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Cell Biology Exam 1
Cell Biology Exam 1
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Logan University Cell Biology Exam 1 Tri 1
Flashcards
100 cards
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Practice quiz
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Questions
100
Answers
1
how many lenses does a compound microscope have?
3
1
4
2
2
which of the following is not a polymer?
nucleic acids (DNA and RNA)
lipids
polysaccharides (starch and glycogen)
proteins
3
which of the following is part of the cell theory?
All of the above
all organisms have one or more cells
cell is the basic unit of structure
all cells arise from preexisting cells
4
fibrous proteins have extensive secondary structures.
False
True
5
removal of electrons
reduction
oxidation
glucose oxidation
6
what kind of structure does a globular protein have?
quaternary
tertiary
secondary
primary
7
the uniting of atoms in which one atom donates an outer shell electron to another atom
covalent bonding
ionic bonding
8
What is the distance required to distinguish two objects as separate objects?
Limit of Resolution
Cytology
Microtome
Brightfield
9
Which of the following is a property of water?
cohesive
good solvent
all of the above
Temperature stable
10
who came up with chromosome theory of heredity?
Walther Flemming
Wohler
Meisner
Morgan, Bridges and Stewart
11
Select the three parts to the cell theory
organisms can only survive is cells are working at 100% efficiency
the cell is the basic unit of structure for all organisms
all cells arise only from pre existing cells
all organisms are composed of one or more cells
12
which of the following is not a characteristic of globular proteins?
collagen
alpha and beta sheets
mostly tertiary
enzymes
13
How many essential and nonessential amino acids are there?
9 essential, 5 nonessential
10 essential, 9 nonessential
8 essential, 5 nonessential
5 essential, 10 nonessential
14
what is the limit of resolution for electron microscopes?
0.1-0.2nm
0.1-0.4nm
0.2-0.4nm
0.1-0.3nm
15
Who did experiments with peas to understand the hereditary factors?
Brown
Robert Hook
Schwaan
Gregor Mendel
16
what characteristic describes a eukaryotic cell?
included in bacteria and archaea
all of the above
DNA is coiled into a nucleoid
membrane bound nucleus containing DNA
17
what are the pyrimidines?
uracil
thymine
all of the above
cytosine
18
you need to stain specimen to view cells with brightfield microscopy.
True
False
19
what cellular technique moves proteins based on size/charge?
electrophoresis
Ultracentrifugation
mass spectrometry
Chromatography
20
what is the function of a microtone?
to distort tissues
a microscope to view stained organisms
to slice samples very thinly
to stain microorganisms with purple tone
21
Who discovered plant tissues are made of cells?
Virchow
Pastuer
Schleiden
Schwann
22
What is not part of the scientific method?
Formulate a hypothesis
Design experiments
Interpret results
Pretest hypothesis
23
Which is not a polymer?
Nucleic Acids
carbohydrates
all are polymers
proteins
24
What is the technique to separate molecules from a solution based on size, charge, or chemical affinity?
chromatography
scientology
electrophoresis
25
A microtome is used to
view microscopic organisms
Slice thin sections of specimen
dissect cellular organelles
Focus short wavelengths of light
26
The cell membrane is permeable to some molecules and impermeable to others.
False
True
27
Atoms in its natural state will have the same number of what?
protons and neutrons
protons and electrons
neutrons and electrons
protons, neutrons, and electrons
28
What factor determines polarity?
Santa Claus
electrons
electrophoresis
electronegativity
29
who first isolated nucleins?
Morgan, Bridges and Stewart
Fredrich Meisner
Fredrich Wohler
Walther Flemming
30
glucose cannot be moved across a membrane by simple diffusion.
False
True
31
what is the correct order of levels?
chemical- cellular- tissue- organ- organ system- organism
chemical- cellular- tissue- organ- organism- organ system
cellular- tissue- chemical- organ system- organ- organism
cellular- chemical- tissue- organ- organ system- organism
32
what binds to the active site on an enzyme?
amino acid chain
catalyst
all of the above
substrate
33
what kind of structure does a fibrous protein have?
primary
secondary
quaternary
tertiary
34
what type of bonds are present in the secondary protein structure?
disulfide bonds
trisulfide bonds
peptide bonds
hydrogen bonds
35
what is true of amino acids?
every amino acid has a unique side chain, R group
every amino acid has a different basic structure
every AAs except glycine have a symmetric alpha C atom
properties of AAs depend in nature of their C group
36
Ionic bonds form when
electronegativity differs by <2 units
electronegativity differs by >2 units
electronegativity is the same
37
When do polar covalent bonds form?
electronegativity is the same
electronegativity differs by >2 units
electronegativity differs by <2 units
38
Who described the 10 steps of glycolysis?
Watson and Crick
Brown
Embden-Meyerhoff
Leeuwenhoek
39
addition of electrons
reduction
glucose oxidation
oxidation
40
Electrons are transmitted through the specimen during what?
mass spectrometry
Chemotherapy
transmission electron microscopy
Chromatography
41
what technique is used to determine size and composition of individual proteins?
Chromatography
subcellular fractionation
mass spectrometry
electrophoresis
42
Lipids are polymers.
False
True
43
_____ states that the simplest explanation consistent with the observations is most likely to be correct.
Occams Razor
The Theory of Everything
Hereditary Theory
Cell Theory
44
what is true of bond energy?
it is the amount of energy to break the bond, not in it
it is the amount of energy needed to break a specific bond
it is related to a molecules stability
all of the above
45
What type of microscope allowed early cytologists to see organelles within the cells?
stereo microscope
compound microscope
light microscope
electron microscope
46
Genetics focuses on information flow and heredity.
False
True
47
what is the most prevalent molecule in the human body?
hydrogen
oxygen
carbon
nitrogen
48
Who discovered the double helix of DNA?
Watson and Crick
Hook
Leeuwenhoek
Schliden
49
What uses an electrical field to move proteins, DNA or RNA molecules through a medium based on size/charge?
electrophoresis
electronegativity
electrolysis
electrochemistry
50
who discovered compounds made by living organisms could be synthesized in lab"?
Wilhelm Roux and August Weisman
Morgan, Stewart, and Bridges
Walther Flemming
Frederich Wohler
51
which of the following is not a step in the polymerization of monomers?
activation of monomers
hydrolysis
condensation reaction
polymerzation
52
Who discovered the nucleus?
Embden-Meyerhof
Brown
Mendel
Pasteur
53
When the surface of a specimen is scanned, by detecting electrons deflected form the outer surface, this is called
Chromatography
your mom
electron microscopy
electrophoresis
54
Who discovered a cell with a cork?
Hook
Schwann
Leewenhoek
Schleiden
55
what is defined as the distance by which two objects must be separated to be seen as two objects?
zoooooooooommmmmmmm
resolving power
magnification
56
what kind of bonding occurs from donating valence electrons?
covalent bonding
ionic bonding
57
What type of microscope uses a beam of electrons rather than light?
compound microscope
optical microscope
scanning probe
electron microscope
58
The ends of a polymer are similar.
False
True
59
Who suggested that chromosomes carried the genetic material?
Robert Hook
Rosalind Franklin
Watson and Crick
Wilhelm Roux and August Weisman
60
in brightfield microscopy, light passes through dead cells or tissues.
True
False
61
which is false of the primary structure of a protein?
linear sequence of AAs linked by peptide bonds
is simply the order of AAs from one end of protein to the other
important both stucturally and genetically
it is not important for secondary and tertiary structure
62
Electron microscopy allows us to see specimens how?
In 2 dimensions
In all dimensions
In 3 dimensions
In 1 dimension
63
who discovered chromosomes and mitosis?
Steward
Walther Flemming
Roux and Weisman
Misner
64
Who discovered genes/genetics?
Pasteur
Hook
Mendel
Brown
65
Unsaturated lipids are better in comparison to saturated lipids.
True
False
66
Who made a better microscope lens?
Leewenhoek
Brown
Watson and Crick
Mendel
67
what is the characteristic of a prokaryote?
lacks a membrane bound nucleus
included in bacteria and archaea
DNA is coiled into a nucleoid
all of the above
68
Who discovered that animal tissues are made of cells?
Leeuwenhoek
Schwann
Brown
Pasteur
69
phospholipids are the most prominent where?
Golgi apparatus
nucleus
cell membranes
cellular matrix
70
what cellular technique separates molecules from a solution based on size, charge, or affinity?
ultracentrifugation
electrophoresis
Chromatography
mass spectrometry
71
What was the earliest tool of cytologists?
electron microscope
compound microscope
light microscope
72
The measure of the tendency of an isolated atom to gain an electron is known as
electric slide
electron affinity
Electronegativity
73
Who proposed the double helix model for DNA structure?
Robert Hook
Dr. Doofenschmirtz
Watson and Crick, and Rosalind Franklin
Gregor Mendel
74
What did Gustav Embden and Otto Meyerhoff do?
Developed the first microscope
Describe the structure of cell
Described the steps of glycolysis
Discover the nucleus
75
What are biological catalysts, which increase reaction rate on our cells, called?
proteins
fats
enzymes
electrons
76
Most enzymes are what kind of protein?
globular
fibrous
77
what is the immediate product of amino acid polymerization?
dimers
polypeptide
monomers
all of the above
78
DNA replication is
irregular
semiconservative
despersive
conservative
79
which of the following is part of the cytoskeleton?
microfilaments
all of the above
microtubules
intermediate filaments
80
amino acids have same structure and different R groups.
False
True
81
Who developed the cell theory?
Watson and Crick
Embden-Meyehof
Leeuwenhoek
Schwann and Virchow
82
which of the following is not a base used in DNA replication?
Uracil
Guanine
Thymine
Adenine
83
who discovered that chromosomes carry genetic material?
Morgan, Bridges, and Stewart
Fredrich Wohler
Meisner
Wilhelm Roux and August Weisman
84
Who showed that a compound (urea) made in a living organism could be synthesized in the lab?
Robert Hook
Gregor Mendel
Frederick Wohler
Watson and Crick
85
The usage of dyes to stain cells is to improve the limit of resolution.
False
True
86
which of the following is not a disaccharide?
lactose
fructose
sucrose
maltose
87
phase contrast and differential interference are for viewing live cells.
True
False
88
which of the following is an informational macromolecule?
Polypeptide
Starch
DNA
ATP
89
which of the following is an eukaryotic characteristic?
membrane bound nucleus
little processing of RNA
cell fission
70s ribosomes
90
which of the following is not a monosaccharide?
lactose
fructose
galactose
glycose
91
What links chains of amino acids together?
Carbon
H2O
Covalent Bonds
Peptide Bonds
92
Proteins can be classified into what categories?
fibrous proteins
both
globular proteins
93
what allows for recombinant DNA technology?
subcellular fractionation
RNA splicing
restriction enzymes
amino acids
94
proteins that consist of a single polypeptide are monomeric.
False
True
95
Who showed that yeasts could ferment sugar into alcohol and discovered enzymes?
Brown
Mendel
Hook
Pasteur
96
which is not a polymer?
ATP
proteins
nucleic acid (DNA and RNA)
polysaccharides (starch and glycogen)
97
Early microscopes were limited by resolution and magnification.
True
False
98
which cellular technique is capable of very high speeds (100,000 rpm)?
mass spectrometry
chromatography
ultracentrifugation
centrifugation
99
100% efficiency is a basic need of the cell.
False
True
100
what is the process of elongating a chain of amino acids?
all of the above
hydrolysis
amino acid synthesis
protein synthesis
