Chapt 16 review--Abiogenesis, bacteria, archaea, and protists HONORS

Question 1

The first eukaryotes were

Accepted Answer

protists

Question 2

The first eukaryotes were similar to

Accepted Answer

Protists

Question 3

Archaea

Accepted Answer

may be more closely related to Eukaryotes than to Bacteria

Question 4

The difference between "colonial" and "multicellular" is that

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in multicellularity there is cell specialization

Question 5

Animals that digest cellulose do so

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through the action of bacteria in their digestive tracts

Question 6

clusters of rod-shaped bacteria are called

Accepted Answer

staphylobacilli

Question 7

"Kingdom" Protista deserves quotes because

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it is really more than 1 Kingdom

Question 8

We believe life was present on Earth by when?

Accepted Answer

3.8 to 3.9 billion years ago

Question 9

Why do many scientists believe that RNA may have existed before DNA?

Accepted Answer

It can act as an enzyme & hence self-replicate

Question 10

Planet Earth is how old?

Accepted Answer

4.6 billion years

Question 11

Antibiotic resistance in Bacteria arises through

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mutation and natural selection

Question 12

Gram-positive bacteria

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take a certain stain differently from Gram-negative bacteria

Question 13

Bacteria and Archaea lack

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membrane-bounded organelles

Question 14

The first organisms to evolve were

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prokaryotes

Question 15

In terms of body lengths per second, some bacteria are

Accepted Answer

way faster than you

Question 16

In humans, mother's milk is bacteria-free

Accepted Answer

false

Question 17

Which group is famous for containing many extremophiles?

Accepted Answer

Archaea

Question 18

What would have to come first in abiogenesis?

Accepted Answer

formation of monomers

Question 19

an autotroph gets its carbon where?

Accepted Answer

from CO2

Question 20

Green Plants (Kingdom Plantae) are believed to have evolved from

Accepted Answer

Green Algae

Question 21

single, rounded bacteria are referred to as

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cocci

Question 22

Protists are

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Eukaryotes

Question 23

Why do many researchers believe RNA came before DNA?

Accepted Answer

because it can sometimes catalyze its own replication, because it can act as a catalyst

Question 24

The main difference between Bacteria/Archaea and Eukaryotes is that the former

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don't have membrane-bounded nucleus or organelles

Question 25

nitrogen fixation refers to

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turning N2 from the air into nitrates or ammonia

Question 26

Protists are

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mostly single-celled Eukaryotes

Question 27

Miller and Urey's experiment showed

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a partial possible chemical route to abiogenesis

Question 28

What is the most unique thing about the prokaryotic flagellum?

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it is one of only 2 "wheels" in nature

Question 29

Protists are

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mainly unicellular eukaryotes

Question 30

In addition to chromosomal DNA, bacteria often have plasmids, which are

Accepted Answer

loops of DNA, not part of the chromosome

Question 31

Why is clay thought to have possibly played a role in abiogenesis?

Accepted Answer

charges on its surface may have helped organize monomers

Question 32

Diatomic oxygen was added to the atmosphere mostly by

Accepted Answer

Cyanobacteria

Question 33

baby humans

Accepted Answer

contain bacteria even before birth

Question 34

The earliest fossils we know of are how old?

Accepted Answer

3.5 billion years

Question 35

The early Earth's atmosphere was conspicuously short on

Accepted Answer

diatomic oxygen (O2)

Question 36

Bacteria generally have

Accepted Answer

a cell wall in addition to a plasma membrane

Question 37

a heterotroph gets its carbon where?

Accepted Answer

from organic compounds

Chapt 16 review--Abiogenesis, bacteria, archaea, and protists HONORS

Questions 37

Chapt 16 review--Abiogenesis, bacteria, archaea, and protists HONORS

Questions 37