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VCE Psychology - Unit 3 AOS 2 Review Flashcards | StudBud
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VCE Psychology - Unit 3 AOS 2 Review
VCE Psychology - Unit 3 AOS 2 Review
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1
In operant conditioning, behaviour can be changed by
C regular rewards
B innate reflexes
D reinforcement & punishment
A imitation from a model
2
According to the Atkinson-Shiffrin model "sensory memory"
none of the above
holds small amounts for a long time
hold on to only what we can see visually
holds large amount of info for a short period of time
3
In operant conditioning, positive reinforcement involves
Removing a pleasant stimulus to decrease the likelihood of a behavior
Removing an unpleasant stimulus to increase the likelihood of a behavior
Adding a pleasant stimulus to increase the likelihood of a behavior
Adding an unpleasant stimulus to decrease the likelihood of a behavior
4
Which is an example of Operant Conditioning?
a boy learning to ride a bike by watching his brother
a girl practicing spelling Mississippi until she gets it
Dog learning to beg at the table after being fed by begging
a baby learns to startle every time a doorbell rings
5
Encodes procedural memory
Basal Ganglia and Cerebellum
Amygdala and Hippocampus
Cerebellum
Basal Ganglia
6
In operant conditioning, antecedents are best described as ______.
stimulus or response
conditioned or unconditioned
rewards or punishment
cues or prompts
7
procedural memory
implicit memory
explicit memory
8
In terms of the Atkinson–Shiffrin multi-store model of memory, sensory memory
Has a smaller capacity than short-term memory
Has the same function as short-term memory
Has a greater duration than short-term memory
Has a greater capacity than short-term memory
9
Alzheimer's disease- Tangles are made of:
knots in your hair
tau
myelin
beta-amyloid
10
Meaning of Semantic Memory
Mental Diary
Factual Information
Accoustic
Unlimited Capacity
11
What is episodic memory?
Remembering individual and personal experiences
Knowing how many siblings you have
Remembering facts
Remembering episodes of Friends
12
In the three-phase process of operant conditioning, the antecedent condition is also known as
The discriminative stimulus
The reward
The reinforcer
The behavioural outcome
13
which is an example of an implicit memory
recalling the name of your JH math teacher
describing the taste of a birthday cake
remembering how to tie your shoelace
recognizing a celebrity
14
Which part of the brain is most likely to be affected in people with Aphantasia?
Neocortex
Hippocampus
Cerebellum
Amygdala
15
In operant conditioning, positive punishment means...
adding something positive in order to stop the behaviour
removing something aversive in order to stop the behaviour
removing something positive in order to stop the behaviour
adding something aversive in order to stop the behaviour
16
Encodes classically conditioned memory
Basal Ganglia
Neocortex
Amygdala and Hippocampus
Cerebellum
17
Stores classically conditioned memory
Amygdala and Hippocampus
Neocortex
Cerebellum
Basal Ganglia
18
According to Atkinson and Shiffrin, the duration of short-term memory is...
15-25 seconds
15-30 seconds
20-30 seconds
20-40 seconds
19
Receiving a food token for a desired behaviour is an example of operant conditioning
True
False
20
The Method of Loci/Memory Palace mnemonic device is...
associating items you want to remember with a list of number-word pairs
Associating items you want to remember with an imaginary or familiar place
21
Explicit Memory
Can only hold pieces of information for a short while
Facts and experiences that one consciously knows
Search for information that support our beliefs
Important things are stored like knowledge, skills, and experiences
22
Operant Conditioning
Pavlov
Watson
Gestalt
Skinner
23
In Atkinson and Shiffrin's model, Sensory memory has a duration of
1-30 seconds
12-30 seconds
0.3-3 seconds
0.3-30 seconds
24
Classical Conditioning
Skinner
Bandura
Piaget
Pavlov
25
Motivation is the fourth stage of observational learning and involves an individual’s
ability to mentally reproduce the behaviour.
desire to learn a behaviour.
ability to pay attention to the model.
consequences of performing a behaviour
26
Atkinson-Shiffrin Model
model; describes three types memory: prospective, retrospective, implicit
model; describes three types memory: implicit, explicit, sensory
A model for describing memory; three distinguishable kinds: SM, STM, LTM
a multilevel classification system based on common properties among items
27
Encodes semantic memories
Amygdala and Hippocampus
Basal ganglia
Neocortex
Cerebellum
28
Sung narratives and songlines
use narrative and song to transmit information
use written words and images to transmit information
29
Sung narrative used by oral cultures...
Helps to create links between landscape features & events from the past
Is only used by Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people
Is how groups of people remember the words of current day songs
Is a relatively new form of mnemonic
30
Which of the following is not an element of the Aboriginal learning framework?
Relationships
Story sharing.
Community links
Land links.
31
Identify the
neutral stimulus
:
Whistle
Dog
Food
Salivation
32
During the "before conditioning" phase in Classical Conditioning, neutral stimulus will produce a response
False
True
33
Stages of observational learning: Attention, Retention...
Motivation, Reproduction, Reinforcement
Motivation, Reinforcment, Reproduction
Reproduction, Motivation, Reinforcement
Reinforcment, Motivation, Reproduction
34
In the Atkinson-Shiffrin Model, info can be transferred from short-term to long-term memory by
encoding
retrieval
sensory memory
35
Observational learning
Cognitive theory
Behaviourism
Social learning
Constructivism
36
Aphantasia is when people cannot form _____ in their minds.
visual images
auditory sounds
37
A procedural memory is...
A memory very vivid almost life-like memory
A memory of an specific life event
A memory of for colors and numbers
A memory of how to do a specific task
38
Classical Conditioning
A type of learning in which behavior is acquired by observing others
Learning that occurs without apparent reinforcement
A type of learning in which behavior is shaped by its consequences
A type of learning in which a person learns to associate a neutral stimulus
39
In classical conditioning, the neutral stimulus becomes the _____ after conditioning.
Unconditioned Stimulus
Unconditioned Response
Conditioned Stimulus
Conditioned Response
40
Which type of LTM involves knowing that ‘the sky is blue’, ‘the English alphabet has 26 letters’, and ‘8 – 2 = 6’?
Procedural memory.
Implicit memory.
Semantic memory.
Episodic memory.
41
Aphantasia is
a form of neurodiversity
an inability to create visual images in your mind
all of the above
an amazing example of how different our brains and minds can be
42
In Operant Conditioning, Negative Punishment ...
Decreases the likelihood the behaviour will not be repeated
Increases the likelihood of the behaviour being repeated
Increases the likelihood of the learner repeating behaviour
Is another name for Response Cost
43
Learning from experiencing consequences and reinforcements is an example of Operant Conditioning
False
True
44
What is alzhiemers
a progressive brain disorder that destroys memory
when the brain stops working bc of cell damage
memory loss
progressive cell growth
45
What is the capacity of the Long Term Memory according to Atkinson & Shiffrin?
Unlimited
7+-2
It depends on the rehearsal technique used
18-20 seconds
46
Which part of the brain is most affected by Alzhiemers disease?
hippocampus
corpus callosum
pons
cerabellum
47
Kirra watching a community dance performance is a combination of ?
Classical conditioning and story sharing
Operant conditioning and symbols and images.
Observational learning and non-verbal.
Observational learning and land links
48
Attention is the _______ process of observational learning.
Fourth
Second
Third
First
49
Songlines used as mnemonics in oral cultures are most like the mnemonic called ____ in written cultures
method of loci
acrostic
acronym
rehearsal
50
In the Atkinson-Shiffrin Model info in Long-Term memory can move back to Short-Term memory thru
sensory memory
encoding
retrieval
