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Chapter 4 Cell Metabolism Flashcards | StudBud
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Chapter 4 Cell Metabolism
Chapter 4 Cell Metabolism
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This chapter investigates the way that energy is used in the human body.
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1
In the Kreb cycle, the acetyl coenzyme combines with ______ to form citric acid.
pantothenic acid
glucose
oxaloacetic acid
pyruvic acid
2
____ bond is formed when an amino group of one amino amino acid joins the acid group of another
peptide
carbohydrate
hydrated
fat
3
Most of the readily-available energy stored in ATP is stored during the ______
manufacture of adenosine
phosphorylation of ADP to form ATP
phosphorylation of AMP to ADP
decomposition of ATP to ADP
4
The exchanging of gases for the purpose of producing energy is called _____________
responsiveness
respiration
breathing
circulation
5
The most common form of a lipid that is used or burned for energy is called _______
fat
oil
cholesterol
triglyceride
6
The fundamental units found in DNA, RNA. and ATP are _____________
nucleotides
nucleic acids
nitrogenous bases
proteins
7
If glucose were oxidized completely, the reactions would yield a total of ___ ATP molecules.
36
6
2
30
8
The production of mRNA from a DNA template is termed ___________
mutation
translation
transcription
replication
9
The most significant function of proteins is to produce ________
cell structures
energy
amino acids
DNA molecules
10
The base thymine can pair with the base ________
guanine
thymine
cytosine
adenine
11
What is the anticodon for a DNA base sequence ATG?
AUG
TAG
UAC
UAG
12
What is oxidized during oxidative phosphorylation?
citric acid
glucose
carbon dioxide
hydrogen
13
Genes are functional regions found within molecules of _____
proteins
adenine bases
RNA
DNA
14
Which part of ATP contain most of the energy?
ribose
phosphate
adenine base
ADP
15
Of the following, the molecule with the greatest amount of usable energy is ________
glucose
GTP
ATP
ADP
16
Which of the following factors would increase the rate of a reaction the most?
enzyme
concentration
temperature
type f substrate
17
Carbohydrates in the diet are changed into glucose by a process of ______
hydrolysis
anabolism
catalysts
glycolysis
18
The following factors will decrease the function of most enzymes except which one?
50 degrees Celcius
pH of 7.9
pH of 7.4
radiation
19
The metabolically most active organ in the body probably is the _____
skeletal muscle
liver
heart
brain
20
Penicillin acts to render bacterial cells nonviable because it damages their ______
cell walls
cell membranes
DNA
proteins
21
The molecule that is acted upon by an enzyme is a ______
substrate
reactant
product
catlyst
22
What is the collective term for all of the chemical processes occurring within a cell?
catabolism
metabolism
synthesis
anabolism
23
The fundamental units found in DNA, RNA, and ATP are _____.
nitrogenous bases
nucleic acids
nucleotides
proteins
24
One strand of DNA is connected to the other by the _____________
phosphate groups
nitrogen bases
pentose
carbon chains
25
Excess glucose or its end products can be stored as _____ if they are not completely oxidized.
triglycerides
glycogen
pyruvate
citrate
26
Synthesis is a term, which could be used synonymously with ____
dehydration
metabolism
catabolism
anabolism
27
Energy metabolism is an expression that can be used to mean the same as __________
cellular metabolism
cellular respiration
oxidation
anabolism
28
Glycerol can enter the Kreb cycle if it is converted to ________
glucose
water
a fatty acid form
acetyl coenzyme A
