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Duplicate of Duplicate of Duplicate of Duplicate of Psych_Chapter 9_Intelligence Flashcards | StudBud
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Duplicate of Duplicate of Duplicate of Duplicate of Psych_Chapter 9_Intelligence
Duplicate of Duplicate of Duplicate of Duplicate of Psych_Chapter 9_Intelligence
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1
different cultures have different expectations put on those who belong to it.
False
True
2
What is the Triarchic Theory of Intelligence?
belief that people may be more advanced in three areas
belief that people may be more or less advanced in three areas
belief that people may be less advanced in three areas
the belief that people are advanced in all areas, not just three
3
Better health outcomes among youth and longevity are associated with
normal intelligence quotient (IQ)
there is no correlation between health and IQ
higher intelligence quotient (or IQ)
lower intelligence quotient (or IQ)
4
Most languages are oral, generated through speaking
True
False
5
Eugenics is the proposal that one could improve the human species by
discouraging romantic relationships between those with "desirable" genetics
encouraging romantic relationships between those with "desirable" genetics
encouraging/permitting reproduction of those with "desirable" genetics
prohibiting reproduction of those with "desirable" genetics
6
What is Borderline Intelligence?
disorder ascribed to people who have an IQ above 90
disorder ascribed to people who have an IQ below 90
disorder ascribed to people who have an IQ below 70
disorder ascribed to people who have an IQ above 70
7
what is the wernicke's are of the brain responsible for?
language recognition
language comprehension
language production
processing sound waves
8
What are the four concepts language is broken into?
phonemes, graphemes, syntax, morphemes
phonemes, graphemes, syntax, motophemes
phonemes, grouphemes, syntax, motophemes
phonemes, morphemes, syntax, contextual information
9
Where is language stored in the brain?
left cerebral cortex
hippocampus
amagdyla
right cerebral cortex
10
What is generatively?
speakers of language can compose sentences to represent new ideas
non-language speakers cannot compose sentences or new ideas
language speakers cannot compose sentences to represent new ideas
language speakers can compose sentences but not new ideas
11
When babies are about 6-8 weeks old they practice by making vowel sounds
True
False
12
Intelligence is negatively correlated to criminal behavior
True
False
13
What do biased tests do?
predicts the future grades of a student, better for one group
predict outcome, such as grades, occupational success, better for one group
predicts the future occupational success, better for one group
predict outcome, such as grades, occupational success, better for no group
14
Where is the wernicke's area of the brain?
to the left of the auditory cortex
next to the auditory cortex
to the right of the auditory cortex
in front of the auditory cortex
15
What are phonemes?
string of one or more graphemes that make up smallest units of meaning
made up of a combination or morphemes
the smallest unit of sound that makes a meaningful difference in language
speakers of different languages are able to hear the difference
16
What are the two things that language involves?
ability to comprehend spoken or written words
create communication in real time when speaking or writing
none of the above
all of the above
17
There are several reasons why people thought there was link between race/IQ: stereotypes, prejudice, access to education
True
False
18
How many concepts is language broken up into?
2
9
5
4
19
What is the categorical perception of speech sounds?
English speakers are not able to hear the differences
speakers of different languages are not able to hear the difference in all
speakers of different languages are not impacted at all
speakers of different languages are able to hear the difference
20
What are some other considerations taken into account with borderline intelligence?
deficits experienced since childhood
people who have trouble with life skills (dressing/feeding themselves)
all of the above
difficulty communicating with others
21
Intelligence tests can predict success in academic performance
False
True
22
What do people in Eastern cultures tend to see in terms of intelligence?
extreme emphasis on individual intelligence
high emphasis on individual intelligence
no emphasis on individual intelligence
less emphasis on individual intelligence
23
How many phonemes does English contain?
60
100
40
45
24
What are characteristics of good intelligence tests?
rare, valid, constructed, valid, standardization
reasonable, invalid, constructed, validity, strong
reliable, invalid, construct, validity, strong
reliable, valid, construct validity, standardized
25
What is aphasia?
a condition where language function is severely boosted
when you have trouble understanding language but can produce it
when you can understand speech but have difficulty producing it
a condition where language functions are severely impaired
26
Language learning begins even before birth because the fetus can hear muffled versions of speaking from outside the womb
False
True
27
Eugenics became popular in Canada and the USA in the early 20
th
century
False
True
28
At what age do infants begin babbling?
4 months
10 months
7 months
12 months
29
What are morphemes?
string of graphemes that make up small units of meaning
string of one phoneme that makes up large units of meaning
String of one or more phonemes that make up small units of meaning
string 3 or more phonemes that make up no units of meaning
30
What do people in western cultures tend to see in terms of intelligence?
a personality variable that is not important or admired
an important personality variable that should be admired
an important personality variable that should not be admired
a personality variable that is not important but is admired
31
Intelligence allows us to have language
True
False
32
The ability to accurately assess intelligence is one of the most important contributions of psychology to everyday life
False
True
33
What is the Broca's area responsible for?
language comprehension
language production
sound recognition
sight recognition
34
What is language?
system of communication that does not use symbols to create meaning
ability to think, learn and solve problems
a way all species communicate with each other
system of communication that uses symbols in regular way to create meaning
35
When do children understand their first words?
4 months
8 months
6 months
12 months
36
Sex differences are due to both genetics and socialization
False
True
37
How many categories is borderline intelligence divided into?
7
2
4
5
38
As infants, boys and girls show no or few differences in spatial or counting abilities
True
False
39
IQ has both genetic and environmental causes
False
True
40
Robert Sternberg was an advocate for the idea of multiple intelligences
False
True
41
At 2 years old, infants have a vocabulary of several hundreds words
True
False
42
When does an infant produce their first word?
10 months
1.5 years
8 months
1 year
43
Crystallized Intelligence increases with age
True
False
44
The biggest factor that influences educational, occupational, economic and social outcomes is
environment
intelligence
genetics
socio-economic advantage
45
What are some of the tasks you may be asked to do in the Stanford-Binet Intelligence Test
all of the above
memory for pictures, repeating sentences
following commands
vocabulary and naming familiar objects
46
IQ distribution varies by sex
True
False
47
What is the Stanford-Binet Intelligence Test?
measure of all intelligence
measure of some intelligences
the test used to find out IQ score
measure of general intelligence
48
What is deep structure?
how an idea is represented in the fundamental universal grammar
when we forget how we learned a skill
when we remember how we learned a skill
how an idea is expressed in any one language
49
What is convergent thinking?
thinking that is directed toward finding a correct answer to given problem
thinking that is directed towards finding answers to all problems
ability to generate many different ideas or solutions to a single problem
thinking that everybody does flawlessly
50
Criminal behaviour is correlated to
lower intelligence quotience (or IQ)
higher socio-economic status
there is no correlation
higher intelligence quotient (or IQ)
51
Charles Spearman believed that "the different abilities and skills measured on intelligence tests" have this in common
the general intelligence factor
factors of multiple intelligence
52
Why is intelligence important?
because anything to do with the brain is important to study
because it impacts the most immediate aspect of daily life
because it has an impact on many human behaviours
because it has a negative correlation with criminal behaviour
53
What are the four categories of borderline intelligence?
mild, medium, severe, extreme
medium, moderate, extreme, stationary
mild, severe, moderate, profound
mild, medium, moderate, severe
54
Psychologist Charles Spearman suggested that there is a single underlying construct measured by the intelligence tests
False
True
55
According to Binet and Simon, the Intelligence Tests in Schools can assess
ocular and auditory processing
the biochemical basis of learning
the basic abilities to understand, reason and make judgements
perception of risk, danger and harm
56
Most morphemes are made up of a combination of phonemes
False
True
57
Alfred Binet and Henri Simon developed what
the nature vs nurture theory
Intelligence Tests in Schools
the job performance measure system
the concept of biological determinism
58
Intelligence can predict performance across all types of jobs
True
False
59
the WAIS shows high reliability and substantial construction validity
False
True
60
at what age does babbling use the sounds of the language their parents speak?
8 months
10 months
1 year
18 months
61
Noam Chomsky argued that human brains contain a language acquisition device that includes a universal grammar
True
False
62
Intelligence is located in a specific part of the brain
True
False
63
Practical intelligence refers to intelligence that cannot be gained from books or formal learning
True
False
64
The best measure of human intelligence is Intelligence Quotient (or IQ)
False
True
65
How many intelligences did Howard Gardiner believe there was?
6
3
8
10
66
Intelligence allows us to have language and the ability to communicate
False
True
67
What are the three areas of Triarchic theory of intelligence?
applied intelligence, creative intelligence, practical intelligence
analytical intelligence, creative intelligence, practical intelligence
analytical intelligence, written intelligence, applied intelligence
analytical intelligence, spatial intelligence, awareness intelligence
68
fluid intelligence decreases with age
True
False
69
Crystallized Intelligence is the...
accumulated knowledge of the world- acquired through life
capacity to learn new ways of preforming skills
intelligence that does not change
capacity to learn new ways of solving problems
70
What is contextual information?
laws and morals that surround people who play the piano
the information surrounding language
assumptions that surround the rules of the language
rules that people who speak the language follow
71
According to psychologist Steven Pinker:
cognition is genetically determined
cognition is the product of socialization
language sets us apart from animals
language is the jewel in the crown of cognition
72
Infants are born able to understand all phonemes, but they lose their ability to do so as they get older
False
True
73
What is divergent thinking?
thinking that is directed towards finding the correct answer
intelligence that cannot be gained from books or formal learning
the ability to generate many different solutions to a single problem
thinking that is directed towards finding multiple answers
74
Creative intelligence is...
mental steps or components used to solve problems
the ability to think creatively, produce art work, and written language
the use of experiences in ways that foster insight
ability to read and adapt to the contexts of everyday
75
Intelligence is strongly related to successful education, occupation and economic/ social outcomes
True
False
76
L.L. Thurstone proposed there are 7 clusters of primary mental abilities
False
True
77
Fluid intelligence is...
something that increases with age
the capacity to learn new ways of solving problems and preforming activity
the accumulated knowledge of the world- acquired through life
something that decreases with age
78
Analytic Intelligence is...
ability to read and adapt to the contexts of everyday
mental steps or components used to solve problems
use of experiences in ways that foster insight
the ability to analyze and compare previous experiences
79
What does contextual information include?
nonverbal expressions such as facial expressions, postures, gestures, etc.
none of the above
all of the above
knowledge that we have and that we know that other people have
80
Phonemes are produced by the positions and movement in the vocal track
True
False
81
What is the stereotype threat?
threats that are made towards group of people based on prejudiced thoughts
performance decreases that is caused by knowledge of cultural stereotypes
performance increases is caused by knowledge of cultural stereotypes
performance is unchanged by knowledge of cultural stereotypes
82
Practical intelligence is the..
mental steps or components used to solve problems
ability to practically apply past experiences to current situations
use of experiences in ways that foster insight
ability to read and adapt to the contexts of everyday
83
A system of communication that uses symbols in a regular way to create meaning is
language
intelligence
genetic code
speech
84
Lynn and Vanhanen found that differences in income correlated with the racial differences in IQ
False
True
85
We gain practical intelligence through experience and social interactions
True
False
86
What is an Aptitude Test?
designed to measure one's ability to perform a given task
designed to measure a groups ability to perform a given task
designed to measure a groups ability to cope under stress
designed to measure a groups ability to cope under pressure
87
what is general intelligence factor?
different abilities/ skills measured on intelligence tests have in common
measure of specific skills in narrow domains
measure of all skills in any given domain
measure of non specific skills in wide domains
88
What is syntax?
set of assumptions that a language uses to create rules and laws
set of preferences of a language by which we construct meaning
laws and principles that guide the rules that guide the language
set of rules of a language by which we construct sentences
89
Speaking involves a variety of simple cognitive, social and biological processes
True
False
90
What is Broca's aphasia?
having a difficult time remembering from a list of nouns
when you can understand speech but have difficulty producing it
a condition in which language function is severely impaired
having trouble understanding language but can produce speech
91
The ability to think, learn from experience, solve problems and adapt to new situations is
human intelligence
based on the fight or flight principle
genetic predeterminism
instinctual
92
Where is the Broca's area of the brain?
in the hippocampus
in the amagydala
in the front of the left hemisphere near the motor cortex
in the thalamus
93
What is the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale?
least used intelligence test for adults; based on a person's IQ
least used intelligence test for adults; not based on a persons IQ
most widely used intelligence test for adults; not based on a persons IQ
most widely used intelligence test for adults; based on a person's IQ
94
Higher intelligence is related to
understanding instructions (i.e. drug labels)
all of these
being able to predict harm
being able to avoid accidents
95
Genetics play a bigger role than environment in creating IQ differences among individuals
True
False
96
What is standard deviation?
most commonly used measure of dispersions
least commonly used measure of dispersions
Distributions with smaller standard dispersions have more spread
Distributions with larger standard dispersions have more spread
97
Syntax is the same in every language
True
False
98
What are the 7 of Thurstone's proposed clusters of primary mental abilities
none of the above
Numerical ability, inductive reasoning, memory
all of the above
word fluency, verbal comprehension, spatial ability, perceptual speed
99
What is specific intelligence?
different skills measured on intelligence tests have in common
measure of any skill in a narrow domain
different abilities measured on intelligence tests have in common
measure of specific skills in narrow domains
100
These two researchers developed a test that would help teachers better educate better learners from slower learners
Alfred Binet and Henri Simon
Plato and Aristotle
Pavlov and Pinker
Freud and Goffman
