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Biology Spring Semester Final Review Flashcards | StudBud
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Biology Spring Semester Final Review
Biology Spring Semester Final Review
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Flashcards
64 cards
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Questions
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Answers
1
What makes up a genotype?
Phenotypes
Zygote
Alleles
Cells
2
What does this equation represent?
Cellular Respiration
Active Transport
Endocytosis
Photosynthesis
3
What organelle breaks down food and wastes in the cell?
Mitochondria
Lysosomes
Nucleus
Ribosomes
4
Water is considered the universal solvent, what does this mean?
It can be d.issolved easily
It can form ice.
It can dissolve more substances than any other liquid.
It is a solute.
5
During this process mRNA meets up with a ribosome and tRNA to make a protein.
Translation
Golgi
Replication
Transcription
6
A snake that eats a frog that has eaten an insect that fed on a plant is a
Primary producer.
Tertiary consumer.
Primary consumer.
Secondary producer.
7
Define independent variable:
The variable that you are changing in the experiment.
The varible being kept constant in the experiment.
The variable you are measuring in the experiment.
The variable that is not being used in the experiment.
8
A flood dramatically decreases a population, this is an example of...
The founder effect
Gene flow
Mutations
The bottleneck effect
9
During interphase, what does the cell do?
Centrioles form
Sister chromatids separate
Carries out normal metabolic processes
Spindle fibers form
10
When a population multiplies by a constant factor at a constant time interval.
Competitive exclusion
Exponential growth
Logistic growth
Population density
11
Which types of plants are usually the FIRST to appear in ecological succession?
Lichens and Mosses
Grasses
Shrubs
Oak Trees
12
Homozygous tall plant is crossed with a homozygous short plant the offspring are all tall, why?
Tall plant allele is hidden by short plant allele.
Tall plant allele is recessive to short plant allele.
Tall plant allele is dominant to short plant allele.
Not sure how that happened.
13
What is the difference between cytokinesis in plant cells compared to animal cells?
Plant cells form a cell plate.
Plants cells don't go through cytokinesis.
Plant cells don't split.
Plant cells form a cleavage furrow.
14
Movement of molecules from high to low...
Diffusion
Active Transport
Equilibrium
Exocytosis
15
What would be the phenotype of the following pea: RRyy
Smooth, green
Wrinkled, yellow
Wrinkled, green
Smooth, yellow
16
The picture below is an example of what?
Incomplete dominance
Co-dominance
Complete Dominance
Completely Recessive
17
How has the ever growing human population affected the Earth's species ?
Caused a reduction in CO2 in the atmosphere.
Increased habitat loss, causing extinction of species.
Introduced invasive species that have benefited ecosystems.
Increased biodiversity
18
What would cause lactic acid build up and muscle soreness in your body?
Photosynthesis
Aerobic Respiration
Cellular Respiration
Anaerobic Respiration
19
What do animal cells NOT have, but plant cells do?
Chloroplasts
Nucleus
Ribosome
Endoplasmic Reticulum
20
What type of cells are being made during mitosis?
Somatic Cells (body cells)
Enzymes
Gametes (sex cells)
Cells that differ in terms of genetic information.
21
This can be seen in skin color and height in humans, occurs when many genes make up one trait.
Recessive Allele
Co-dominance
Polygenic Inheritance
Incomplete Dominance
22
What type of tumor can spread through the body and damages the surrounding cells?
Benign
Chromosomes
Gametes
Malignant
23
What do lipids provide us?
Provides us with DNA
Fat/insulation and long term storage for energy.
Main source of energy
Provides us with muscles.
24
What does an enzyme do?
Makes chemical reactions the same.
Speeds up chemical reaction, increases activation energy.
Speeds up chemical reactions, lowers the activation energy
Slows down chemical reactions.
25
Why would primary productivity be higher in a tropical rainforest than in a tundra?
Tropical rainforest receives more direct sunlight
Tundra receives more direct sunlight
Tundra is a lot warmer than the tropical rainforest
Tundra receives more rainfall
26
Define Dependent Variable:
The variable being changed in the experiment.
The variable that does not change the experiment
The variable that remains constant in the experiment.
The variable being measured in the experiement.
27
What would be the genotype of a wrinkled, green pea?
RRyy
rryy
rrYy
RrYy
28
What is Darwin's theory of evolution based on?
Variation and natural selection
Use and disuse
Acquired traits
Traits that don't allow an offspring to survive.
29
Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs) do which of the following for farmers:
Increase crop production.
Minimize the need for pesticides.
All answers are correct.
Produce organisms with selected favorable traits.
30
Rank the organizational levels of life in order from smallest to largest.
population, cell, tissue, ecosystem
organism, organ system, organ, tissue, cell
cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism
cell, ecosystem, organism , population
31
Which are products of photosynthesis?
Glucose and Oxygen
ATP and Oxygen
Water Only
Oxygen Only
32
What organic compound is the main fuel source for us?
Proteins
Carbohydrates
Nucleic Acids
Lipids
33
What does the picture below represent in biology?
Cladogram
Chart
Graph
Diagram
34
A lion chases, captures, and eats a gazelle. This is an example of:
Commensalism
Competition
Predation
Mutualism
35
What phase is the cell in most of the time?
Prophase
Interphase
Metaphase
Anaphase
36
In humans, how many chromosomes are in a somatic cell? How many chromosomes are in a gamete?
23, 46
23, 23
46, 23
46, 46
37
What does the picture below represent?
Analogous Structures
Homologous Structures
Nothing
Vestigial Structures
38
What is ATP?
Energy
Fat
Chloroplasts
ADP
39
What is genetic drift?
Changes in allele frequencies in a population due to chance.
Changes in a population due to recombination.
Changes in allele frequencies due to variation.
When a population of individuals goes extinct
40
Is the full amount of energy captured from the sun by producers available to consumers?
Yes, full energy is kept as it goes up the trophic levels
Not sure
No, energy is lost as it goes up the trophic levels
Producers can't capture energy from the sun
41
During this process DNA is copied into mRNA.
Translation
Replication
Golgi
Transcription
42
Which is the correct order of cell parts to synthesize and export a protein from a cell?
ribosome,ER, Golgi, vesicle, plasma membrane.
Golgi,ER, ribosome,plasma membrane, vesicle.
ER,Golgi, vesicle,ribosome, plasma membrane.
plasmamembrane, vesicle, Golgi,ER, ribosome.
43
The combined alleles that make up a population.
Genotype
Gene pool
Allele frequency
Mutation
44
When a species experiences long stable periods, interrupted by rapid evolutionary change is...
Gradualism
Co-evolution
Divergent Evolution
Punctuated Equilibrium
45
What type of cell can develop into many different cells in the body?
Nerve Cell
Neuron
Stem cell
Heart cell
46
Physical or chemical agent that increases the chance of a mutation occuring.
Mitochondria
Mutagen
Malignant
Photosynthesis
47
Analyze the graph below. At what pH level is there the lowest number of bacterial colonies?
8
6
5
9
48
What makes up a DNA nucleotide?
Ribose, phosphate group, uracil
Deoxyribose, phosphate group, uracil
Deoxyribose, phosphate group, adenine
Ribose, phosphate group, adenine
49
What does it mean when one individual leaves more offspring than another?
It is a perfect species
Use and disuse
It is more suited to the environment
It has acquired traits
50
A tick feeds on the blood of a dog. This is an example of:
Commensalism
Parasitism
Predation
Mutualism
51
Identify the reactants in the problem below:
H2 and O2
H2O
Just O2
H2O and H2 and O2
52
Inability of chromosomes to separate out properly during meiosis.
Deletion
Nondisjunction
Genetic linkage
Telophase
53
A disease that wipes out an entire population, would be considered what type of factor?
Density-independent
Exponential growth
Nutrient-limiting
Density-dependent
54
When species are separated by a body of water. This is an example of...
Behavioral Isolation
Mechanical Isolation
Geographic Isolation
Temporal Isolation
55
What is the difference between a prokaryotic cell and an eukaryotic cell?
Prokaryotic has membrane bound organelles
Both are the same, no differences
Prokaryotic has a nucleus, eukaryotic does not.
Prokaryotic has no nucleus, eukaryotic does
56
Men are more likely to be affected by sex-linked genetic disorders than women, why?
Men have two Y chromosomes
Men only have one X chromosome
Women only have one X chromosome
Women have two Y chromosomes
57
Which types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis?
tRNA only
rRNA, only
mRNA, tRNA
mRNA, tRNA, rRNA
58
Blood types is a good example of what?
Completely recessive
Co-dominance
Complete dominance
Incomplete dominance
59
A shark and a dolphin have evolved in similar ways, but are not closely related. This is...
Co-evolution
Divergent Evolution
Punctuated Equilibrium
Convergent Evolution
60
The picture below is an example of...
The Bottleneck Effect
Artificial Selection
The Founder Effect
Natural Selection
61
Which of the following characteristics is unique only to hominids?
Live birth
Hair
The ability to walk upright (bipedal)
Providing milk to offspring
62
Replicate the following DNA strand: AGGCCT
TTTCCC
TCCGGA
AGTCAA
ACTTTT
63
Structures that serve no purpose in the current form of an organism.
Vestigial Structures
Adaptations
Homologous Structures
Analogous Structures
64
Define a covalent bond.
When atoms transfer electrons
When atoms swap electrons
When atoms give up their electrons
When atoms share electrons
