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Coronary Vascular Disease, CAD, PAD, EKG, HF, HTN Flashcards | StudBud
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Coronary Vascular Disease, CAD, PAD, EKG, HF, HTN
Coronary Vascular Disease, CAD, PAD, EKG, HF, HTN
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1
What value is considered moderate disease for ankle brachial index?
0.91 - 1.30
0.41 - 0.70
0.71 - 0.90
0.00 - 0.40
2
what are nursing interventions for a LOW MAP
administer antihypertensive medications
monitor for signs of end-organ damage
Use vasopressors like norepinephrine
admin IV fluids or blood products
3
what are triggers for unstable angina *unpredictable and comes as a surprise*
usually lasts longer than 15 mins
can lead to myocardial infarction
can occur during sleep, rest, or physical activity
worsens over time and is not relieved by rest or medication
4
Critical limb ischemia can be an early sign of PAD
True
False
5
Adv Therapy for HF: Heart transplant is a surgically implanted mechanical support that helps pump blood from LV to body
False
True
6
Choose everything that is true of systolic HTN
caused by arterial stiffness, aging
common in older adults
increased risk of stroke and HF
elevated bottom number (>80)
elevated top number (>130)
common in younger adults
7
there are 3 key organs which are affected by map, what are they???
LIVER
HEART
KIDNEYS
BRAIN
8
what are things to consider when pt is considered for thrombolytic therapy
we need pre procedural labs like PT, PTT, WBC, Platelets, Hematocrit
during and after: monitor VS, observe for bleeding + s/sx allergic rxn
check on other patients, this one is lower on priority list and can wait
during and after: check peripheral pulses, color, temp, CSM
9
In determining pack year history you: multiply packs smoked per day by amount of years
False
True
10
a BP> 180/120 w/ target organ damage = HTN emergency and BP > 180/120 with damage= HTN urgency
False
True
11
An implantable cardiac defibrilator or ICD is an adv. therapy for HF and is also called a pacemaker
False
True
12
what are interventions nurses do when oxygen demand is too high and its increasing workload of <3
leave patient alone because they can rest more when alone
increasing O2 with medical intervention
encourage frequent ambulation and exercise independently
decreasing workload with rest and medications
13
for segmental BP: take @ thigh, below knee + ankle. >30pts=PAD
False
True
14
a pt w/ ADHF is prescribed IV Furosemide, what is the primary goal?
improve oxygenation
reduce fluid overload and pulmonary congestion
increase cardiac contractility
decrease systemic vascular resistance
15
What value is considered severe disease for ankle brachial index?
0.00 - 0.40
0.71 - 0.90
0.41 - 0.70
0.91 - 1.30
16
choose everything thats true about diastolic HTN
the top number is >130
caused by vascular resistance, stress
common in younger adults
the bottom number is >80
caused by atherosclerosis
at an increased risk for kidney disease and organ damage
17
what are some typical s/sx and male s/sx?
dizziness, fainting
exhaustion, fatigue
SOB
Angina and chest pressure
18
what are nursing interventions for a HIGH MAP
admin IV fluids or blood products
administer antihypertensive medications
Use vasopressors like norepinephrine
monitor for signs of end-organ damage
19
stable angina is predictable and manageable.
False
True
20
we use an ankle brachial index and segmental BP to diagnose PAD
False
True
21
what is some nursing care to consider for PAD driven amputation
post op VS, monitoring for bleeding/infection, cough and deep breath
pain management, PT, OT, Rehab
patient education, discharge planning, prothetic eval/fitting
create a shame-free environmnet
22
Nitroglycerin is a vasoconstrictor which works to reduce the workload of the heart and treats angina
False
True
23
Unstable angina is defined as
caused by damaged areas of artery that make blood clot formation easy
controllable and predictable with medication
atherosclerosis
blood clots that block an artery in the heart
24
what might be goals of a nursing care plan for pt with PAD
knowledge of disease and plan to treat
relief of pain and increased exercise tolerance
lessening edema in extremeties
knowledge of fast food restaurants in the area
intact, healthy skin on all extremeties
adequate tissue perfusion
25
HTN can cause major affects to target organs, such as:
CAD, PVD, cerebrovascular disease
Left ventricular hypertrophy
hemmorhage
renal insufficiency
26
intermittent claudication is cutting off blood supply for a short time (during ambulation) causing pain relieved w/ rest
False
True
27
what are some things that we could teach as lifestyle modifications for someone who was recently diagnosed with HTN
DASH is a seasoning company who have very yummy blends and no sodium added!
a few @home cooks who show heart healthy but scrumptious veggie recipes
150 mins of exercise/week is ideal so a 20 min walk/day
you can only have 3 cigarettes/week
28
what is true of MAP
60-90 is the normal range
<60 means vital organs are not perfusing
normal range is between 70-100 mmHg
>100 means risk of organ damage bc HTN
29
how might you describe the procedure to treat PAD: percutaneous transluminal angioplasty w/wo intravascular stents (PTA)
catheter w/ tool to cut/dissolve plaque, gets to plaque, removes + extract
catheter to blocked area, inflate balloon, stent or not, widen area, out
cath, inflate balloon w cold nitro, plaque break, cath take broken plaque
surgery to physically remove plaque from inside artery
30
choose everything that is directly associated with MI
substernal, retrosternal, epigastric pain
under umbrella term ACS or acute coronary syndrome
pain and numbness/tingling in legs, especially when ambulating
sufficient oxygenation to tissues
severe, crushing pain, like elephant on chest
ischemia (no O2) greater than 20 mins causing irreversible cell death
31
what is considered "Hypertensive Crisis" blood pressure
systolic 130-139 OR diastolic 80-89
systolic 140 or higher OR diastolic 90 or higher
systolic 120-129 AND diastolic less than 80
systolic higher than 180 AND/OR diastolic higher than 120
32
Angina is identified as only stable and unstable
False
True
33
choose things that are true about MAP
Increased systemic vascular resistance (SVR) increases MAP
Hypovolemia increases MAP
Higher the cardiac output, the higher the MAP
Hypovolemia decreases MAP
34
choose all options which are considered conditions of CVD
Arrhythmia
Cerebrovascular disease, cerebrovascular accident is a stroke
Deep Vein Thrombosis
CAD aka CHD
Cardiac arrest
Diabetes
35
what are adverse affects of ACE inhibitors?
Dry cough, Hyperkalemia, angioedema
dizziness, headache, fatigue
bradycardia, fatigue
dehydration, hypokalemia, fall risk
36
RED, click red reminder to look at HF slide 36 for link to discharge criteria thats on test
not me
dont click this
please dont press me
this one!
37
select which answers are true
DM causes blood vessels to burst
Angina occurs when it is harder for blood to get through the artery
coronary artery disease is plaque build up in coronary artery
Myocardial infarction occurs when there is something blocking blood flow
38
MAP and HTN, whats correct?
Grade 2 HTN MAP: 119-132
considered HIGH NORMAL MAP: 100-105
Grade 3 HTN MAP: >132
Grade 1 HTN MAP: 106-119
39
what is an early sign of exacerbation that nurses MUST be aware of
feeling incapable of lifestyle change
activity intolerance
sweating perfusely
weight gain of >2kg in 2 days
40
a certain level of BNP indicates increased ventricular pressure and volume overload, which diagnostic threshold=HF
50-300
400
100-400
<100
41
T wave:
end ventricular depolarization, begin ventricular repolarization,
ventricular depolarization
ventricular depolarization/repolarization
ventricle repolarization
42
CT scan stands for computer TOPOGRAPHY scan which creates cross-sectional images of body through Xray + computer tech
True
False
43
what are clinical manifestations of HTN Emergency
chest pain, SOB
headache, anxiety, but no organ damage
confusion and seizures
visual disturbances
44
how might you describe the procedure to treat PAD: edarterectomy
catheter to blocked area, inflate balloon, stent or not, widen area, out
surgery to physically remove plaque from inside artery
catheter w/ tool to cut/dissolve plaque, gets to plaque, removes + extract
cath, inflate balloon w cold nitro, plaque break, cath take broken plaque
45
what are post op amputation complications
grief, phantom limb pain, knowledge deficit
LOC changes
excitement and easy transition to new life
edema
hemorrhage or wound infection
immobility
46
what are things to consider when pt is day 1: POST OP for femoral bypass graft surgery
oob several times/day
no prolonged sitting w/ legs in dependent position
anticoagulation therapy like lovenox or coumadin (warfarin)
crossing legs in bed is promotional in circulation
47
What are examples of techniques of diagnosing?
ECG, Echocardiogram
MRI
ambulatory monitoring and stress tests
CT or CT angiogram
Ankle brachial index
Cardiac catheterization
48
how do you calculate MAP
2DBP - SBP / 3
( SBP+ 2(DBP) ) / 3
3DBP + SBP /2
SBP + DBP / 3
49
choose the answers that are true
Systolic heart failure is EF <40% and considered HFpEF
Systolic heart failure is EF <40% and considered HFrEF
diastolic heart failure is EF >50% and considered HFrEF
diastolic heart failure is EF >50% and considered HFpEF
50
Hypertension increases workload and after load of heart
True
False
51
what is priority nursing care after any revascularization procedure
dressing changes
comparing both extremeties in circulation checks
monitor VS
bedrest as ordered
52
what is considered "HTN stage 2" blood pressure
systolic 120-129 AND diastolic less than 80
systolic 130-139 OR diastolic 80-89
systolic 140 or higher OR diastolic 90 or higher
systolic higher than 180 AND/OR diastolic higher than 120
53
What is considered part of pathology of HTN, key mechanisms
increased peripheral resistance: narrow blood vessels = increase SVR
new peripheral venous pathways which allow homeostasis in BP
decreasing blood pressure through activation of RAAS
Overreaction of RAAS leading to vasoconstriction and Na/H2o retention
54
what are complications to consider when pt had femoral bypass graft surgery
compartment syndrome
clotting at the graft
infection of synthetic graft- lead to loss of graft, repeat of surg, sepsis
bleeding at suture line/graft
55
What are risk factors for CVD?
DM 2 or gestational DM
CKD
Chronic inflammatory, auto immune
Fam hx, Sedentary lifestyle, excess weight, high sodium sugar and fat diet
HTN, preeclampsia, hyperlipidemia
Tobacco (vaping too), ETOH misuse, drug misuse (Street or prescription)
56
one sided facial or extremity numbness may be a sign of blood vessel blockage in the body
False
True
57
what is CVD and is it asymptomatic, symptomatic, or both?
term for group of diseases that affect <3+ blood vessels, symp+asymp
CAD and PAD and they are symptomatic
Peripheral arterial disease, always symptomatic
Coronary artery disease, typically asymptomatic
58
what is blood pressure defined as?
pressure differential from inside and outside of vein
force exerted by blood on arterial walls
The volume of blood the heart pumps in one minute, measured in liters
pressure exerted by blood when heart is contracting only, not at rest
59
cardiac catheterization is a catheter into blood vessel guided to <3, contrast and cardiologist can see blood flow in <3
True
False
60
smoking is the #1 risk factor for PAD
True
False
61
What do ARBs do?
slows HR and reduces cardiac output
relaxes blood vessels by blocking Ca entry into cells
reduce vasoconstriction by blocking conversion of angiotensin I to II
reduce blood vessel constriction by blocking angio II from bind to receptor
62
what are common in PAD
Sharp calf pain w/ walking or w/ leg elevated
edema
Toes/feet- pale, black eschar
irregular sores
Absent pulses
Round red sores
63
how might you describe the procedure to treat PAD: peripheral atherectomy
surgery to physically remove plaque from inside artery
catheter w/ tool to cut/dissolve plaque, gets to plaque, removes + extract
catheter to blocked area, inflate balloon, stent or not, widen area, out
cath, inflate balloon w cold nitro, plaque break, cath take broken plaque
64
What are common causes of secondary HTN?
coarctation of aorta
use of meds like NSAIDS or decongestants like sudafed
cushings syndrome
renal artery stenosis
65
common s/sx PAD
dusky reddish-purple color of lower extremities
fast capillary refil
one extremity cooler than the other
loss of leg, feet and toe hair
bounding pulses
Hypertrophies toenails- thick and curled
66
Pt condition failed PAD tx, last resort Amputation. What are diagnostic tests for potential amputation
Anteriogram/venogram
infection workup (WBC w/ differentials and C&S- culture and sensitivity)
adequate nutrition and start ERAS for enhanced recovery after surgery
frequent ambulation pre surgery
67
what are causes of HTN crisis
Exercise
nonadherance to antihypertensive therapy
secondary HTN
drug interactions (stimulants, street drugs)
68
how does BNP help dx HF
it is the hormone released by ventricles in response to stretching of <3
it is released when heart muscle dies
it is an inactive fragment of NT-proBNP
brain natriuretic peptide
69
what are adverse affects of Ca channel blocker
bradycardia, fatigue
Dry cough, Hyperkalemia, angioedema
dizziness, headache, fatigue
peripheral edema, headache, dizziness, flushing, confusion
70
what are things to consider when pt is POST OP for femoral bypass graft surgery
frequent turns
fast timeline for mobilization and exercise, 4 hours post op
Q15 min circulation checks
NOTIFY MD inc. pain, loss pulse, cyanosis/pallor, cold, paralysis, numbness
71
how might you describe the procedure to treat PAD: cryoplasty
surgery to physically remove plaque from inside artery
catheter to blocked area, inflate balloon, stent or not, widen area, out
cath, inflate balloon w cold nitro, plaque break, cath take broken plaque
catheter w/ tool to cut/dissolve plaque, gets to plaque, removes + extract
72
select all that are included under Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease or ASCVD
collateral circulation
cerebrovascular disease (including TIA, ischemic, carotid artery stenosis)
coronary heart disease (CHD)
peripheral arterial disease PAD
73
preload is the resistance the heart muscle must overcome to eject blood during systole
False
True
74
BNP is only high with HF so it is the only lab we need to run to r/o other implications
True
False
75
In a healthy adult, what is the normal range for cardiac output?
3-6 liters/min
4-8 Liters/min
12-15 liters/min
8-10 liters/min
76
What value is considered mild disease for ankle brachial index?
0.71 - 0.90
0.91 - 1.30
0.00 - 0.40
0.41 - 0.70
77
what are common symptoms of HTN
Angina
dyspnea
palpatations
ototoxicity
vision changes
dizziness, fatigue, decreased activity tolerance
78
Ejection fraction is the % of blood ejected during systole, what is a normal EF?
75-95%
40-65%
55-70%
30-65%
79
what are common location of PAD in diabetics
femoral bifurcation
anterior or posterior tibial areas
tibial popliteal area
peroneal arteries
80
what are 3 types of drugs that help manage PAD
antiplatelet agents (ASA, clopidogrel-plavix, eliquis)
NSAIDS
ACE (-pril)
Statins
81
what are clinical manifestations of HTN Emergency
visual disturbances
severe headache
HTN w/ headache and anxiety but no organ damage
sign of organ damage like stroke, HF, AKI
confusion and seizures
chest pain, SOB
82
what is considered "elevated" blood pressure
systolic less than 120 AND diastolic less than 80
systolic 130-139 OR diastolic 80-89
systolic higher than 180 AND/OR diastolic higher than 120
systolic 120-129 AND diastolic less than 80
83
PR interval is:
time for impulse to travel to AV node and to the purkinje fibers
atrial depolarization
ventricular depolarization
end ventricular depolarization, begin ventricular repolarization
84
What value is considered normal for ankle brachial index?
0.41 - 0.70
0.71 - 0.90
0.91 - 1.30
0.00 - 0.40
85
the ankle brachial index compares the BP in arm vs BP in ankle
False
True
86
27 yo w/ hx HF, inc. SOB, fatigue, periph edema. Crackles, JVD present, what you think this is?
Pulmonary embolism
AMI acute myocardial infarction
COPD
ADHF
87
Cardiac output is HR x Stroke Volume
False
True
88
What do ACE inhibitors do?
slows HR and reduces cardiac output
reduce vasoconstriction by blocking conversion of angiotensin I to II
relaxes blood vessels by blocking Ca entry into cells
reduce blood vessel constriction by blocking angio II from bind to receptor
89
preload is the degree of stretch in muscle at end of diastole just before contraction
False
True
90
what are other risk factors of PAD
DM
uncontrolled HTN
hyperlipidemia
High C-reactive protein (inflammatory marker)
91
what are risk factors for primary HTN
lack of regular sleep cycle
high salt diet
weight, sedentary lifestyle, smoking, ETOH, Stress
age, genetics, family history
92
Teaching pts how to properly and accurately take their BP at home is a crucial step in pt education of HTN pt
False
True
93
QRS complex is:
end ventricular depolarization, begin ventricular repolarization
atrial depolarization
time for impulse to travel to AV node and to the purkinje fibers
ventricular depolarization
94
collateral circulation is when backup blood vessels provide alt routes for blood flow, they shrink with aging
False
True
95
stroke volume is the amount of blood a heart can hold in its entirety
True
False
96
what labs do we look at?
myoglobin
PT/PTT
CPK creatine kinase
cholesterol LDL and HDL
Troponin
triglycerides
97
acute HF is sudden onset due to event (like MI) causing severe dyspnea and flash pulmonary edema
False
True
98
who is affected by CVD?
All ages
All sexes
All socioeconomic levels
All ethnicities
99
Acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) could be categorized as
doesn't require urgent medical intervention
s/sx tachycardia, hypo/ertension, JVD, crackles, gallop bc volume overload
inability to pump enough blood
leads to fluid accumulation and organ dysfunction
100
Collateral circulation is associated with: CAD, PAD, atherosclerosis, and ischemic stroke because
people with a family history of CAD are more likely to have collateral circ
to serve as CAD PAD and CVA end games
bc a certain pathway of blood circulation is blocked and alt route needed
everyone has equal amount of collateral circulation but needs to be ignited
101
The body uses compensatory mechanisms when faced with PAD, what are some examples of these?
intermittent claudication
increasing deposit of lipids to increase release of insulin decreasing BP
collateral vessels
utilizing anaerobic pathways*
vasodilation
vasoconstriction
102
what are common medications for treating and preventing angina?
nitroglycerin
anticoagulant or ASA
beta blockers, ace inhibitors
statins for cholesterol
O2 therapy
103
what are goals for pt with PAD related amputation
control pain
cope w/ body image changes and lifestyle adjustments
treat underlying health problem
reach maximum rehab potential
104
what are adverse affects of beta blockers?
Dry cough, Hyperkalemia, angioedema
bradycardia, fatigue
dizziness, headache, fatigue
peripheral edema, headache, dizziness, flushing, confusion
105
Primary HTN is caused by something else like CKD and is the most common making up 90-95% of cases
False
True
106
What do beta blockers do?
slows HR and reduces cardiac output
reduce vasoconstriction by blocking conversion of angiotensin I to II
relaxes blood vessels by blocking Ca entry into cells
reduce blood vessel constriction by blocking angio II from bind to receptor
107
CVD-cardiovascular disease- is the leading cause of death worldwide AND in the usa?
False
True
108
What are ways of medical related management for 2nd HTN
antihypertensive medications for specific pt needs
going to therapy to help with their mental health
lifestyle mods like diet, exercise, smoking cessation
treating the underlying cause: maybe an adrenal tumor, CPAP for sleep apnea
109
how do you diagnose ADHF
BNP/NT labs
Echocardiogram (EF + valve fxn), Chest XRAY for pulm. edema+ cardiomegaly
Renal fxn, liver enzymes, lytes
phys ass for pitting edema, crackles, JVD
110
how does heart failure manifest clinically
fatigue, weakness, exercise intolerance
L sided: systemic congestion- edema, weight gain, abdominal discomfort
R sided: systemic congestion- edema, weight gain, abdominal discomfort, JVD
L sided: pulm congestion, dyspnea, orthopnea, cough, decr. system. perfus.
111
what happens with PAD
results in progressive narrowing, often asymptomatic until 60-75% blocked
leads to voluptuous pulses and warm legs
the artery walls thicken with lipid and cholesterol deposits
leading to irregular sores but lack of sharp pain
112
what are common locations of PAD in non-diabteics?
aortoiliac bifurcation
peroneal arteries
femoral popliteal
femoral bifurcation
113
QT interval is:
ventricular depolarization/repolarization
ventricular depolarization
ventricle repolarization
end ventricular depolarization, begin ventricular repolarization,
114
how do you calculate EF
stroke volume/systolic volume
2(stroke volume)/diastolic
stroke volume/end diastolic volume x100
stroke volume x3
115
What do Ca Channel Blockers do?
reduce vasoconstriction by blocking conversion of angiotensin I to II
relaxes blood vessels by blocking Ca entry into cells
reduce blood vessel constriction by blocking angio II from bind to receptor
slows HR and reduces cardiac output
116
diastolic deals with relaxation and systolic deals with contraction
True
False
117
what is common in PVD
Irregular sores
No sharp pain
Edema
Yellowish brown skin
Voluptuous pulses, warm legs
round red sores
118
What are examples of more subtle symptoms?
Left arm pain and elephant on chest
stomach pain
not sleeping well
Jaw pain, they might come in thinking they have TMJ
119
ST segment is:
ventricular depolarization
ventricle repolarization
ventricular depolarization/repolarization
end ventricular depolarization, begin ventricular repolarization,
120
diastolic is the "top" number which measures pressure during heart's contraction
False
True
121
What are aspects of longterm HF care
GDMT: guideline directed medical therapy
allowing pt access to medications to end suffering
palliative care and transition to hospice as indication
patient and family education abt managing @ home for best quality of life
122
what are some thing that help manage HF
beta blockers to decrease myocardial O2 demand
Ace inhibitors to reduce afterload and prevent remodeling
diuretics to relieve congestion
Na and fluid restriction coupled with exercise
123
what do we need to do to treat HF in the hospital?
Identify and treat underlying causes/triggers
consider O2, diuretics, vasodilators
stabilize hemodynamics- make sure they are circulating correctly
relieve their symptoms
124
MAP can be described as the "avg pressure during one swush" or "avg pressure in artery during 1 cardiac cycle"
True
False
125
stable angina may be defined as
s/sx SOB, Pain LUE, indigestion, dizzy, nauseous, exhausted
not relieved by rest or medication
lasts less than 5 mins
when workload on <3 increases w/ physical work, exercise, very cold, smoke
126
what are treatment options and nursing care when pt has acute arterial occlusion
keep pt on bedrest
protect the limb from pressure, trauma, or cold and keep it flat
treat w/ angioplasty, stent, atherectomy, bypass surg, LAST resort amputate
treat w/ anticoag-heparin infusion, embolectomy ot thrombectomy
127
If troponin and CPK high we go to cardiac pathway. If ONLY CPK high, more date needed
False
True
128
what are adverse affects of ARBs?
Dry cough, Hyperkalemia, angioedema
peripheral edema, headache, dizziness, flushing, confusion
dizziness, headache, fatigue
bradycardia, fatigue
129
What is true of 2nd HTN?
secondary HTN is NOT a manageable condition
it requires appropriate diagnosis and treatment
nurses play a critical role in improve outcome: education, early detection
secondary HTN is a manageable condition
130
People assigned male at birth and younger people generally have more subtle symptoms
False
True
131
How might you diagnose Secondary HTN
renal ultrasound, CT/MRI for adrenal glands
Sleep studies
cryoplasty
angiography
132
P wave is:
end ventricular depolarization, begin ventricular repolarization
ventricular depolarization
atrial depolarization
time for impulse to travel to AV node and to the purkinje fibers
133
an LVAD or left ventricular assist device is the advanced therapy for HF which is considered very last resort
True
False
134
what is categorized as critical limb ischemia (CLI)
parathesia
thin shiny skin w/ no hair and loss of nail growth
discoloration of toes
atrophy of skin and underlying muscles
wound infections and tissue necrosis leading to ulceration and gangrene
delayed wound healing
135
what are adverse affects of Diuretics?
dizziness, headache, fatigue
Dry cough, Hyperkalemia, angioedema
dehydration, hypokalemia, fall risk
bradycardia, fatigue
136
how might PAD be medically managed?
walking exercise is most effective
STOP SMOKING
diabetic control aka HgbA1c 6 preferred or less than 7! (normal 4-5.6%)
low cholesterol/low fat/ low salt
137
What are examples of antihypertensive medications
Anticholinergic
Beta-blockers
diuretics
ACE inhibitors
ARBs
calcium channel blockers
138
TRUE! just a reminder to ask about compensatory mech RAAS and systemic affects- so confusing to me!
True
False
139
what is considered "normal" blood pressure
systolic 120-129 AND diastolic less than 80
systolic 130-139 OR diastolic 80-89
systolic less than 120 AND diastolic less than 80
systolic higher than 180 AND/OR diastolic higher than 120
140
what is considered "HTN stage 1" blood pressure
systolic 120-129 AND diastolic less than 80
systolic 140 or higher OR diastolic 90 or higher
systolic higher than 180 AND/OR diastolic higher than 120
systolic 130-139 OR diastolic 80-89
141
1 hour after giving nitroglycerin you must take the BP and HR
False
True
