In 1975, the Vietnam War ended:

as the only war lost by the United States.

Richard Nixon’s New Federalism:

proposed that block grants be assigned to states to spend as they saw fit

upheld the constitutionality of state laws outlawing homosexual acts.

President Carter’s foreign policy emphasized:

human rights as a diplomatic priority.

The Iran-Contra affair:

was the greatest scandal of the Reagan administration.

Which of the following assessments of the Carter administration in 1980 is accurate?

Approval ratings in 1980 fell lower than Nixon’s by his resignation.

Why did the CIA seek to destabilize the government of Chile after 1970?

The country had elected socialist Salvador Allende into office.

What setback did the advocates of the Roe v. Wade decision of 1973 suffer in 1976?

Congress overrode Ford’s veto, ending federal funding for Medicaid abortion

Affirmative action was:

first pursued and then abandoned by the Nixon administration.

In response to the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan, President Carter pursued all of the following policies EXCEPT:

breaking off diplomatic relations with Pakistan.

Which of the following comparisons of wage trends for 1953 to 1973 and 1973 to 1993 is accurate?

Wages increased in the first period but stagnated in the second.

What contradiction did the Reagan presidency reveal about modern conservatism?

Policies helped investors & CEOs but hurt industrial economies/communities

What triggered the rise of the Khmer Rouge in Cambodia?

The invasion of U.S. troops in 1970.

Which of the following statements is NOT true of the impact of the sexual revolution?

70s divorce rates declined, but women who had never been married went up.

Which of the following statements correctly describes the outcome of the My Lai Massacre?

Someone was guilty in this killing of 350 civilians, but released in 1974.

Opponents of the Equal Rights Amendment, like Phyllis Schlafly, argued that the passage of the ERA would:

take away a woman’s right to be a housewife.

The Three Mile Island nuclear plant:

brought a halt to the nuclear energy industry’s expansion.

The election of 1980 reflected:

the validation of big government.

What were the results of the U.S. invasion of neutral Cambodia in 1970?

The invasion destabilized the nation and ushered in a murderous regime.

Nixon’s Family Assistance Plan:

proposed to guarantee a minimum income for all Americans.

The economic condition known as stagflation was caused by:

stagnant economic growth and high inflation.

Why had it been premature for liberals to celebrate the downfall of their political adversary Richard Nixon?

Watergate undermined public confidence in the merits of federal government.

“Americanization” was:

Americans slowly withdraw and South Vietnamese assume more of the fighting.

Geraldine Ferraro is best known as:

the first female candidate on a major-party presidential ticket.

The “Second Gilded Age”:

could describe 80s: making deals more profitable than making products.

The Church Committee revealed that since the beginning of the Cold War:

the CIA and FBI had engaged in abusive actions.

During the 1970s, conservatives:

insisted on more local control, resisted power of the federal government

What led to the congressional discovery that the FBI had spied on millions of Americans in the 1960s?

The Church Committee investigations.

All of the following are evidence that freedom for women expanded in the 1970s EXCEPT:

Regents of the University of California v. Bakke.

How did the experience of the 1960s shape America’s neoconservatives?

Even the best-intentioned social programs did more harm than good.

What did the Supreme Court rulings San Antonio Independent School District v. Rodriguez and Milliken v. Bradley suggest?

The Court was abandoned the idea overturning local control of schools.

Under the Nixon administration, the United States:

continued to undermine Third World governments.

In Regents of the University of California v. Bakke, the Supreme Court ruled that:

fixed affirmative action quotas were unconstitutional.

inaugurated political openness and economic reform in the Soviet Union.

In foreign policy, Reagan:

initiated the largest military buildup in American history.

Richard Nixon’s appointments to the Supreme Court were intended to:

lead the Court in a conservative direction.

Why did the gay and lesbian movement become a major concern for members of the political right after the late 1960s?

New civil rights movements encouraged gays and lesbians to “come out.”

feared family values were being undermined.

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Chapter 26

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Questions 39

Answers

1
In 1975, the Vietnam War ended:
leaving many Americans optimistic.
as a military, political, and social victory for the United States.
as the only war lost by the United States.
leaving very few Vietnamese casualties.
2
Richard Nixon’s New Federalism:
demanded the federal government administer all aid, even on the local level
called for a reduction in all government spending and a balanced budget
proposed that block grants be assigned to states to spend as they saw fit
proposed a decrease in funding for Social Security.
3
Bowers v. Hardwick:
stated that a criminal had the right to a state-appointed lawyer.
upheld the practices of racial housing segregation.
took the United States off the gold standard.
upheld the constitutionality of state laws outlawing homosexual acts.
4
President Carter’s foreign policy emphasized:
an increased military presence in Southeast Asia.
the need to fight communism around the world.
human rights as a diplomatic priority.
the policy of containment.
5
The Iran-Contra affair:
was the greatest scandal of the Reagan administration.
resulted in seizure of a secret Iranian oil reserve owned by Oliver North
was quickly discovered by Congress soon after it began.
refers to the U.S. efforts to overthrow the shah.
6
Which of the following assessments of the Carter administration in 1980 is accurate?
Without resolution to Iranian hostage crisis, reelection would be doubtful
Prior to Reagan announcing candidacy, few Americans doubted reelection.
Defeat in 1980 election saved him from impeachment by Republican Congress.
Approval ratings in 1980 fell lower than Nixon’s by his resignation.
7
Why did the CIA seek to destabilize the government of Chile after 1970?
The country had elected socialist Salvador Allende into office.
The government of Chile had provided North Vietnam with covert support.
The U.S. sought to prevent the coup of General Augusto Pinochet.
The Chilean government had blocked U.S. access to Chilean copper mines.
8
What setback did the advocates of the Roe v. Wade decision of 1973 suffer in 1976?
Congress overrode Ford’s veto, ending federal funding for Medicaid abortion
Congress banned abortion from health care policies for federal employees
The Supreme Court declared bans on abortion constitutional.
President Ford vetoed federal funding for abortion.
9
Affirmative action was:
implemented only in Philadelphia.
first pursued and then abandoned by the Nixon administration.
never a priority during the Nixon administration.
found unconstitutional during the Nixon administration.
10
In response to the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan, President Carter pursued all of the following policies EXCEPT:
boycotting the Moscow Olympics.
dramatically increased American military spending.
placing an embargo on grain exports to the Soviet Union.
breaking off diplomatic relations with Pakistan.
11
Which of the following comparisons of wage trends for 1953 to 1973 and 1973 to 1993 is accurate?
Wage gains were typically eaten up by inflation in the first half.
Wages increased in the first period but stagnated in the second.
More equitable wages for women and minorities in first period than second.
Wages for women grew significantly while men’s wages declined.
12
What contradiction did the Reagan presidency reveal about modern conservatism?
promise to destroy labor unions, but depend on election political support
Republican Party led by young conservatives but ruled by oldest president
cut spending dramatically, only to complain about a lack of public services
Policies helped investors & CEOs but hurt industrial economies/communities
13
What triggered the rise of the Khmer Rouge in Cambodia?
The assassination of Ngo Dinh Diem.
The invasion of U.S. troops in 1970.
The manipulations of the Soviet KGB secret service in Phnom Penh.
The victory of communists in Vietnam in 1975.
14
Which of the following statements is NOT true of the impact of the sexual revolution?
70s divorce rates declined, but women who had never been married went up.
Americans felt there was nothing wrong with sex before marriage.
Many women postponed childbearing in order to pursue careers in the 1970s.
The marriage age for Americans rose in the 1970s.
15
Which of the following statements correctly describes the outcome of the My Lai Massacre?
Someone was guilty in this killing of 350 civilians, but released in 1974.
Leaders responsible were all sentenced to life and remain in jail today.
Public opinion declared defendants guilty before there even was a trial.
Military cover-up prevented the guilty parties from ever facing trial.
16
Opponents of the Equal Rights Amendment, like Phyllis Schlafly, argued that the passage of the ERA would:
take away a woman’s right to be a housewife.
not change anything, and so its ratification would mean nothing.
be amended so to exclude women from being drafted into the armed forces.
finally make women truly equal citizens, a goal set forth at Seneca Falls
17
The Three Mile Island nuclear plant:
brought a halt to the nuclear energy industry’s expansion.
was the first of its kind to be operational.
was the first nuclear plant to have an accident.
proved the success of the alternative energy resource.
18
The election of 1980 reflected:
growing frustration over America’s condition.
a return to progressivism.
the validation of big government.
the end of conservatism.
19
What were the results of the U.S. invasion of neutral Cambodia in 1970?
The invasion destabilized the nation and ushered in a murderous regime.
South Vietnam gained increasing influence over a weak neighbor.
The Viet Cong lost access to its Ho Chi Minh Trail.
The invasion toppled Cambodia’s communist government.
20
Nixon’s Family Assistance Plan:
was seen as too radical by liberals.
won approval by Congress.
replaced Aid to Families with Dependent Children.
proposed to guarantee a minimum income for all Americans.
21
The economic condition known as stagflation was caused by:
low inflation rates.
stagnant economic growth and high inflation.
high income tax rates.
declining oil prices.
22
Why had it been premature for liberals to celebrate the downfall of their political adversary Richard Nixon?
Nixon would stage a second political comeback in the Reagan administration.
As many Democrats as Republicans wound up in jail in the Watergate scandal.
Nixon remained popular with Americans, despite the Watergate scandal.
Watergate undermined public confidence in the merits of federal government.
23
“Americanization” was:
Americans slowly withdraw and South Vietnamese assume more of the fighting.
Vietcong policy of executing defectors captured from South Vietnamese army
State Department offering asylum for South Vietnamese military officials
spread of American culture in South Vietnam to display capitalism benefits
24
Geraldine Ferraro is best known as:
the first female Supreme Court justice.
cofounder of the National Organization of Women (NOW).
the leader of the Redstockings.
the first female candidate on a major-party presidential ticket.
25
The “Second Gilded Age”:
ended with a federal budget surplus.
could describe 80s: making deals more profitable than making products.
a Mondale-Ferraro 84 campaign slogan slamming Reagan’s coddling of the rich
title of 80s docu about “yuppies” sold out to the financial establishment
26
The Church Committee revealed that since the beginning of the Cold War:
administrations had traded arms for hostages behind the back of Congress.
the Ku Klux Klan received FBI funds to sabotage the civil rights movement
the Catholic Church secretly gave money to countries fighting communism.
the CIA and FBI had engaged in abusive actions.
27
During the 1970s, conservatives:
appealed primarily to urban Americans.
made little progress.
continued their overt opposition to the black struggle for racial justice.
insisted on more local control, resisted power of the federal government
28
What led to the congressional discovery that the FBI had spied on millions of Americans in the 1960s?
The invasion of Cambodia.
The Church Committee investigations.
The hearings in the wake of the Kent State shootings.
The assassination of Ngo Dinh Diem.
29
All of the following are evidence that freedom for women expanded in the 1970s EXCEPT:
the Equal Credit Opportunity Act.
Regents of the University of California v. Bakke.
a higher divorce rate and lower birth rate.
Title IX, which banned gender discrimination in higher education.
30
How did the experience of the 1960s shape America’s neoconservatives?
Exposure to drugs, sex, rock-and-roll increased chances to be libertarian
Experience in Vietnam taught them to wage war w/ all available resources
Space race expenses convinced them they had to give up fighting the ColdWar
Even the best-intentioned social programs did more harm than good.
31
What did the Supreme Court rulings San Antonio Independent School District v. Rodriguez and Milliken v. Bradley suggest?
The Court would continue to rule in favor of busing in the future.
The Court found the Constitution requires equality of school funding.
The Court was abandoned the idea overturning local control of schools.
School districts’s obligation to move students for racial integration.
32
Under the Nixon administration, the United States:
focused its foreign policy on Southeast Asia.
supported democratic reforms in Iran.
boycotted South Africa to protest apartheid.
continued to undermine Third World governments.
33
In Regents of the University of California v. Bakke, the Supreme Court ruled that:
racial quotas for college admissions were constitutional.
affirmative action was unconstitutional.
race could no longer be used as a factor in college admissions.
fixed affirmative action quotas were unconstitutional.
34
Mikhail Gorbachev:
was reviled by Reagan for his unwillingness to negotiate arms reduction.
accused Reagan of presiding over an “evil empire.”
inaugurated political openness and economic reform in the Soviet Union.
was dedicated to maintaining Russia’s military budget.
35
What motivated the Sagebrush Rebellion?
Anger over the loss of jobs with the closing of the Nevada Test Site.
A rising tide of antigovernment sentiment.
western ranchers' desire for local control of grazing rights on public land
Both red and blue.
36
In foreign policy, Reagan:
opposed “authoritarian” noncommunist regimes
embraced Carter’s emphasis on human rights.
initiated the largest military buildup in American history.
decreased military spending.
37
Richard Nixon’s appointments to the Supreme Court were intended to:
continue the liberal trend set by the Warren Court.
be balanced with conservatives and liberals.
lead the Court in a conservative direction.
break gender barriers by his appointment of the first female justice.
38
Why did the gay and lesbian movement become a major concern for members of the political right after the late 1960s?
Fear that gays might push for an end to the “don’t ask, don’t tell” policy.
New civil rights movements encouraged gays and lesbians to “come out.”
Fears it might push for higher taxes on the wealthy.
They suspected that many among their ranks were gay and lesbian themselves.
39
The Moral Majority:
focused on taxes and the federal debt.
favored abortion rights.
feared family values were being undermined.
wanted divorces to be easier to obtain.

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