Duplicate of AP Statistics Vocabulary

When only either the researchers or the subjects know which treatments were assigned to groups.

The variable used as a predictor variable - known as the "independent" variable in science

A sample obtained by putting individuals into like-groups and randomly choosing some from each.

A graph of the five-number summary.

When randomly selected individuals cannot be contacted or refuse to participate.

The number of standard deviations an given value is from the mean.

A non-symmetric distribution that has a distinct tail.

An event that rarely would have happened just by chance.

A number that describes some characteristic of a population.

The z* or t* used that tells us how many st. devs. to go on either side of the sample statistic

A sample by putting individuals into mixed groups and randomly choosing one group.

When the effects of two different variables on a response variable cannot be told apart.

In a data set, this is the most commonly occuring number.

The difference between an observed value and its predicted/expected value.

When the design of a study would consistently give an over or underestimate of the true value

When the right and left sides of a distribution are mirror images of each other.

Amount of "leeway" we add / subtract to our sample statistic to provide an interval estimate

An individual that falls well outside the pattern of data.

The (inaccurate) use of a regression line to estimate outside the range of the given data.

The entire group of individuals which we are interested in knowing something about.

When a distribution is even across the full range of values of the variable.

When a group of the population does not get accurate representation in a sample.

An accurate statistic used to approximate the parameter of a population is called a/an ____

Occurs when we reject the Null hypothesis when it was actually true.

The proportion of the variation that can be explained by the least-squares regression line

When it is not possible for two event to occur simultaneously.

A range of plausible values for a parameter, based on a statistic.

A sampling distribution of at least 30 will be approx normal regardless of orig population

The typical or average distance each data value is from the mean.

The probability that an event does NOT happen.

__% of all such samples would produce a range of values that would capture the true value.

When neither the researchers nor the subjects know which treatments were assigned to groups.

Study where the subjects are monitored for variables of interest but not assigned treatments

In experiments, when all variables except for the explanatory variable must be kept the same.

A diagram used to display the sample space of a chance process involving a sequence of outcomes

An inactive (fake) treatment for which some subjects may actually respond.

Minumum, Q1, Median, Q3, and Maximum values of a data set.

A common form of blocking in comparing two different treatments, often on the same subject.

A sample selected by taking individuals that were easy to reach.

A number from a sample used to estimate some characteristic of a population.

A graph of quantitative data with two clear peaks.

A study where researchers deliberately impose treatment on the individuals.

Making conclusions about a larger population based on sample data.

In a data set, the middle number when arranged numerically. It is resistant to outliers.

A sample where each individual was randomly chosen from the population.

A smaller group of individuals whose information is used to infer about a larger group.

The individuals or subjects in an experiment are called...

A sample selected by taking individuals that select themselves.

When we think a variable might affect our study, so we group similar experimental units

The probability that an event will occur given that another event has already occurred.

A statement of "no difference, no change, nothing is going on."

The proportion of observations that are lower than a particular observation.

A study that attempts to survey every individual of the population.

Explains the linear relationship between two quantitative variables, from -1 to 1.

A study where each subject has an equal chance to be assigned to all treatment groups