The purpose of the single-cell recording technique was to investigate...

Whether they had monocular/binocular vision, How they responded to lines in terms of orientation

Dependant variables were measured by

startle responses, Follow a moving object, Visual placing, Visual tracking of an object

Temporary deficiencies were

Moved around by touch and no visual placing

How long did it take the kittens to overcome these temporary deficiencies?

approx. 10 hours of normal visual experience

An orientation-specific neuron is...

when the neuron responds to lines in a specific direction

Why did the researchers use cylindrical apparatus

So there was no edge to the floor or corners

What controls were there in the experiment?

Cylinder same size, for same length of time & wore collar

In what way is this study useful?

To understand the effects of visual deprivation in children

High levels of control in the procedure led

Low levels of extraneous variables, high levels of validity

Hirsch & Spinelli did an experiment on kittens where...

Wore a mask, one eye saw vertical and one horizontal

Visual tracking is...

Following the path of a moving object

Depth perception is...

The ability to judge how far away an object is

One positive ethical point is...

Only 2 kittens took part - the minimum number

kitten raised in horizontally striped environment showed a startle response to black stripes if

the stripes were of horizontal orientation

One problem with lab experiments using non-human animals is...

generalising the findings to humans

Which visual defects were permanent?

Followed moving objects clumsily

What happened to the kittens orientation-specific neurons of their visual cortex?

Became exclusive to either vertical/horizontal lines

What ethical problems were there in this study?

Distress form being separated from mother

Why are cats a good species to study and apply to humans?

They are also mammals, Also have stereoscopic colour vision

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Duplicate of Blakemore & Cooper

35 termsStudBud Administration19 plays

Kittens and neuroplasticity

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Questions 35

Answers

1
Until what age were the kittens housed in complete darkness?
2 weeks
4 weeks
5 weeks
1 week
2
The purpose of the single-cell recording technique was to investigate...
Whether they had monocular/binocular vision
How they responded to light waves
How they responded to lines in terms of orientation
How they responded to an electrical current
3
At 7.5 months old how were studies conducted on individual neurons in the visual cortex?
Single-cell recording
CAT scans
F-MRI
EEG
4
Dependant variables were measured by
startle responses
Follow a moving object
Visual placing
Visual tracking of an object
5
What was the design?
Field and independent measures
Lab and independent measures
Quasi and repeated measures
Case study and repeated measures
6
Temporary deficiencies were
Startled when an object moved quickly towards them
Showed startle response and put paws out towards a table top
Jumped off the edge of a surface confidently
Moved around by touch and no visual placing
7
How long did it take the kittens to overcome these temporary deficiencies?
approx. 11 hours of normal visual experience
approx. 10 hours of normal visual experience
approx. 12 hours of normal visual experience
approx. 8 hours of normal visual experience
8
Which neurons were found to be abnormal?
Binocular
Monocular
Stereoscopic
Orientation
9
An orientation-specific neuron is...
When the neuron responds to movement
When the neuron responds to certain colours
when the neuron responds to lines in a specific direction
When the neuron responds to light and dark
10
Why did the researchers use cylindrical apparatus
So that the kitten could move around more easily
So the stripes were easy to paint on
So there was no edge to the floor or corners
So that it would roll down a hill
11
The primary visual cortex is part of...
The temporal lobe
The occipital lobe
The hypothalamus
The pre-frontal cortex
12
What controls were there in the experiment?
All had dark conditions in the cylinder
All given monocular vision and illuminated from below floor
Cylinder same coloured walls, same black floor cover
Cylinder same size, for same length of time & wore collar
13
When shown a rod moving vertically the kitten would chase it if they were raised in...
A horizontally striped cylinder
A vertically striped cylinder
14
In what way is this study useful?
To understand learning difficulties in children
To understand brain development in normal cats
To understand the effects of visual deprivation in children
To understand the effects of maternal deprivation
15
High levels of control in the procedure led
Low levels of extraneous variables
high levels of validity
Ecological validity
Low reliability
16
The study had a highly ........ procedure which increased....
artificial, usefulness
Unethical, the scientific nature of the study
Standardised, reliability
controlled, ecological validity
17
Hirsch & Spinelli did an experiment on kittens where...
both eyes saw vertical stripes
Wore a mask, one eye saw patterns and one stars
Wore a mask, one eye saw vertical and one horizontal
Both eyes saw horizontal stripes
18
how old were the kittens when the experiment finished?
3 months
5 months
7 months
6 months
19
Visual tracking is...
Driving in a straight line
Looking for changes
Following the path of a moving object
Following the path of a stationary object
20
The participants were kittens who were...
Adopted from RSPCA
Laboratory reared
Pedigree cats
Stolen from local families
21
Depth perception is...
The ability to assess the size of an object
The ability to judge how far away an object is
the ability to judge how high something is in the sky
the ability to judge how fast an object is moving
22
The research method was a...
Field experiment
Case study
Review article
Laboratory experiment
23
One problem with the sample was...
2 kittens took part
8 kittens took part
4 kittens took part
6 kittens took part
24
One positive ethical point is...
The kittens were not deceived
The kittens identity was kept confidential
Only 2 kittens took part - the minimum number
The kittens were given the right to withdraw
25
kitten raised in horizontally striped environment showed a startle response to black stripes if
the stripes were of random orientation
the stripes were of vertical orientation
the stripes were of diagonal orientation
the stripes were of horizontal orientation
26
One problem with lab experiments using non-human animals is...
lack of qualitative data
ethics
being unable to predict behaviour
generalising the findings to humans
27
Which visual defects were permanent?
Followed moving objects clumsily
Head movements were smooth
Bumped into moving objects
Poor at judging height of objects
28
What happened to the kittens orientation-specific neurons of their visual cortex?
Became exclusive to either vertical/horizontal lines
These neurons doubled in number
Became exclusive to just horizontal lines
These neurons had become bioncular
29
What ethical problems were there in this study?
Confidentiality
Deception
Distress form being separated from mother
Anonymity
30
Why are cats a good species to study and apply to humans?
They have similar intelligence levels to humans
Have similar rates of development to humans
They are also mammals
Also have stereoscopic colour vision
31
Binocular cells respond to input from
One eye
One ear
Both eyes
Both ears
32
The participants in the study were
Puppies
Kittens
Goslings
Piglets
33
What was the independent variable?
How well the kitten could visually track an object
Verticle or horizontal stripes
Monocular or binocular vision
Exposed to dark or light
34
How many hours (on average) per day did the kittens spend in the visual display apparatus?
3 hours
5 hours
8 hours
6 hours
35
Conclusion - neurons change their preferred orientation according to ...
the stimulation they receive
genetics
neurotransmitters
hormones

Duplicate of Blakemore & Cooper Flashcards | StudBud