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Psychology Semester Review
Psychology Semester Review
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review for the final exam
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50 cards
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1
A likely cause of a person who experiences lack of energy and mood swings is
lesions.
hormonal imbalance.
an injury.
heredity.
2
Kyle has a fear of failure when it comes to schoolwork. What classes would he likely choose?
classes that have nothing to do with his career interests
classes that he has with a friend so he can cheat
classes that don't interest him
classes that are too easy or too hard
3
Which of the following is true about how stress affects the human body?
All stress is harmful.
All stress is good stress.
Stress cannot cause physical illness.
Stress can be an indirect or direct cause of illness.
4
If you relate new information to material that you already know, you are practicing
the spacing effect.
chunking.
the Method of Loci.
elaborative rehearsal.
5
How is a conditioned stimuls similar to an unconditioned stimulus?
Both elicit a response.
Both must be learned.
Both are natural responses that occur automatically.
Neither one elicits a response.
6
In which of these situations is a self-fulfilling prophecy least likely to occur?
an experiment using a nonrepresentative sample
a study using a stratified sample
an experiment using a random sample
an experiment using a double-blind approach
7
Which of the following groups would be most likely to experience the placebo effect?
college students
participants in a cross-sectional study
a control group
participants in a longitudinal study
8
Michael says he cannot find a good job because he is unlucky. He most likely is exhibiting
discrimmination
learned helplessness
programmed learning
aversion control
9
The owner of a landscaping business refusing to hire a qualified young woman might be an
example of identity crisis.
example of racism.
example of gender identity.
example of gender stereotyping.
10
When a test has been shown to be able to indicate future performance, psychologists say
the test is standardized.
the test has interscorer validity.
the test has test-retest validity.
the test has predictive validity.
11
Ryan often experiences a sense of choking, dizziness, nausea and chest pains. He could be
experiencing panic disorder.
experiencing a mood disorder.
experiencing a bipolar disorder.
experiencing a dissociative disorder.
12
A person who is ruminating would be most likely to repeat the following statements?
I can do this.
I am not good at this.
Tomorrow is a new day.
I will do the best I can.
13
Most researchers today believe that human behavior is determined by
neither nature nor nurture.
nurture.
a combination of nature and nurture.
nature.
14
Rebecca is autistic. Her symptoms most likely became apparent to her parents
when she was in college.
when she was approximately age three.
after she tried to hold down a job as an adult.
within weeks of being born.
15
A psychologist who uses the results of a study to solve a patient's problem is practicing
behaviorism.
applied science.
psychiatry.
basic science.
16
Genes are
not thought to influence a person's behavior.
identical in siblings who have the same parents.
passed along from parent to child.
identical in fraternal twins.
17
Gestalt principles of organization explain how we
group our sensations to make sense of the world.
see images and hear sounds.
gain information by means other than the ordinary senses.
create illusions by distorting perceptions.
18
According to Erik Erikson, a successful midlife transition for men fosters a sense of
stagnation.
generativity.
resolution.
unrest.
19
When a person subconsciously blocks memories of a painful experience, this forgetting is called
amnesia
decay
indexing
repression
20
Researchers believe we sleep in order to
recover from exhaustion and stress.
conserve energy.
All of the above are theories.
clear our minds of pointless information.
21
In Harry Harlow's study, the baby monkeys preferred
the mother that fed them even if it were wire.
the cloth monkey over the wire mother.
the first mother they touched.
the largest mother.
22
Which of the following is an example of an unpredictable reinforcement schedule?
variable interval
fixed ratio
fixed interval
continuous
23
When you recite ROY G. BIV to remember the colors, you are using a
mental story.
eidetic memory.
mnemonic device.
schema.
24
Feeling that you have the ability to affect the outcome of a situation best describes
challenge
commitment
conquest
control
25
Which part of the neuron receives messages from other neurons?
dendrites
cell body
axon terminals
synapse
26
A person suffered a head injury and could no longer hear, which part of the brain was affected?
parietal lobe
frontal lobe
temporal lobe
occipitial lobe
27
John is very creative and a talented musician, which part of his brain is likely dominant?
bottom brain
frontal brain
left brain
right brain
28
The ______theory of motivation stresses the role of environment in motivating behavior.
incentive
instinct
drive-reduction
overjustification
29
operant conditioning, secondary reinforcer, fixed-ratio schedule are most associated with
Harry Harlow
Sigmund Freud
James Watson
B.F. Skinner
30
In the drive-reduction theory a psychologist explains motivation in terms
of underlying physiological states.
of instinctual behaviors.
of social learning.
of awards and punishments.
31
The goal of classical conditioning is for a conditioned stimulus to elicit
an unconditioned stimulus.
a conditioned response.
reinforcement.
an automatic response.
32
One major difference between a psychologist and a psychiatrist is
All are true
a psychologist goes to school less
a psychiatrist is a medical doctor
a psychiatrist can prescribe medicine
33
Which of these activities can a baby do first?
crawl
roll over
sit up without support
suck
34
According to Jean Piaget, which refers to a child applying an existing schema to a new object?
assimilation.
intuitive reasoning.
accommodation.
sensorimotor intelligence.
35
According to Abraham Maslow, installing an alarm system in a house is addressing what need?
physiological need
psychological need
friendship & love needs
safety need
36
Why are questionnaires a useful way to conduct research?
The are easy to administer and provide much information
They provide a great deal of specific information.
They gather information over a long period of time.
The results have greater validity than other research method
37
Which description best explains a theory?
an assumption about how an experiment will turn out
the pursuit of knowledge about natural phenomena
information based solely on observations
an explanation based on findings from many experiments
38
Between the ages of 18 and 20,
adults began to lose some of their cognitive abilities.
adults typically reach their physical peak.
adults show significant signs of aging.
adults have difficult seeing and hearing.
39
A hypothesis is
the dependent variable.
the final conclusion.
an educated guess.
the independent variable.
40
How are quantitative research methods different from qualitative research methods?
They are more expensive.
They use nonrepresentative samples.
They generally involve larger numbers of participants.
They are usually more time-consuming.
41
It is determined that the average score for a large representative sample group is 350, scorers
have verified the test's validity.
have established the test's norm.
have standardized the way in which the test is administered.
have created a percentile system.
42
Which of the following are a symptoms of schizophrenia?
submissiveness and excessive need to be taken care of
severe deterioration in normal movement as well as delusions
suicidal thoughts and headaches
imagined aches or pains
43
A teacher gives her students tickets for good behavior. Tickets can be exchanged for candy.
This is an example of cognitive mapping.
This is an example of latent learning.
This is an example of a token economy.
This is an example of punishments.
44
A test designed to find out whether an individual would make a good teacher based on his skills
intelligence test
achievement test
interest inventory
aptitude test
45
_________ personality test such as the Rorschach can be scored in many different ways.
Projective
Objective
Assessment
Multiple-choice
46
Ellie has learned that if she jumps up and down in her crib, her father will pick her up. This
an example of operant conditioning.
is an example of classical conditioning.
is an example of avoidance conditioning.
an example of chaining.
47
A loud, and talkative classroom while taking a test could be considered a(n)
environmental stressor.
uplift.
eustress situation.
secondary appraisal.
48
According to the state-dependent learning theory, where is the best place to study for an exam?
a cool and dark room
a park with beautiful scenery
the classroom where you will take the exam
a room with no distractions
49
In which parenting style do children seem to assume responsibility gradually as they mature?
authoritative
authoritarian
permissive
uninvolved
50
The Stanford-Binet test is used to measure intelligence in terms of
reading ability.
mental age.
manual dexterity.
verbal ability.
