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APWH Period 2 Review (1450-1750) Flashcards | StudBud
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APWH Period 2 Review (1450-1750)
APWH Period 2 Review (1450-1750)
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1
Which of the following environmental innovations was UNIQUE to the challenges of sailing in the
Indian Ocean
?
An understanding of seasonal monsoon wind patterns
Learning about magnetic poles & latitude to create the astrolabe & compass
Applying paper technology to maritime maps
Creating ways that lateen sails could move with square sails.
2
In Beijing, China. Built for the "Celestial Emperor" & seat of government for 500 years. Very Confucian layout!
Ottoman Empire
Safavid Empire
Mughal Empire
Ming to Qing Empire
3
What was the Mughal Empire's policy toward different religions for most of its history (up to Emperor Aurangzeb).
Rulers were religiously tolerant, allowing majority Hinduism to continue.
Rulers tried to impose Islam on the conquered peoples of South Asia.
Rulers converted to a new religion: Sikhism
Rulers were converted to Buddhist traditions.
4
Guru Nanak founded the Sikh religion in which region?
Middle East
Russia
China
South Asia
5
Which region(s) supplied the most
SUGAR
to feed the 'sweet tooth' of the world circa 1450-1750 C.E.?
Andean South America
West and Central Africa
The Caribbean & Brazil
South & Southeast Asia
6
In setting "transoceanic interconnections" in motion, Portugal's primary motivation before 1450 was
To get direct access to the lucrative Indian Ocean trade network
To get African slaves to work on Brazilian sugar plantations
To establish new bases on the land-based silk routes
To find a mythical African Christian King named Prestor John
7
Which is the correct order of classes in the casta system? (from top to bottom)
Creole, Mestizo, Peninsulare, Mulatto
Creole, Peninsulare, Mulatto, Mestizo
Peninsulare, Creole, Mestizo, Mulatto
Peninsulare, Mesitzo,Creole, Mulatto
8
Which is an accurate definition of the Columbian Exchange?
The exchange of new plants, animals, & diseases between hemispheres.
The tribute relations that existed between Indian Ocean trading nations.
The deal made between Portugal and Spain to divide world in half.
The agreement between Columbus & Spain to explore a route to India.
9
East Asia. Took power from Ming who took over after Yuan. Confucianism. Security motivated their move into Central Asia.
Mughal Empire
Qing Empire
Ottoman Empire
Safavid Empire
10
Our Lady of Guadalupe (1746)
MOSTLY
reflects a syncretic blending of
Protestant and Catholic Christianity
Catholic Christianity and Native American culture
Native American and African cultures
Christianity and Islam
11
The Spanish discovered that they could get Asian luxury products in exchange for the
SILVER
they were mining in
South & Southeast Asia
Andean South America
West and Central Africa
The Caribbean & Brazil
12
What happened as a result of this transition in Chinese dynasties?
End of Mongol Empire led to takeover by classically Chinese dynasty.
Japanese "Ming" warriors conquered all of China.
The Mongols changed their name from "Yuan" to "Ming".
The Korean "Ming" asserted their power & took over China
13
What was
NOT
a reason for European maritime exploration and empire building?
European monarchs competed with rivals to gain status & wealth.
Europe wanted to rely on the Ottoman Empire for its trade.
Europe wanted to diffuse Christianity to new territories & peoples.
Europe wanted more luxury products like spices, silk, porcelain, etc.
14
This system of early state-sponsored Spanish colonization that relied on coerced Native labor was called
indentured servitude
chattel slavery
encomienda
mit'a
15
What is a TRUE social cause of Latin American 'Castas'?
The Spanish crown wanted to give equal rights to Natives and Africans.
European men married Native or African women, creating mixed families
Women increasingly asserting their desire for suffrage.
Whole families fled religious violence in Europe to create settler colonies
16
How is gunpowder made?
magic
combining salt and peppa
collecting angry sand
by mixing sulphur, saltpeter, and charcoal
17
In Moscow. Built by Tsar Ivan the IV ('the terrible') for the Christian Eastern Orthodox Church.
Russian Empire
French Empire
German Empire
Spanish Empire
18
After its victory in conquering all of South Asia, what best describes the Mughal Empire?
It had a small Muslim minority governing over a large Hindu majority.
It was mostly Muslim with a Hindu minority.
It was split roughly 50-50 between Buddhists and Hindus.
It was dominated by a new religion called Sikhism.
19
Aztecs demanded goods from neighboring civilizations
would be an example of how land-based empires_____.
Created Tribute collection systems
Recruited bureaucratic elites
Developed military professionals.
Generated Revenue through trade
20
How did the Unit 4 European Empires MOST differ from earlier land-based empires of Units 1, 2, & 3?
They were built by maritime conquest of regions oceans away
Merchants were involved for the first time in these empires.
They were the first to try to culturally convert people.
They were the first to transmit diseases between regions.
21
"The Cossacks" of the Russian Empire
would be an example of how land-based empires_________.
Created Tribute collection systems
Developed military professionals.
Generated Revenue through trade
Recruited bureaucratic elites
22
Located in Agra, India. It is a "MAUSOLEUM". Shah Jahan ordered it built for the tomb of his favorite wife Mumtaz.
Safavid Empire
Ming to Qing Empire
Mughal Empire
Ottoman Empire
23
What was a unique innovation of The Netherlands and England to unit 4 economics?
mercantilist joint-stock companies.
silver-backed currencies.
colonies in the Americas.
caravels using lateen sails.
24
This map of the Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade could
BEST
be used to demonstrate that
Brazil & the Caribbean were major African slave destinations
East Africa was the main source for slaves to the Americas
Europeans were invading Africa to capture slaves
The Ottoman Empire never used African slaves
25
All of the following are true of Christopher Columbus' 4 voyages
EXCEPT
:
His voyages made Europeans interested in exploring beyond Afro-Eurasia.
His mission to reach India succeeded so he established trading posts there.
His Spanish state-sponsored voyage created the 2nd maritime empire.
His ships were a new design known as a "caravel".
26
The land empire that
MOST
threatened European culture & economy, spurring European powers to explore, was
the Safavids
the Ottomans
the Mughals
the Manchu Qing
27
What is the best explanation for the demographic trend you see in this chart?
Mesoamerican chinampas were replaced with European field agriculture.
Smallpox, measles, & malaria killed 90% of Mesoamerican peoples.
There were a large number of migrants from Iberia to Mesoamerica.
European guns & cannons killed many Mesoamericans.
28
Which region(s) supplied the most
COTTON, SPICES, & SILK
to the world market circa 1450-1750 C.E.?
The Caribbean & Brazil
West and Central Africa
South & Southeast Asia
Andean South America
29
"Civil Service Examinations" of the Qing Dynasty
would be an example of how land-based empires_________.
Recruited bureaucratic elites
Developed military professionals.
Generated Revenue through trade
Created Tribute collection systems
30
So, labor was needed on plantations, much of it forced. Which type of coerced labor had been used by the Inca Empire?
Encomienda System
Mit'a
Indentured Servitude
Chattel Slavery
31
How did both the Qing Dynasty & Tokugawa Shogunate respond to European influence?
They cut off all contact with the outside world.
They promoted Asian trade but limited European missionaries & merchants.
They allowed European merchants free trading privileges.
They encouraged the spread of Christianity in their territories.
32
Sikhism is a good example of a syncretic religion that developed in this time period. What religions were combined?
Hinduism and Buddhism
Christianity and Judaism
Hinduism and Islam
Islam and Confucianism
33
Middle East. Persia. Shia Islam. Went to war with Ottomans. Ruled by a "Shah."
B) Mughal Empire
D) Ottoman Empire
C) Safavid Empire
A) Qing Empire
34
What's the best definition of "Mercantilism"?
An economic system controlling merchants for the benefit of the state.
An economic system of simple barter in basic commodities between merchants.
An economic system where governments promote free trade between merchants.
An economic system that equally distributed the profits of merchant trade.
35
For the Ottomans, "Devshirme" was a system that
Took Christian children as tributes for the army.
Forced all people in their empire to become Muslim.
Killed people as sacrifices to their gods.
Abolished slavery within the empire.
36
Which cannon would you take to war?
Qing Dynasty Cannons
Mughal Cannons
Ottoman Cannons
Russian Cannons
37
"Boats on the Great Canal" is an example of the Song
producing of goods for export
interacting with Environment in Public Works
promoting Confucianism
recruiting of Elites
38
The "casta system" was
an economic system.
a type of imperial bureaucracy.
a racially based social hierarchy.
a Latin American card game.
39
While it was diffused by the Mongols, who were the original inventors of gunpowder?
The Egyptians
The Byzantines
The Chinese
The Romans
40
In Isfahan, Iran. A mosque for SHIA Islam. Built by Shah Abbas in new capital city, it was the Royal Mosque.
Safavid Empire
Ming to Qing Empire
Mughal Empire
Ottoman Empire
41
Economically, what drove rivalries between the major states of Eurasia between 1450-1750?
The challenge to authority by local elites.
Conflict both within Christianity & between Christians with other faiths.
Disputes about the legitimacy of dynastic rule.
Competition over trade routes & resource rich territories around the world.
42
Why did the vast majority of Latin America become Catholic after 1492?
Chinese explorer Zheng He had spread it on his voyages there
Merchant traders encouraged it to ease trade
Spanish & Portuguese priests were aided by imperial rule
Martin Luther made a trip there to convert people
43
Before 1450, this empire ruled the largest land-based empire in history & "set the stage" for most Eurasian Empires.
Roman Empire
Mongol Empire
Egyptian Empire
Han Dynasty
44
"Peasant women weaving silk" in the during the Song Era demonstrates the
Interaction with Environment in Public Works
Social promotion of Confucianism
Economic production of goods for export
Political Recruitment of Elites
45
South Asia. Sunni Muslims ruling over a majority Hindu population. Were religiously tolerant until Emperor Aurangzeb.
B) Mughal Empire
C) Safavid Empire
D) Ottoman Empire
A) Qing Empire
46
How did Emperor Aurangzeb change the Mughal Empire's religious policies?
He converted to a new religion: Sikhism
He tried to impose Islam on the conquered peoples of South Asia.
He was religiously tolerant, allowing majority Hinduism to continue.
He converted to Buddhist traditions.
47
Which transfer between hemispheres would have been
MOST
responsible for the demographic trend you see after 1500 C.E.?
Horses, cattle, & pigs from Afro-Eurasia to Americas
Maize (corn), potatoes, & beans from Americas to Afro-Eurasia
Sugar, bananas, & coffee from Afro-Eurasia to Americas
Chilies, cacao, & tobacco from Americas to Afro-Eurasia
48
The first voyages of BOTH Spain and England to the Americas were motivated MOST by a
competitive urge to establish settler colonies.
missionary impulse to spread either Catholic or Protestant Christianity.
desire to find a new route to trade with Asia for luxury products.
need to find new fishing grounds to feed growing populations.
49
Which region
DID NOT
contribute navigation technologies that 15th century Europeans relied on?
East Asia
Middle East
The Americas
South Asia
50
The 'pilgrims' started a wave of British settler colonies in the Americas. What were they looking for?
They were looking for a passage to Asia.
The were looking for gold.
They were looking to spread Catholicism.
They were Protestants looking to flee religious violence.
51
The expansion of empires led to conflict. What was TRUE about the cultural reasons for the Ottoman-Safavid conflict?
One was a Muslim Empire while the other was a Hindu Empire.
They were fighting about Christianity: Catholics vs. Eastern Orthodox.
The Ottomans were Sunni Muslims while the Safavids were Shia Muslims.
They were fighting over who built the best monumental architecture.
52
M.East/N.Africa/Europe. Turks. Sunni Islam. Beat old Byzantine Empire. Fought Shia Muslims. Ruled by a "Sultan".
D) Ottoman Empire
A) Qing Empire
B) Mughal Empire
C) Safavid Empire
53
All of the following are true of the effects of the slave trade IN Africa. Which was a
SOCIAL
consequence?
The population of Africa stagnated even as Eurasia's rapidly grew.
More men were taken as slaves causing imbalances in gender and families.
Some states increased in power because they profited from the trade.
Missionaries brought Christianity into Western and Central Africa.
54
This image "The Examination Hall for the Bureaucrats" is best understood in the following context?
Social promotion of Confucianism
Economic production of goods for export
Interaction with Environment in Public Works
Political Recruitment of Elites
55
SLAVES
forcibly taken to work on the plantations of the maritime empires came mostly from
Andean South America
West and Central Africa
South & Southeast Asia
The Caribbean & Brazil
56
The BEST explanation for Europe's ability to make breakthroughs in navigation technologies would be that...
they came to them as a result of the Columbian Exchange.
Marco Polo's book had everything Europeans needed to travel Silk Roads.
all navigation technologies were invented independently in Europe.
technologies from other civilizations were diffused & improved upon.
57
Farmers who had to pay a landowner in the Ottoman Empire
would be an example of how land-based empires_____.
Developed military professionals.
Generated Revenue through trade
Created taxation systems
Recruited bureaucratic elites
58
These portraits of Emperors show how land-based imperial authorities used their__________ to legitimize their rule.
Economic powers
Cultural religious powers
Technological powers
Social powers
59
All of these civilizations participated in Unit 2 Trans-Saharan trade. How did their trade
CHANGE
in 1450-1750?
They traded salt and gold north and east into the Mediterranean system.
They captured slaves for Atlantic export in exchange for European goods.
They reduced their reliance on trade in favor of domestic production.
They used slaves for domestic household and agricultural tasks.
60
Who discovered gunpowder/how?
by alchemists trying to discover a potion of immortality
by blacksmiths looking to create better metals
by religious leaders looking for a way to scare away spirits.
by peasants who dug it up during farming
61
"The Janissaries" of the Ottoman Empire
would be an example of how land-based empires_________.
Created Tribute collection systems
Developed military professionals.
Generated Revenue through trade
Recruited bureaucratic elites
62
The "trading posts" of European maritime empires were most similarly comparable to which Unit 2 trade network?
The Silk Road
Exchange in the Indian Ocean
Regional trade in the Americas
Trans-Saharan Trade Routes
63
In Istanbul, Turkey. Mosque for SUNNI Islam. Built for Sultan Süleyman. Also a MAUSOLEUM for tombs of Sultans.
Safavid Empire
Ottoman Empire
Mughal Empire
Ming to Qing Empire
