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Paper 2 Definitions

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1
What is serial data transmission?
Compressed signal sent once
Multiple bits sent over different lines
Data split into packets
Single bits sent one after another
2
What is normalisation?
Converting to CSV
Adding indexes
Removing redundancy from data
Encrypting table data
3
What is the role of a server?
Routes packets
Handles IP assignments
Encrypts user data
Provides shared resources to clients
4
What is Web 2.0?
Encryption layer
Internet-based software services
Static HTML pages
Online databases
5
What is a communication protocol?
A set of agreed rules for data exchange
A DNS resolver
A system of file naming
A malware detection tool
6
What is a relationship in a database?
Backup structure
Normalisation form
Table header
Link between entities
7
What is system software?
Debugger
Application layer
Media codec
Software that manages hardware operations
8
What is cipher text?
Network header
Compressed file
Encrypted data
Plain data
9
What is a client in networking?
A type of firewall
A server that manages shared resources
A computer that uses the services of a server
A protocol for data exchange
10
What does a router use to forward packets?
Protocol number
Port number
MAC address
Destination IP address
11
What is software maintenance?
Fixing bugs and adapting code
Formatting drives
Deleting cache
Installing updates
12
What is a virtual machine?
Networked device
Hardware simulator
Encrypted drive
An abstract computer created by the OS
13
What is broadband?
A type of encryption
Multiple data channels on one medium
Synchronous transmission
One data stream
14
What does a DBMS do?
Hosts APIs
Encrypts websites
Manages database and access control
Routes data
15
What is referential integrity?
Backup recovery
Indexing efficiency
Table sorting
Foreign key value must exist in referenced table
16
What does a handshaking protocol do?
Encrypts the signal
Establishes readiness between sender and receiver
Formats the data
Compresses the message
17
What is an entity in a database?
A database index
A search filter
A data format
An object of interest
18
What is a thin-client network?
Distributed processing
Clients do minimal processing
Servers with minimal memory
Local storage on all devices
19
What is a worm?
Encrypted zip file
Pop-up ad
DNS resolver
Self-replicating malware exploiting networks
20
What is a Trojan?
Cookie tracker
Malicious software disguised as useful
OS kernel
Real-time scanner
21
What does asynchronous serial transmission mean?
Sender and receiver clocks are not synchronised
Signals are encoded in base64
Bits are always synchronised
Data is sent in packets
22
What is Software as a Service (SaaS)?
Compiler
Device driver
Hosted application accessed via the internet
Local application install
23
What is Ajax used for?
Website encryption
Partial updates of web pages
DNS resolution
Data compression
24
What is software maintainability?
Data compression ratio
Ease of fixing or changing code
Storage limits
CPU utilisation
25
What is the Internet?
A local network
A web service
A dedicated LAN
A global wide area network using TCP/IP
26
What are normalised entities?
Entities without redundant data
Duplicated fields
Hybrid keys
Nested tables
27
What device connects networks using different protocols?
Gateway
Hub
Router
Switch
28
What is topology in networking?
Shape/structure of network connections
Protocol hierarchy
Encryption levels
Device performance
29
What is baud rate?
Signal changes per second
Bits per second
Time to receive signal
Number of users per channel
30
What is a primary key?
Column index
Data type
Field description
Uniquely identifies a record
31
What is relative error?
Error after encryption
Unrecoverable loss
Error in baud rate
Absolute error ÷ actual value
32
What is an attribute?
A table
A tuple
A property of an entity
An index
33
What is a relational database?
Tables linked by keys
Static web pages
Unstructured data
Flat files
34
What is a composite key?
A relational link
Two or more attributes that identify a record
A backup field
A duplicate key
35
What is a peer-to-peer network?
All computers are of equal status
Has dedicated client terminals
A hierarchy of servers
Requires a central controller
36
What is a baseband system?
Allows fibre optics only
Supports parallel transmission
Data is compressed
Single channel uses the whole bandwidth
37
What is the role of an operating system?
Runs websites
Encrypts data
Connects to remote networks
Manages hardware and allocates resources
38
What is a foreign key?
Temporary field
Primary key in another table
Unique index
Local ID
39
What is parallel data transmission?
One bit at a time
Multiple bits sent at once
Data is encrypted
High-latency signal
40
Which system uses servers to provide services to clients?
Client-server system
Ad-hoc network
Topology
Peer-to-peer
41
What does a web server extension do?
Adds dynamic content generation to web server
Encrypts data
Manages APIs
Prevents malware
42
What is absolute error?
Systematic error
Percentage of error
Bit loss
Difference between actual and representable value
43
What does an interpreter do?
Encrypts a message
Executes code line-by-line
Manages RAM
Translates entire code at once
44
What does an API provide?
Interface for applications to use OS services
File encryption
Server IPs
Data packets
45
What is phishing?
Encrypting files
Tricking users to give personal info
IP spoofing
Backup management
46
What does bandwidth refer to?
Number of users
IP address size
Range of signal frequencies a medium can transmit
Encryption length
47
What is bit rate?
Bits transmitted per second
Baud rate x packet size
Data loss rate
Channels per second
48
What is plain text?
Binary only
Unencrypted message data
Encoded hash
Compressed string
49
What are web services?
Video conferencing tools
Modular applications used over the web
Email clients
Firewalls
50
What is pharming?
Brute force hacking
Changing DNS to redirect users
Emailing viruses
Uploading malware