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College Bio Exam 1: Chapters 1-5 Flashcards | StudBud
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College Bio Exam 1: Chapters 1-5
College Bio Exam 1: Chapters 1-5
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1
During the breakdown of polymers, which of the following reactions takes place?
dehydration
hydrolysis
covalent bond
condensation
2
Which lists the order the steps involved in the incorporation of a proteinaceous molecule within a cell?
protein synth on ribosome; mod in ER; tagging in Golgi;distrib. via vesicle
protein synth on ribosome; mod in Golgi ; pack in ER; tag in vesicle
protein synth on lysosome; tag in Golgi;pack in the vesicle; distri in ER
protein synth on lysosome; pack in ves.; distrib via the Golgi; tag in ER
3
When acids are added to a solution, the pH should ___.
decrease
cannot tell without more testing
increase
stay the same
4
A single covalent bond forms when two atoms do which of these?
when no electrons are shared
when they share electrons
when one gives an electron to the other
when one gives two protons to the other
5
The process of ________ helps to ensure that a scientist’s research is original, significant, logical, and thorough.
publication
the scientific method
public speaking
peer review
6
Which of the following is both in eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells?
nucleus
mitochondrion
ribosomes
vacuole
7
The total number of atoms in a molecule of sucrose, C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁, is ____.
12
11
22
45
8
The _____ synthesizes secretory and membrane proteins.
golgi apparatus
rough endoplasmic reticulum
lysosome
smooth endoplasmic reticulum
9
A suggested and testable explanation for an event is called a ________.
variable
theory
control
hypothesis
10
A person has published findings that aren't testable by others.This person is most likely studying__.
physics
astrology
biology
chemistry
11
A topic is presented with new information that conflicts previous findings. What would a scientist do?
argue against the new information
ignore the new information
keep the new information to himself
evaluate the new information
12
Cellulose and starch are examples of __.
polysaccharides
monosaccharides
disaccharides
lipids
13
Phospholipids are important components of __.
the plasma membrane of cells
the ring structure of steroids
the waxy covering on leaves
the double bond in hydrocarbon chains
14
Which type of bond represents a weak chemical bond?
covalent bond
atomic bond
nonpolar covalent bond
hydrogen bond
15
Which of the following statements is not true?
water is polar
water is the most abundant molecule in the Earth's atmosphere
water stabilized temperature
water is essential for life
16
Which is the negatively charged particle located outside the nucleus of an atom?
neutron
proton
electron
isotope
17
The peer-review process for a report of the results of a study of honeybees, who would be an appropriate reviewer?
a university president
a politician that knew about bees
a biologist studying insects
a physicist that keeps bees
18
How many electrons are in the outer most shell (f orbital) in Potassium?
2
3
1
4
19
In humans, __ are used to move a cell within its environment while___ are used to move the environment relative to cell.
cilia; pseudopodia
microtubules; flagella
microfilaments; microtubules
flagella; cilia
20
Which of the following are likely topics in a biology course?
All of these.
How is a banded pipefish able to hide in its environment of seaweeds?
Why does the Texas horned lizard squirt blood out of its eyes?
What chemicals cause plant stems to lengthen or flowers to bloom?
21
Which of the following is not a component of the endomembrane system?
mitochondrion
Golgi apparatus
endoplasmic reticulum
lysosome
22
The first forms of life on Earth were ________.
microorganisms
plants
dinosaurs
birds
23
__ is the darkly staining region where rRNA synthesis occurs.
lysosome
golgi apparatus
smooth endoplasmic reticulm
nucleolus
24
Which of the following sciences is not considered a natural science?
biology
physics
astronomy
computer science
25
An atom of fluorine has nine electrons. Its second energy level has ____.
two electrons
nine electrons
seven electrons
eight electrons
26
Which of the following is stated by the cell theory?
The genetic material in cells is DNA.
Eukaryotic cells are larger than prokaryotic cells.
Living organisms are composed of cells.
All cells have a plasma membrane.
27
Plant cell walls contain __ in abundance.
starch
cellulose
lactose
glycogen
28
The ___ modifies, packages and transports proteins and lipids for distribution.
lysosome
rough endoplasmic reticulum
golgi apparatus
smooth endoplasmic reticulm
29
The type of logical thinking that uses related observations to arrive at a general conclusion is called ____.
deductive reasoning
the scientific method
hypothesis-based science
inductive reasoning
30
One isotope of carbon differs from another in which way?
number of protons
number of neutrons
number of electrons
atomic number
31
Solutions with a high hydroxide concentration are considered a(n) ____.
isotope
acidic
basic
buffer
32
Which of the following is a prokaryote?
amoeba
COVID 19
influenza A
E. coli
33
Which statement is true about bacterial cells?
The cells have no nucleus.
The cells are very large.
They are eukaryotes.
They have organelles.
34
When viewing a specimen through a light microscope, scientists use __ to distinguish the individual components of cells.
a beam of electrons
radioactive isotopes
special stains
high temperatures
35
A/An___ is a large molecule, typically formed by the joining of smaller molecules.
macromolecule
prokaryote
atom
eukaryote
36
A/An ____ is a single-celled organism that lacks organelles and does not have nuclei surrounded by a nuclear membrane.
eukaryote
population
paleontology
prokaryote
37
Unsaturated fatty acids are a long chain hydrocarbon that has one or more ___ bonds in its' chain.
double
triple
hydrophilic
single
38
__bonds btwn functional groups are important to the function of macromolecules & fold properly into approp. shape.
covalent
hydrogen
ionic
polar covalent
39
An example of a monosaccharide is __.
fructose
All of the above
glucose
galactose
40
Which particle in the nucleus of an atom has a neutral charge?
electron
neutron
silicon
proton
41
Dehydration synthesis leads to the formation of __.
water and polymers
monomers
none of the above
polymers
42
_______bonds connect two strands of DNA together to create the double-helix structure.
covalent
ionic
hydrogen
polar covalent
43
___ are found in tissues that stretch and act as spot welds.
plasmodesmata/gap junction
tight junctions
microtubules
desmosomes
44
Mad cow disease causes misfolded protein. What type of protein is impacted?
quaternary
primary
secondary
tertiary
45
The head of a phospholipid is ___ and the tail of the phospholipid is ___.
hydrophilic; hydrophobic
hydrophobic; hydrophobic
hydrophobic; hydrophilic
hydrophilic; hydrophilic
46
A nucleotide of DNA may contain ___.
ribose, thymine, and a phosphate group
deoxyribose, thymine, and a phosphate group
ribose, uracil, and a phosphate group
deoxyribose, uracil, and a phosphate group
47
Prokaryotes depend on __ to obtain materials and get rid of wastes.
ribosomes
cell division
diffusion
flagella
48
A(An) ___ is a suggested explanation for an observation, which one can test.
results
experiment
hypothesis
peer review
49
Each carbon molecule can bond with as many as ___ other atom(s) or molecule(s).
4
6
8
2
50
___ form channels that allow ions and nutrients to move between cells.
plasmodesmata/gap junction
tight junctions
microtubules
desmosomes
51
A _____ is a large plant organelle that regulates water concentrations and contributes to cell expansion.
chloroplast
smooth endoplasmic reticulm
nucleolus
central vacuole
52
The monomers that make up proteins are called ___.
nucleotides
amino acids
disaccharides
chaperones
53
Select MOST encompassing to LEAST(skin cell,elephant, water molecule,Earth,tropical rainforest,H atom, wolfpack,liver)
Earth, hydrogen atom
hydrogen atom, Earth
tropical rainforest, hydrogen atom
Earth, water molecule
54
The a-helix and B-pleated sheet are part of which protein structure?
quaternary
secondary
tertiary
primary
55
A/An____ is an organism with cells that have nuclei and membrane-bound organelles.
eukaryote
atom
prokaryote
macromolecule
56
A(An) ___ is a tested and confirmed explanation for observations or phenomena.
peer review
conclusion
scientific theory
theory
57
____ are water tight seals between animal cells and prevent materials from leaking.
desmosomes
microtubules
tight junctions
plasmodesmata/gap junction