Phoneme Discrimination- discriminate between minimally paired words that include contrast child

cant produce is part of phonological contrasts

Phonological process analysis involves going through processes & deciding if typical or delayed

This is part of a relational analysis

Speech production in infants: birth- 4 weeks they should be:

reflexive crying, vegetative sounds, quasi resonant nuclei

Horizontal approaches have:

Several targets taught simultaneously

articulation of phonemes, phonological error patterns, syllable structures, variability is?

What you look for during a speech ax

The consistent use of some non-development error patterns- may also use age appropriate errors

Consistent Phonological Disorders

FIST results- kids with phon disorders have less cognitive ability than kids w pho delay and

a reduced ability to learn rules

Children phonological system shows at least 40% variability in productions

Inconsistent Phonological Disorder

designed to enhance speech signal not underlying physiological deficits is what intervention?

Reducing activity limitation interventions

difficulties learning to read & spell, minimizing verbal interaction, at-risk for bullying are

consequences of a phonological impairment

Children with phonological delay have better cognitive flexibility than kids w phon disorder

That is not as good as their typically developing peers

A conversational speech sample rated for voice, artic, resonance, prosody using

an auditory perceptual scale is an auditory perceptual ax

Speech production in infants 6-8 months is vocal play with 2 specific phases:

1. reduplicated babbling 2. non-reduplicated babbling

In best production will all words be error free?

No- best productions should be age appropriate

Difficulty articulating /r/- loss in quality but NOT other identifiable phoneme eg not gliding

It is de-rhoatacisation- part of artic disorder

What are the speech subsystems?

Respiration, Phonation, Resonance, Articulation, Prosody

Impacts the control & execution of movements for speech

You can assess activity & participation levels through functional ax such as?

assess speech over the telephone, Role plays, observation during daily interactions

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Speech Disorders across the lifespan

252 termsStudBud Administration13 plays

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Questions 252

Answers

1
Phoneme Discrimination- discriminate between minimally paired words that include contrast child
cant produce is part of phonological contrasts
cant produce is not part of phonological contrasts
2
A submucous cleft palate can cause feeding difficulties under 12 mnths and articulatory errors
False
True
3
When speaker attempts to make sounds with tongue in contact with palate it is a
Palatal Lisp
Lateral Lisp
Dentalised Lisp
Interdental Lisp
4
Strings of syllables varied-consonants and vowels change from one syllable to the next /gibadu/
Non-reduplicated babbling
Reduplicated babbling
5
When giving feedback say what was said, why its wrong and how to fix it, feedback should be..
Increased as the child learns
Reduced as the child learns
6
Phonological process analysis involves going through processes & deciding if typical or delayed
This is part of a relational analysis
This is part of stimulability
7
Speech production in infants: birth- 4 weeks they should be:
all of the above
babbling
reflexive crying, vegetative sounds, quasi resonant nuclei
talking
8
what causes problems in oral comm due to paralysis, weakness or incordination of speech muscles
Dysarthria
AOS
9
phonological short term memory=
'Hold'
'Hold' & 'Manipulate'
10
disturbances in muscular control due to CNS or PNS damage= a group of speech disorders called?
AOS
Dysarthria
11
Horizontal approaches have:
A single target
Several targets taught simultaneously
12
Lisps are common in artic disorders, when the tongue tip protrudes between front teeth it is a?
Lateral Lisp
Palatal Lisp
Dentalised Lisp
Interdental Lisp
13
Sonority is the amount of 'sound' in a consonant or vowel- consonant clusters w small sonority
Both of the above are correct
& clusters
differences may promote generalised change to singletons
14
articulation of phonemes, phonological error patterns, syllable structures, variability is?
What you look for during a speech ax
What you look for during a language ax
15
The consistent use of some non-development error patterns- may also use age appropriate errors
Inconsistent Phonological Disorders
Consistent Phonological Disorders
Phonological Delay
16
What are some strategies for improving speech signal and reducing activity limitations?
Articulation therapy- and over articulation
Contrastive speech drills & contrastive intelligibility dril
All of these can be used
voice-voiceless distinction, volume & rate control
17
produce same substitution or distortion of sound in words or in isolation even if imitated
Articulation Disorder
Phonological Disorder
18
Which speech disorder is most common?
Dysarthria
AOS
19
FIST results- kids with phon disorders have less cognitive ability than kids w pho delay and
an increased ability to learn rules
a reduced ability to learn rules
20
PRARP= the speech subsystems which stand for?
Phonation, Resonation, Articulation, Respiration, Prosody
Answer 1 is correct
21
In which therapy are contrasts NOT worked on and consistency is the primary goal?
Core Vocabulary Therapy
Whole language Intervention
Phonological Contrasts
22
targeting later developing sounds, marked consonants first, non-stimulable phonemes first is?
Newer target selection
Traditional target selection
23
Children phonological system shows at least 40% variability in productions
Consistent Phonological Disorder
Phonological Delay
Inconsistent Phonological Disorder
24
LSVT Loud is used for Parkinsons disease & hypokinetic dysarthria & aligns with the principles
All of the above
of motor learning which are based one external focus,
promotion of movement automaticity
producing greater retention & skill transfer, simple instruc
25
Sounds that differ by only ONE distinctive feature e.g. voice, place or manner are?
Minimal Pairs
Maximal Pairs
26
designed to enhance speech signal not underlying physiological deficits is what intervention?
Reducing activity limitation interventions
Impairment-based interventions
27
Acoustic analyses are a good way to supplement your aud-perc analysis with objective data
True
False
28
Error patterns that occur during normal development but are typical of younger children =
Inconsistent Phonological Disorder
Consistent Phonological Disorder
Phonological Delay
29
Monoloudness, hypernasality, monopitch are?
Deviant language features
Deviant speech features
30
You have to get 40% or above to be considered inconsistent on the DEAP inconsistency test
False
True
31
difficulties learning to read & spell, minimizing verbal interaction, at-risk for bullying are
consequences of a phonological impairment
consequences of an articulation disorder
32
Children with phonological delay have better cognitive flexibility than kids w phon disorder
that is also as good as their typically developing peers
That is not as good as their typically developing peers
33
Whole language intervention says phonology is an integral & inseperable part language & speech
is directly targeted
not directly targeted
34
AOS errors occur consistently whilst dysarthrias are usually consistent- but AOS auto speech
whilst dysarthria is less affected by automaticity
Both True
sounds near normal
35
When s & z r produced with air escaping over sides of tongue it is what kind of lisp?
Dentalised Lisp
Lateral Lisp
Palatal Lisp
Interdental Lisp
36
Dysarthria intervention aims to maximise the ....... of communication
Effectiveness
Naturalness
All of the above
Efficiency
37
A conversational speech sample rated for voice, artic, resonance, prosody using
hhjlsdf
an auditory perceptual scale is an auditory perceptual ax
38
Speech production in infants 6-8 months is vocal play with 2 specific phases:
walking and running
joint attention and echolalia
having conversations and turn-taking
1. reduplicated babbling 2. non-reduplicated babbling
39
Consistency Ax include token-to-token variability, DEAP inconsistency ax & variable production
True
False
40
The late 8 sounds are:
sh,s,th,r,z,l,zh
t,k,ng,g,f,v,ch,j
41
In best production will all words be error free?
Yes- all words should be error free
No- best productions should be age appropriate
42
Difficulty articulating /r/- loss in quality but NOT other identifiable phoneme eg not gliding
It is just a low quality /r/
It is de-rhoatacisation- part of artic disorder
43
What are the speech subsystems?
Resonance and articulation
Prosody
Respiration, Phonation, Resonance, Articulation, Prosody
Respiration and phonation
44
Alliteration awareness e.g. which word has a different first sound: bed,bus,chair, ball is a?
Phonemic awareness task
Onset rime awareness task
Syllable structure awareness tasks
45
Dysarthria:
Impacts the control & execution of movements for speech
Impacts the retrieval & activation of motor plans/programmes
46
When a child doesnt understand the rules for their sound system & omit/substitute sounds its a?
Phonological Disorder
Articulation Disorder
47
You can assess activity & participation levels through functional ax such as?
assess speech over the telephone
Role plays, observation during daily interactions
48
Fast/normal speech rate and normal prosody (stress patterns, smooth transitions) are:
Inclusionary features of AOS
Exclusionary features of AOS
49
If a child understands in what contexts the sounds should be used but they cant articulate it?
Articulation Disorder
Phonological Disorder
50
There 3 key sub-types of phonological disorders/delay which are?
Phonological Delay
Consistent Phonological Disorder
Inconsistent Phonological Disorder
All of the above
51
The middle 8 sounds are?
m,b,j,n,w,d,p,h
t,k,ng,g,f,v,ch,j
52
ray & day, Rip and Dip are examples of:
Empty Set
Minimal Pairs
Maximal Pairs
53
Neurological etiologies-stroke, trauma, genetic or metabolic neurobehavioural disorders can
Cause CAS
Cause dysarthria
54
What is useful for determining speech & regularity of reciprocal movements of the jaw, lips etc
Prolonged vowel
DDK rates
55
Developing & organising motor plans/programmes that activate speech muscles
Cognitive-linguisitc process
Neuromuscular control & execution of speech
Motor speech planning/programming
56
Postural adjustment, sustained phonations, breathing against resistance (bubbles through straw)
Are tasks that target respiratory-phonatory impairment
Are tasks that target respiratory support
57
No classification system exists for childhood dysarthria, can the adult classification system
Be used? No
be used? Yes
58
Comprehensibility can be used to reduce activity limitations by training communication partners
and increasing effectiveness of speech in social context
Improving rate control
59
In drill practice the child must practice the target words daily
False
True
60
AOS is strongly affected by word length and groping is often present whilst dysarthria is:
and groping is typically not present
is more consistent across different word lengths
61
empty set is a single contrastive pairing of two target sounds which are both:
known and minimally different to each other
unkown, independent and maximally different from each other
62
Impairments of attention, reasoning, memory &/low motivation can lead to:
Articulation Disorders
rule-based speech errors- phonological delay or disorder
63
Does traditional articulation therapy work for children with a phonological impairment?
Yes
No- it often makes them worse
64
Fetal alcohol syndromes, down syndromes and fragile x are?
Craniofacial syndromes
Developmental syndromes
65
Noise, proximity/distance, lighting, group vs 1;1, familiarity of listener are all?
social factors that can impact communciation
Environmental factors that can impact communication
66
What therapy begins with familiarisation-check child has therapy targets in receptive vocab
Phonological Contrasts
Minimal Pairs
67
Motor speech planning/programming is
AOS
Dysarthria
68
What is phonological awareness (PA)?
kids with speech/lang difficultues often have weak PA
A metalinguistic skill that develops from approx 3 years
Involves detection & manipulation of syllables, onset &rimes
All of the above are true
69
SMART goals stand for:
Specific, measurable, accurate, realistic, timely
Specific, measurable, achieveable, relevant, time-bound
70
What is a neurological movement disorder that affects 1> speech subsystems with diff subtypes?
AOS
Dysarthria
71
What processes and systems are involved in speech production?
Source, Filter, etc
Respiration, Phonation, Resonance, Prosody
72
In subsystem treatment you target the system contributing most to the speech disorder
True
False
73
A bifid uvula, zona pellucida, notch hard palate are signs of:
A submucous cleft palate
A normal cleft palate
74
Dysarthria impacts on ratings of naturalness, listener comfort, intelligibility
True
False
75
Speech impairment is not just in the mouth but also in the brain-memory is really important in
learning how to talk properly
being able to remember stuff
76
Children with speech disorders are highly:
Heterogeneous (diverse in character)
Similar
77
When doing artic therapy you should reward positive behaviour:
After a delay
Immediately
Never
78
Sensory feedback of phonetic placement can be achieved via observation of productions in mirror
False
True
79
Voice and speech tasks you can do for an acoustic analysis are:
All of the above
Sentence repetition tasks
Sustained vowel
Maximum vowel duration
80
extent to which acoustic signal generated by a speaker can be correctly interpreted by listener
is comprehensibility
is intelligibility
81
Fist-Flexible item selection test measures: rule abstraction & cognitive shift and is a?
Speaking tasks
Non-speaking task- so good for kids with speech disorders
82
To get a spontaneous speech sample you can use conversation, picture description, role play
True
False
83
A disorder of motor production/articulation of speech- difficulty with speech is
Dysarthria
Anarthria
84
speech disorders resulting from neurologic impairments affecting motor planning, programming &?
Neuromuscular control or execution of speech
sensory components of the oral cavity
85
When a child is not having trouble with the motor plan but the using the sounds?
Articulation Disorder
Phonological Disorder
86
Impairment in one or more of phonation, artiuculation, resonance, prosody, respiration is?
Dysarthria
AOS
87
What are some of the key aetiologies for childhood dysarthria?
Parkinsons Disease
Epile[sy, TBI, Brain Tumour, Infarct
Huntingtons Disease
88
The zone of pellucida (blue line) is a sign of submucous cleft palate?
False
True
89
Palatal anomalies include cleft, hypoplastic palatate, fistula (little hole in palate) which
Cause no disorders
cause velopharyngeal dysfunction/velopharyngeal incompetence
90
Speech Production: 8-12 months is echolalia which is where
Imitate speech sounds but not in meaningful way precise copy
infants imitate speech sounds around them in meaningful ways
91
Reduced vowel inventory, vowel errors, increased errors in longer words, unusual errors are the
Speech features of CAS
Speech features of Dysarthria
92
source being filtered through resonant properties of the vocal tract and articulator movement
is the source
is the filter
93
extent to which listener understands utterances produced by a speaker within a comm context
Comprehensibility
Intelligibility
94
What aims to develop meaningful contrasts between words & requires cognitive reorganisation of
the sound system- articulation therapy
the sound system- phonological contrasts
95
The four components of traditional artic therapy are: identifying standard sound &
strengthening & stabilising it in all contexts
learning to produce sound correctly &
All of the above
discriminating it from its error through comparing
96
Atypical processes thatoccur in phonological disorders are not used by >10% children of any age
True
False
97
Treatment of respiratory-phonatory impairment aims to improve:
All of the above
Respiratory/phonatory coordination
Respiratory support
Phonatory function
98
Phonological working memory=
Hold & Manipulate
Hold
99
Control and execution of speech=
Dysarthria
AOS
100
Neurodegenerative diseases like parkinsons, motor neuron disease, huntingtons disease & MS are
associated with AOS
associated with Dysarthria
101
What impacts the control and execution of movements for speech production?
Apraxia of Speech (AOS)
Dysarthria
102
Speech sound disorder subgroups r: articulation based, linguistic based & motor planning based
Linguist=phon disorder,phon delay,phon inconsistent disorder
Artic= residual sound errors /s/, /r/, /th/
All of the above are true
Motor= CAS, Childhood dysarthria
103
Typical sound processes from 3;0 are gliding, deaffrication, fronting, cluster reduction &
All of the above
Stopping
Weak syllable deletion
Voicing, assimilation, final-consonant deletion
104
You should always start and finish the session
with a success
with something hard
105
Auditory -perceptual ax are the gold standard ax for childhood dysarthria
False
True
106
Phonological contrasts aim to develop meaningful contrasts between words & should be used on
Children with consistent phonological disorder or delay
Children w inconsistent phonological disorder
107
Any disruption to normal speech that results in a person being difficult to understand is a?
Language Disorder
Speech Disorder
108
PRAAT is a type of acoustic analysis, this ax looks at frequency, jitter, intensity, shimmer &
timing
loudness
109
Two sounds that the child doesnt have- single contrastive pairing and maximally different
Empty Set
Minimal Pair
Maximal Pair
110
Consonants vs Vowels & Obstruents vs Sonorants are:
Non-major class features
Major class features
111
Speech production in infants: 1-4 months they should be:
speaking
cooing- vowel-like sounds that occur in face-face interactio
walking
running
112
Stops, fricatives and affricates are?
Obstruents
Sonorants
113
The normal range of sustained vowel length e.g. /ah/ is?
5-6 seconds
9-10 seconds
8-9 seconds
6-7 seconds
114
When determining treatment goals you need to consider treatment priorities/hierarchy which are?
Activity limitation and participation restriction
Contextual factors- what personal and environmental factors?
Impairment- which motor speech subsystems?
All of the above
115
the voiced /th/ can be produced at 8;0 whilst the voiceless /th/ can be produced at
8;6
9;0
7;6
8;0
116
Inhibition really looks at the internal and external monitoring of things?
True
False
117
Therapy for interdental lisps is more effective at an earlier age
False- can provide therapy whenever
True- because incorrect motor program becomes automised
118
Place, Manner & Voice are?
Non-major class features
Major class features
119
Phonetic level disorders are where sound production occurs where phonemic level disorders are?
The patterns of sound in a language
Sound Production- How you make the sound
120
Spoken word recognition- do these words rhyme: shell & bell is a
Onset-rime awareness task
Phonemic awareness task
Syllable-structure awareness task
121
A target sound in a phonetically complex word changes to resemble another target sound in word
e.g. peculiar-cululiar is assimiliation
is metathesis
is epenthesis
122
What is a universal feature of all dysarthrias?
hypernasality
Low pitch
monoloudness
Intelligibility
123
In articulation disorder speech sounds are wrongare these kids are of what they're doing wrong?
No- they are unaware
Yes- they are aware
124
Creating sufficient breath support for sustaining pressurized air stream & vibration of the vf
is the source
is the filter
125
You can use LSVT for childhood dysarthria as an intervention: functional comm goals are?
The same for every child in this program
Tailored to each child and therefore different
126
Distortions & substituted distortions are error types of AOS whilst error types of dysarthria
are omissions and distortions
The same as AOS
127
at 3;6 children can produce /f/ and at 4 l, 'sh', 'ch', at 4;6 they can produce z,s, dg, at 5;0
they can produce r and v
they can produce r then v at 6;0
128
To identify complex targets you should list singleton consonants & clusters not used and then
Discard late developing sounds and clusters
Discard stimulable, early developing, less marked targets
129
Transferring the newly learned pattern into spontaneous speech is the overall objective of?
Phonetic Disorders
Phonological disorders
130
What are the three bodily requirements for speech acquisition?
Ear
Brain
Oral Cavity
All of the above!
131
Strength training parameters can be used to treat
respiratory impairment
articulatory impairment
132
Sometimes its best to be explicit and tell the kids what rules they are using incorrectly?
True
False
133
We assess a childs speech to?
Determine whether it is age appropriate
All of the above
Establish a baseline to measure therapy outcomes
To measure severity & make a differential diagnosis
134
Nasals, liquids, glides and vowels are
Obstruents
Sonorants
135
Ax for childhood dysarthria inc. OPE, artic & phonology, convo speech sample, intelligibility
False
True
136
If a child has poor understanding of the use of sound patterns in language it is a?
Articulation Disorder
Phonological Disorder
137
Stress testing enables to examine the clients?
pitch
fatigability
syllable level
138
Nuffield Centre Dyspraxia Programme (NDP-3) & PROMPT are the 2 CAS interventions most used?
False
True
139
To assess a speech sound disorder you would?
All of the above
Use standardised speech ax to assess single words
Consistency ax
Get a spontaneous speech sample
140
What is the most commonly presenting speech disorder?
Dysarthria
AOS
None of these
Aphasia
141
many contrasts within a phonological error pattern e.g. pie, pipe, pine for final consonant del
is a method of articulation therapy
is a method of phonological contrast intervention
142
Impairment in one or more of: respiration,phonation, articulation, resonance, prosody is:
CAS
Childhood dysarthria
143
subsystem treatment targets impairment by taking a physiological approach and:
All of the above
specifically addressing subsystem impairments via direct
indirectly targeting subsystems via therapy
and targeted therapy
144
Which therapy intervention stresses the interactive, interdependent nature of speech & language
Whole Language intervention
Phonological contrasts
Articulation therapy
145
If a child is unaware of their difficulty it is most likely what kind of disorder?
Articulation
Phonological
146
What allows for an objective ax of the speech subsystems?
Acoustic Typology
Standardised ax
OPE
147
Bat is a?
Low neighbourhood density word
High neighbourhood density word
148
Posture, deep breath, clear voice are reminders used in:
Speech systems approach
LSVT
149
How many syllables are in the word coffee? is a syllable segmentation task?
True
False
150
What are common treatment approaches to dysarthria?
Rate control, PROMPT, LSVT, AAC-compensatory treatments
All of the above
Sub-system approach, intelligibility speech strategies
151
A range of tasks should be used for acoustic ax- they are the same used in perceptual ax & are?
DDK
Sustained phonation
Reading/repetition & conversational speech
All of the above
152
cognitive flexibility, working memory and inhibition are the 3 core?
functions of immediate memory
Core executive functions
functions of speech
functions of cognitions
153
set of processes associated with practice leading to permanent changes in capability 4 movement
is motor performance
is motor learning
154
Core impairment in planning/programming resulting in speech sound & prosody errors
Dysarthria
Childhood Apraxia of Speech (CAS)
155
Disorder of speech planning/programming where problems manifest in speech and complex movement
Nature of AOS- may be developmental or acquired
Nature of Dysarthria
156
The different routes that can used for dysarthria intervention are?
Promoting the use of residual functions
Reducing the need for lost function
Restoring lost function
All of the above
157
The early 8 sounds are
m,b,j,n,w,d, p,h
t,k,ng,g,f,v,ch,j
158
Articulation therapy is intervention for Artic disorders, whole language phonological contrast
is an intervention for phonological delay
speech sounds
159
A clients ability to take an individual speech skill learned & apply it broadly in all speech
Is not possible
Is called carry-over
160
S & M are:
Empty Set
Minimal Pairs
Maximal Pairs
161
In AOS SMRs are poorer than AMRS but in dysarthria they are equal?
False
True
162
Abnormal resonance (hypernasality) & abnormal airflow (nasal air emission), weak consonants are
Symptoms of velopharyngeal dysfunction
symptoms of cleft speech disorders
163
What is the primary measure of disability?
DDK rates
Intelligibility
Comprehensibility
164
Understanding & organising thoughts, feelings emotions to communicate =
Neuromuscular control & execution of speech
Cognitive-linguistic process
Motor speech planning/programming
165
A marked feature implies the presence of another feature so: fricatives are marked because they
imply stops
affricates are marked because they imply fricatives &
voiceless stops are marked because they imply voiced stops
clusters are marked because they imply singletons
166
p,b,t,d,k,g,n,m,'ng', w, 'y', h are sounds acquired at which age?
4;6
4;0
3;6
3;0
167
A standardised ax you can use for perceptual analysis of speech disorders is:
The Boston Diagnostic Ax
The FDA-2
168
Prosthetic and assistive devices can be particularly effective for people with dysarthria:
e.g. speech amplifiers
e.g. AAC
169
phonological contrasts is an intervention for consistent phonological disorder but core vocab
is an intervention for articulation disorders
is an intervention for inconsistent phonological disorders
170
Delayed phonological disorders are those used by >10% of children in a younger age group
False
True
171
Impaired neuromuscular control & execution of speech- phonetic level disorder is?
Childhood apraxia of speech (CAS)
Dysarthria
172
Cognitive-linguistic process, motor speech planning & neuromuscular control of speech =
Speech Production
All of the above
Speech Comprehension
Language
173
What is an evidence based intervention for CAS
PROMPT
Core Vocabulary
Articulation Therapy
Whole Language phonological contrasts
174
CV or VC syllable is duplicated in strings of repetitive syllables e.g. /ba-ba-ba-ba/
Non-reduplicated babbling
Reduplicated babbling
175
Alternating motion rates e.g. puh puh (AMRs) & Sequential motion rates e.g. puh tuh kuh (SMRs)
Are repetition tasks
are DDK rate tasks
176
An OPE, DEAP, GFTA, Non-word repetition test should all be part of paed CAS test battery
False
True
177
What supports and person-centred, holisitic approach to assessment, goal setting & management?
Biomedical Model
The ICF
178
What are the steps in motor learning?
There are no stages
Cognitive stage, autonomous stage, automatic stage
179
Metaphon aimstoincrease metalinguistic analysis-emphasises similarities & differences in sounds
its features e.g. /t/ is a front sound, /k/ is a back sound
Both of the above are true
also recognising, matching, classifying sounds according to
180
For children with poor respiratory support for speech consider source based approaches such as:
Maximal Pairs
Empty set
LSVT, Speech Subsystems Therapy
Minimal Pairs
181
Most phonological processes should be resolved or suppressed by:
6 years
4 years
5 years
3 years
182
Sounds that differ on all three dimensions are?
Minimal Pairs
Maximal Pairs
183
Childrens Intelligibility to strangers can by determined by the formula: age in years divided
by 10x100
by 4 x100
184
Immediate memory is made up of phonological short term memory, phonological working memory
False
True
185
CNS & PNS executes speech motor programs through innervation of respiratory, phonatory etc
Motor speech planning/programming
Cognitive-linguistic process
Neuromuscular control and execution of speech
186
Speech sounds produced by infants are though to be:
linguistic
pre-linguistic because they precede meaningful first words
187
Re-arranging of sounds or syllables in a word- cinnamon-cimanon is?
Metathesis
Assimilation
Epenthesis
188
Multiple oppositions: target more than single contrastive pair-multiple pairings with several
targets selected maximally different from target& each other
target sounds which are based on childs phoneme collapse
All of the above are correct
not based on phonological error patterns but whole system
189
CAS is associated with dysfunction involving the basal ganglia and the inferior frontal cortice
False
True- and more likely to be be bilateral deficits
190
Vertical treatment approaches have:
A single target
several targets that are taught simultaneously
191
Articulation disorders can be structural such as tongue tie, macroglossia or functional
Because of a known reason
But the underlying causes for functional disorders r unknown
192
Apraxia of Speech (AOS) and Dysarthria are both MSDs and AOS
Impacts the control & execution of movements for speech
Impacts the retrieval & activation of motor plans/programmes
193
A complete loss of the motor ability that enables speech is?
Anarthria
Dysarthria
194
Consequences of a speech disorder can include: emotional consequences- acting out, anxiety and:
Ability to form relationships, literacy acquisiton difficult
No other problems
195
The degree to which an acoustic signal is understood by a listener is:
Intelligibility
Comprehensibility
196
Twins are prone to:
Inconsistent phonological disorder
Consistent phonological disorder
197
Inconsistent production, groping, inability to imitate sounds are the characteristics of:
Dysarthria
CAS
198
An independent analysis involves: a consonant inventory, vowel inventory as well as?
Syllable-word shapes inventory
Syllable-stress patterns inventory
Both of the above
199
DDKs are sequential motion rates for rapid syllable production, SMRs (pataka) AMRs (papapa) are
Not part of DDks
Part of DDKs
200
Decreased phonological short term memory & decreased phonological working memory=
Phonological Disorder
Phonological Delay
201
minimising the effects on the patients life in the most efficient way possible is the?
Primary goal of MSD Treatment
best way to look at treatment
202
Roles, employment, leisure activities, social life, relationships & self-perception are the 6?
Area's of change in Dysarthria
Areas of change in AOS
203
Speech disorders resulting from neurologic impairments affecting motor planning or execution r?
Motor Speech Disorders (MSDs)
Language Disorders
204
What impacts the retrieval and activation of motor plans/programmes for speech?
Dysarthria
Apraxia of Speech (AOS)
205
Speech production in infants- 4-6 mnths they should be:
walking
talking in sentences
stringing words together
marginal babbling- e.g. ba, da, ka
206
Another form of phonological contrast intervention is when multiple oppositions across a phonem
-d, tea, pea, bee, key, sea
collapes e.g. where d is substituted for all plosives so
207
Traditional artic therapy involves lots of imitation, practice, client motivat & parent support
True
False
208
The ability to stop an automatic response is?
Inhibition
Working Memory
Cognitive Flexibility
209
LVST- Lee Silverman Voice Treatment Program (LOUD) is what kind of dysarthria approach?
Global Approach
Local Approach
210
The speech systems approach to intervention for dysarthria has 3 key areas:
3. slowing speech
All of the above
1. Maintaing adequate volume 2. chunking speech into phrases
211
Children become 25% intelligible to parents at 18mnths, 50-75% intelligble by 24 monts & 75-100
by 42 months
by 40 months
by 30 months
by 36 months
212
An intact phonological short term memory but decreased phonological working memory=
Phonological Delay
Phonological Disorder
213
Children learn to consistently say a set of at least 50 high-frequency functional words
in core vocabulary therapy
in phonological therapy
214
MLP (motor learning principles) say feedback to child should be frequent as it
encourages self monitoring
is nice to hear feedback
215
Oral motor dyspraxia, fine/gross motor impairments, reading/spelling impairments are comorbid
Features of CAS
Features of Dysarthria
216
Dysarthria groups, education based services, intensive 1;1 therapy, outpatient therapy are?
Different models of ax
Different models of service delivery
217
AUSTOMS rating scales include impairment, activity limitation, participation restriction and?
depression/anxiety
financial burdens
Distress/wellbeing
carers stress
218
Velopharyngeal nasality results in:
Hypernasality
Cleft palate
219
Treating non-stimulable sounds most likely result in acquisition of both treated&non-treat soun
False
True
220
Motor learning principles- repetitive practice (motor drills) need repetitive practice because:
there must be enough to make motor learning take place
so that it becomes habitual
221
Speech Production: 9-12 mnths is Jargon which is the:
produced with stress and intonation that mimic real speech
final phase of the prelinguistic period that sounds like
All of the above are correct
adult statements or commands and is strings of syllables
222
Serial recall of random word list & sentences & non-word repetition tasks are example of?
Executive function ax tasks
Immediate memory ax tasks
223
When several targets are selected that are changed at weekly intervals and cycled it is a?
Horizontal intervention delivery
Cyclical Intervention delivery
224
Hearing Impairment, Auditory processing, Oro-motor skills, genetic predisposition are:
Not associated with speech disorders
Causal and maintenance factors of disorders
225
Single word production where the child produces the contrast following a model is also a
type of articulation therapy
type of phonological contrast therapy
226
Goals of increasing phonatory effort & VF adduction, increasing respiratory support are?
the goals of LSVT
the goals of all dysarthria treatment approaches
227
Insertion of a sound in the of a word- emphasis-efanis is:
Assimilation
Metathesis
Epenthesis
228
ASSIDS purpose is to provide objective means of measuring intelligibility & speech rate- it
as well as speaking rate- it used for people with dysarthria
quantifies single word & sentence intelligibility
BOTH CORRECT
229
looking at the childs unique system without reference to target (adult) phonology is a?
Independent Analysis
Relational Analysis
230
A lisp where the tongue tip just touches the front teeth is a?
Lateral Lisp
Palatal Lisp
Interdental lisp
Dentalised Lisp
231
Aytpical error patterns from 3;0 years are: initial consonant deletion
medial consonant deletion or substitution, backing,
extensive final consonant deletion, devoicing
All of the above
sound preference
232
the goal of therapy is to improve performance during the session or maximise learning/transfer
Maximise learning and transfer
Improve performance
233
The inability to produce a perceptually acceptable version of one or more speech sounds is a?
Phonological disorder
Phonemic Disorder
Articulation Disorder
234
If a speech sound is NOT stimulable this indicates a:
Phonetic/Articulation Disorder
Phonological Disorder
235
Phonological delay is the most common speech disorder for children?
True
False
236
Looking at the childs system relative to idealised version of the target (adult) phonology is?
Relational Analysis
Independent analysis
237
The dysarthrias result in multi-system dysregulation?
True
False
238
What are some of the treatment principles for speech disorders?
Treatment should commence early and be interprofressional
treatment must take into account full range of deficits
239
Rate control has found to be one of the most effective strategies in improving speech
Comprehensibility
Intelligibility
240
Medical intervention, prosthetic management, behavioural management, AAC, counselling & support
are approaches to dysarthria management
are approaches to aphasia management
241
Class III malocclusion is an underbite which affects:
Alveolar Sounds
Consonants
Vowels
242
Do you need to assess PA in children with SSD so you can see if they are a literacy risk?
No- you dont need to do this
Yes- you certainly do
243
Syllable-structure awareness, onset-rime awareness, phonemic awareness are examples of
Articulation awareness tasks
Phonological awareness tasks
244
Rehearsing speech breathing pattern, optimal breath groups, respiratory flexibility training
are tasks for respiratory support
tasks for respiratory/phonatory coordination
245
disorder of neuromuscular execution of fine motor movements involved in speech production is?
CAS
Childhood Dysarthria
246
You can use tools to assess pyschosocial impact- impact on the person, lifestyle & others
Psychosocial ax can only be undertaken by a psych
The ICF and AFROM can drive psychosocial ax
247
P & K are:
Minimal pairs
Maximal Pairs
Empty Set
248
Production of words in phrases is where the child uses the contrast in phrases-also part of
Articulation therapy
Phonological contrast therapy
249
Speech intelligibility = no. of words understood divided by no. of words spoken x 100
False
True
250
The core impairment in planning/programming of movement sequences resulting in errors in speech
Dysarthria
CAS
251
When treating phonetic disorders the explicit goal is to learn how to pronounce sound correctly
speech by automization
implicit goal is to articulate new sound in spontaneous
the implicit goal is to just be able to use that sound right
252
What are the three key investigation areas for speech and cognition?
Attention
All of the above
Executive Function
Immediate memory (short, term & working)

Speech Disorders across the lifespan Flashcards | StudBud