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Level 2 Exam 2 Flashcards | StudBud
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Level 2 Exam 2
Level 2 Exam 2
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Answers
1
Ca+ channel blockers strengthen muscle contractions
False
True
2
SA node= 100-60
False
True
3
the larger the end diastolic volume, the larger the stroke volume
ventricular theory
Starlings law of the heart
4
secondary hypertension is caused by
all of the above
drug use/ pregnancy/ sleep apnea
kidney disease/ coarctation of aorta
endocrine/ neuro disorders
5
Blood pressure is the force exerted against the artery wall
False
True
6
arthrosclerosis is an accumulation of lipid deposits in the lumin
False
True
7
AA and Natives are less likely to suffer from hypertension than Caucasians and hispanics
False
True
8
Hypertensive Encephalopathy symptoms include all of the following except
high intracranial pressure/ seizures
hallucinations
papilledema
high BP and LOC
9
BP=
SV x CO
CO x PVR
HR x SV
CO x SV
10
signs of left sided ventricular failure include all but
hypertension
valvular disease (mitral/ aortic)
jugular distention
CAD, angina, MI
11
when auscultating, what is the order of valves?
Pulmonic, Aortic, Tricuspid, Mitral
Pulmonic, Aortic, Mitral, Tricuspid
Aortic, Pulmonic, Tricuspid, Mitral
Aortic, Tricuspid, Mitral, Pulmonic
12
expected findings of PAD do not include
burning, cramping, pain in legs during exercise
pain relieved while in dependent position
pain relieved while in independent position
numbness, burning in feet while in bed
13
arteriosclerosis is the thickening and stiffening of arterial walls
True
False
14
modifiable risk factors include all but
alcohol intake
obesity
age
increased Na+
15
Hypertensive Emergency is when BP is over 180 sys or over 120 dia.
True
False
16
AV= 60-40
True
False
17
ischemia is high O2 demand but low O2 supply
False
True
18
what sinus rhythm does the ECG display?
tachy
normal
brady
arrhythmia
19
arrhythmias related to breathing; speeds up/slows down on inhale/exhale
False
True
20
CO=
BP x PVR
HR x SV
HR x PVR
SV x PVR
21
how does one treat a hypertensive emergency?
reduce BP by 20-25% the first hour then slowly to 160/100
reduce bp to 160/100
call the provider
reduce BP by 10-15% then reduce to 140/90
22
beta blockers lower HR, strengthens contraction, and vasodilates
True
False
23
Primary Hypertension is caused by
altered function of RAAS
Chemical mediators/insulin resistance, hyperinsulemia, endothelial function
overstimulation of alpha-, beta- adrenergenic receptors
all of the above
24
low cardiac output>baroreceptor>sympathetic activation>increase BP, P, Resp, cardiac output>...increase workload
MI
HF flowchart
RAAS
compensation mechanism in HF
25
systole is the pressure exerted during ventricular relaxation
True
False
26
signs of right sided ventricular failure include all but
left sided failure
right ventricular MI
pulmonary problems (COPD, pulmonary fibrosis)
displaced apical pulse
27
which of the following does NOT determine BP?
Direct Resistance
Stroke Volume
Peripheral Resistance
Heart Rate
28
what sinus rhythm does the ECG display?
tachy
PAC
normal
brady
29
ACE inhibitors may cause dry cough
True
False
30
how many categories of angina are there?
4
3
2
31
systolic heart failure
cannot fill with blood
cannot eject blood
32
how well the cardiac muscles contract
afertload
preload
conductility
contractility
33
clinical manifestations of MI do not include
chest pain lasting 15-20 min
relieved by nitro and rest
N/V, diaphoresis, LOC
dyspnea, tachycardia, anxiety
34
heart failure is essentially failure of the pump
True
False
35
organs affected by hypertension include
heart, liver, brain retina
liver, kidney
heart, brain, kidney, retina
heart, brain, kidney
36
pulmonary edema occurs when
RV becomes backed up
LV can't handle an overload of blood volume
one is laying down
thrombus breaks off and becomes an emboli
37
how is angina unique to women
estrogen is a protectant
hypertension
smoking+
diabetes
38
action of ACE inhibitors lowers peripheral vascular resistance w/o
increasing cardiac output, rate, contractility
decreasing cardiac output, rate, contractility
39
Ca+ channel blockers does all of the following except
lowers demand for O2
raises conductivity and contractility
blocks ca+ access to cells
lowers conductivity and contractility
40
what sinus rhythm does the ECG display?
tachy
arrhythmia
brady
PAC
41
the electrical pathway of the heart
HIS PUR SA AV
SA AV HIS PUR
AV SA HIS PUR
PUR HIS SA AV
42
what might be true about diabetics with neuropathy
may not feel pain of angina
may cause seizures
sugar may decrease anginal pain
may lose a limb
43
resistance of blood flow
afterload
conductivity
contractility
preload
44
what is the correct order of valves?
aortic, pulmonic, mitral, tricuspid
idk, I just go here.
tricuspid, pulmonic, mitral, aortic
aortic, mitral, pulmonic, tricuspid
45
Epstein didn't kill himself
False
True
46
which in NOT true about angina pectoris
chest pain caused by ischemia
impaired bloodflow to myocardium
permanent
brought on by exertion
47
which does not apply to cardiac action potentials?
refractory period (chill)
depolarization (fire impulse)
repolarization (resting state)
reflection period (pause)
48
Clinical manifestations of angina do not include
chest pain 2-5 min
rest relieves symptoms
unrelieved by nitro
occurs after event
49
what sinus rhythm does the ECG display?
tachy
normal
brady
PAC
50
Antianginals increase O2 supply and decrease work of heart and demand by:
increasing preload, contractility, and BP
reducing preload, contractility, and BP
51
HDL: low <40 high >60
False
True
52
normal LDL is 100-129
True
False
53
hyperlipidemia is low lipid in blood
False
True
54
the degree to which the myocardial fibers are stretched prior to contraction
contractility
afterload
conductivity
preload
55
hypertension can be treated with lifestyle modifications
True
False
56
chronic venous insufficiency results from
absent valves
incompetent valves
57
diastolic heart failure
cannot eject blood
cannot fill with blood
58
Normal BP range
130/90
<120/<80
120/80
120/60
59
what sinus rhythm does the ECG display?
brady
arrhythmia
PAC
normal
