Final Exam Review

Question 1

_____ proposed a theory of psychosocial development involving eight stages.

Accepted Answer

Erik Erikson

Question 2

Giving a treat to your dog when it rolls over is called:

Accepted Answer

positive reinforcement

Question 3

Stanley Milgram conducted an experiment on:

Accepted Answer

obedience

Question 4

_____ is an emotional tie between infant and parent. Studied by Harlow and Ainsworth.

Accepted Answer

Attachment

Question 5

When Cordelia speeds, she says it is an emergency. When she sees others speed, she thinks they're irresponsible.

Accepted Answer

actor-observer bias

Question 6

Ivan Pavlov has been credited with the initial discovery of:

Accepted Answer

classical conditioning.

Question 7

_____ are the chemical messengers of the nervous system.

Accepted Answer

Neurotransmitters

Question 8

In John Watson's "Little Albert" experiment, what was the UCS?

Accepted Answer

The loud noise

Question 9

Solomon Asch conducted a study on:

Accepted Answer

conformity

Question 10

Which lobe processes what you hear?

Accepted Answer

temporal

Question 11

Val works for a pharmaceutical company helping them test the efficacy of new drugs.

Accepted Answer

biopsychologist

Question 12

Humanistic psychology emphasizes

Accepted Answer

free will and self determination

Question 13

Stress can decrease the effectiveness of the immune system. This is known as:

Accepted Answer

immunosuppression

Question 14

Psychologists who assess and treat people with severe psychological disorders are _____ psychologists.

Accepted Answer

Clinical

Question 15

Willow knows cheating is wrong. After cheating on a test, she experiences:

Accepted Answer

cognitive dissonance

Question 16

Knowing that even when something changes shape or appearance, the physical properties remain the same.

Accepted Answer

conservation

Question 17

Scientists rely on observation and objective evidence.

Accepted Answer

empirical method

Question 18

Sigmund Freud was the founder of this school of psychology:

Accepted Answer

psychoanalysis

Question 19

Which lobe processes visual information?

Accepted Answer

occipital

Question 20

In Pavlov's experiment, the salivating to the sound of a bell is a(n):

Accepted Answer

conditioned response

Question 21

Rewarding successive approximations toward a target behavior is called:

Accepted Answer

shaping

Question 22

The two hemispheres of the brain are specialized for different functions.

Accepted Answer

lateralization

Question 23

Marshawn prioritizes sleep to help him transfer new learning into long-term memory

Accepted Answer

consolidation

Question 24

The sympathetic nervous system controls:

Accepted Answer

the fight or flight response

Question 25

After exposure to additional and possibly inaccurate information, a person may misremember the original event

Accepted Answer

misinformation effect paradigm

Question 26

The first psychology laboratory was established in Germany by

Accepted Answer

Wilhelm Wundt

Question 27

Mr. Monk gets a head injury and cannot remember who he is

Accepted Answer

retrograde amnesia

Question 28

Which form of learning would most likely be studied in a Skinner box?

Accepted Answer

operant conditioning

Question 29

Rosa repeats Amy's phone number in her head until she can enter it into her phone

Accepted Answer

rehearsal

Question 30

Lucy cannot form new memories after her accident

Accepted Answer

anterograde amnesia

Question 31

Members of a decision-making group focused on reaching a consensus rather than critically examining the issue.

Accepted Answer

Groupthink

Question 32

A predisposition or vulnerability to a disorder

Accepted Answer

diathesis

Question 33

The early school of psychology know as functionalism was developed by

Accepted Answer

William James

Question 34

Which variable refers to the outcome/results?

Accepted Answer

dependent

Question 35

Scientists will often repeat studies with different samples to determine reliability.

Accepted Answer

replication

Question 36

A type of long-term memory of facts and events we personally experience

Accepted Answer

declarative

Question 37

What part of the neuron receives messages from other neurons?

Accepted Answer

dendrites

Question 38

Research method in which IVs are manipulated and allows for causation to be determined

Accepted Answer

Experiment

Question 39

A girl bumps into Jasmine in the hall without apologizing. She assumes the girl is careless and inconsiderate.

Accepted Answer

dispositional attribution

Question 40

Neurons do not physically touch one another. The space between them is known as the:

Accepted Answer

synapse

Question 41

You yell at your teenager for not cleaning their room. They clean their room to get rid of your yelling.

Accepted Answer

negative reinforcement

Question 42

Dave gives his son a piece of candy instead of Tylenol. His son says his headache is gone.

Accepted Answer

placebo effect

Question 43

When Judy earns an "A" on a test, she says it is because she is very smart. When she fails, she blames the teacher.

Accepted Answer

self-serving bias

Question 44

B.F. Skinner, with his pigeons, studied learning that occurs due to reward and punishment. This is known as:

Accepted Answer

Operant Conditioning

Question 45

_____ refers to the ability of the brain to adapt itself after trauma or surgical alteration.

Accepted Answer

Neuroplasticity

Question 46

Bo obeys the speed limit only because he wants to avoid a speeding ticket. This is Kohlberg's _____ level.

Accepted Answer

preconventional

Question 47

Jean Piaget was famous for stages of __________ development

Accepted Answer

cognitive

Question 48

Information learned more recently hinders the recall of older information

Accepted Answer

retroactive interference

Question 49

Your memory of graduating high school is a(n)

Accepted Answer

episodic memory

Question 50

Research strategy in which neither participants nor researchers know which condition participants are in

Accepted Answer

Double-blind

Question 51

Cause or causes of a psychological disorder

Accepted Answer

etiology

Question 52

What type of study allows you to examine the relationship between variables?

Accepted Answer

correlational study

Final Exam Review

Questions 52

Final Exam Review

Questions 52