6th Grade Ch 3 part 1 (3.1-3.4) test

any trembling or shaking of the earth's crust is called an

scientist who study earthquakes

the volcanic belt that encircles the edge of the Pacific ocean

The point underground where an earthquake begins

formed by eruptions composed mostly of tephra or small fragments of solidified lava

the vent, which releases the pressure from the magma chamber is what we call a

The study of the earth and its structure is called

a dormant volcano is one that hasn't erupted in many years and is now considered inactive

type of volcano that is formed when alternating layers of fluid lava and tephra build up a steep symetrical mt

the earth's oceans contain underwater mountain ranges called

the study of earthquakes is called

layer that consists of molten iron and nickel in the liquid form

Scientist who study the structure of the earth

Magnitude is the strength of an earthquake

Mass of hot metal, but remains in solid state because of the much greater pressure upon it

The most famous scale used to measure earthquake strength

type of eruption in which a volcano produces a lava fountains or fire curtains

type of weathering caused when natural acids slowly eat into a rock and break it apart

the outermost layer of the earth is called

melted rock inside the earth

The temperature of the rocks in the earth decrease with depth

a volcano that has not erupted in recorded history or are unlikely to ever erupt again are called

A magma chamber is a large reservoir a few miles beneath the earth's surface that contains magma

The process that causes rocks to gradually break or crumble into smaller pieces

after reaching the earth's surface, molten rock is called

the break that apears at the boundary between two moving masses of rock

a depression at the top of a volcano is called a

part of the earth's core that is solid

a hole or crack in the ground that serves as an escape vent for underground gases

a dormant volcano is one that has recently erupted or considered likely to erupt in the near future

when lava fragments solidify almost instantly into fragments of rocks this is called

the earth's crust is made of several individual ___ that float like rafts on the soft rock of the upper mantle

the boundary between the earth's crust and mantle is called

the innermost layer of the earth

The __ of an earthquake is the place at ground level that is directly above the focus

Beneath the earth's crust lies the ___, the middle layer of the earth

this type of volcano forms when large amounts of fluid, runny lava gradually build up a dome-shaped mountain

an eruption that occurs when a volcano expels hot clouds of gas and dust high into atmosphere

an opening caused by trapped gases that blast their way through the earth's surface

the sudden movements of the Pacific plate under the ocean floor also created monstrous waves called

takes place when rock is broken down by water, ice, or windblown sand