________.
nuclear energy
nonrenewable energy resources
solar energy
renewable energy resources
21
What is force?
the motion of objects
a push or pull on an object
the resistance of two objects when they touch each other
a collision of two objects
22
What kind of reaction is Ba + 2HCl → BaCl
2
+ H
2
double-replacement
single-replacement
synthesis
Decomposition
23
Which of the following is a weighted average?
atomic number
non of the above
atomic mass
mass number
24
Scientist who developed the plum model.
Dalton
Bohr
Thomson
Democritus
25
Amino acids link together to form which polymer?
a nucleic acid
a lipid
a protein
a carbohydrate
26
How many moles of ammonia are produced by the following reaction: N
2
+ 3H
2
→ 2NH
3
3
1
6
2
27
Scientist who believed the electrons move through spherical regions located a fixed distance from the nucleus.
Rutherford
Bohr
Thomson
Democritus
28
Which system would be the most useful to analyze the motion of a ride at a theme park?
all the people on all the rides in the aprk
An airplane flying over the aprk
all objects in motion in the entire park
a roller coaster car and its passenger
29
How many valence electrons does silicon (Group 14) have?
three
six
four
fourteen
30
Copper-63 and copper-65 can never have the same number of ________.
protons
neutrons
all of the above
electrons
31
Two atoms that share electrons form a(n) ____________ bond.
covalent
polar
metallic
ionic
32
Whose discoveries led to organizing the periodic table using atomic number rather than atomic mass?
Dobereiner
Newlands
Moseley
Mendeleev
33
What is a mole?
a ratio
a mass
a quantity
an equation
34
With which of these statements would John Dalton have disagreed?
Atoms can be divided into protons, neutrons, and electrons.
Atoms cannot be created or destroyed in chemical reactions.
Elements are made only of atoms.
Atoms of an element are all alike.
35
Smaller molecules, __________, are linked together to form __________.
polymers; monomers
macromers; polymers
monomers; macromers
monomers; polymers
36
Which element could have an electron dot notation with 5 dots.
phosphous
sulfur
aluminum
silicon
37
Scientist who first suggested that elements are made of atoms and that the atoms of an element are all alike.
Nagaoka
Dalton
Democritus
Thomson
38
Which of the following is not true regarding chemical bonds? "Chemical bonds (can) form ..."
compounds that are less stable than the individual atoms involved.
when atoms share electrons
when atoms gain or lose electrons
when electrostatic attractions hold atoms together.
39
What is the family name for the group containing chlorine?
mixed group
noble gases
alkaline-earth metals
halogens
40
Vaporization happens when liquid particles _________ energy.
lose
neither
gain
both
41
A dog pulls his leash 95 N to the left. You pull in the opposite direction with a force of 136N. Find Net force.
150 N to the right
40 N to the left
150 N to the elft
40 N to the right
42
Which group of substituted hydrocarbons has a hydroxyl group?
alkyl halides
aldehydes
alcohols
ketones
43
The properties of water are different from the properties of hydrogen and oxygen because ...
chemical bonding changes the proeprties
water is a pure nonreactive element.
they consist of different elements.
hydrogen and oxygen are a gas, and water cannot be a gas.
44
Potassium-39 and potassium-41 always have the same of _________.
all of the above
protons
electrons
neutrons
45
The key feature of a decomposition reaction is that ...
two compounds swap ions, producing two new compound
both reactants and products include an element and a compound
two or more reactants become a single product
a single reactant becomes two or more products
46
A plate of cookies would best be described as having __________ energy.
kinetic
elastic potential
gravitational potential
chemical potential
47
Driving a car 100 m requires the same amount of __________ as pushing it 100 m by hand.
work
power and enrgy
power
time
48
Without air resistance, an object with projectile motion moves along a _________.
circle
line
parabola
hyperbola
49
Which of the following is not part of an element's electron dot notation?
all of the above are part of an element's electron dot notation
the elment's chemical symbol
the number of its protons
the number of its valence electrons
50
Hydrocarbons are compounds made of carbon and __________.
oxygen
hydrogen
either hydrogen, oxygen, or a halogen
water
51
Which family consists of elements in Group 1?
alkali metals
noble gases
metalloids
alkaline-earth metals
52
Scientists who developed the nuclear model.
Dalton
Rutherford
Thomson
Bohr
53
Which of the following best describes metallic bonds?
metal atoms attracting their sea of shared electrons
metal molecules having an unequal distribution of electric charge
two metals with opposite electrical charges attracting each other
two metal atoms sharing electrons in order to become stable
54
How would a highly conductive, malleable, and lustrous solid most likely be classified?
as a nonmetal
as none of the above
as a metal
as a metalloid
55
The state of matter of a substance is an example of _________.
a chemical property
neither
both
a physical property
56
Scientist who discovered electrons using Crooks tubes (Cathode ray).
Bohr
Rutherford
Thomson
Dalton
57
Which of the following is not a question that should guide Christians in making ethical decisions?
How can I grow through this decision?
What will provide meaning and well-being to my existence?
What results are right?
What does God's Word say?
58
Why is an orderly approach to scientific investigation so important?
Scientific measurement must never have any uncertainty.
Scientific models must be perfect or they are useless.
Science has no purpose outside of the scientific method.
Scientists must be accurate in collecting, analyzing + reporting findings
59
What is the acceleration for objects in free fall near the surface of the earth?
9.81 m/s2
19.62 m/s2
32.12 m/s2
58.8 m/s2
60
Which state of matter has low compressibility, a fixed volume, and is a fluid?
plasma
solid
gas
liquid
61
What kind of reaction occurs when water breaks up into hydrogen and oxygen gas?
decompostion
single-replacement
synthesis
double-replacement
62
Saturated hydrocarbons have __________.
at least one multiple bond
both
only single bonds
neither
63
The SI unit of energy is __________.
the newton
the joule
the watt
kg\frac{m}{s}
64
Select the correct conversion for converting meters into centimeters.
\frac{100cm}{1m}
\frac{10cm}{1m}
\frac{1cm}{100m}
\frac{1cm}{10m}
65
What scenario demonstrates Newton's 3rd law of motion?
You push a 30 kg door with a force of 3 N and the door accelerates
you push a 30 kg door with a force of 3 N and it remains at rest
You push a 30 kg door with a force of 3 N and it opens
You push a 30 kg door with a force of 3 N and it exerts 3 N back at you
66
How is a substituted hydrocarbon different from a hydrocarbon?
It has a different atom or group of atoms in place of a hydrogen.
It has at least one double or triple bond with a carbon atom.
It has a different atom or group of atoms in place of a carbon.
It has a different arrangement of the same number of hydrogen atoms.
67
Pure water, H
2
O, is classified as which kind of substance?
a heterogeneous mixture
a compound
an element
a homogenous mixture
68
An anion has more _________ than __________.
electrons; protons
neutrons; protons
protons; electrons
electrons; neutrons
69
The octet rule states that atoms are generally most stable when ...
they have eight electrons in their valence energy level
they combine with other elements to from compounds
they lose all their valence electrons
eight atoms form ring-shaped molecules
70
Which of the following scientists demonstrated that fire could not be an element?
Dobereiner
Berzelius
Boyle
Lavoisier
71
Who recognized groups of three elements with similar properties?
Lavoisier
Dobereiner
Berzelius
Mendeleev
72
Glucose, sucrose, and fructose are all examples of __________.
lipids
proteins
nucleic acids
carbohydrates
73
What state was the first to ratify the U.S. Constitution?
Delaware
New York
Massachusetts
Pennsylvania
74
What determines the state of matter of a substance at a given temperature - the relationship between the ...
compressibility of the particles + the repeating pattern of those particles
kinetic energy of the particles and the density of the substance
kinetic energy of the particles + the attractive forces of those particles
compressibility of the particles and the free electrons
75
The SI unit for electric current is the ______.
ampere
second
candela
kelvin
76
Which portion of the graph shows the activation energy?
2
Answer not present.
3
1
77
Which state of matter has a fixed shape?
liquid
plasma
gas
solid
