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Introductory Biology 1010 Flashcards | StudBud
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Introductory Biology 1010
Introductory Biology 1010
100 terms
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Study aid for final exam
Flashcards
100 cards
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Practice quiz
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Questions
100
Answers
1
Algae belong to which Kingdom in taxonomy?
Fungi
Protista
Animalia
Plantae
2
Sugars move through a vascularized plant using
microphyles
phloem
cortex
xylem
3
Approximately what percentage of energy in one trophic level is incorporated into the next one?
50%
20%
10%
90%
4
The process of using a DNA template to produce a messenger RNA is called transcription.
True
False
5
Amino acids are the building blocks of ___________
sugars
fats
proteins
starch
6
These plant structures are found on leaves and can open and close, allowing gases to enter and leave the leaf
cuticle
phloem
stomata
xylem
7
A best educated guess that serves as a possible explanation which an experiment is designed to prove or disprove.
Observation
Hypothesis
Variable
Analysis
8
Bryophytes like moss
do not produce flowers
do not produce seeds
do not have vascular tissue
all listed
9
The carpel/pistil contains what part of the female reproductive structure
ovary/ ovule(s)
sepals
anther/ filament
petals
10
Carbon atoms have 6 protons and will form how many covalent bonds?
12
2
4
6
11
What is the only plant division that has a dominant gametophyte generation?
Angiosperms flower plants
Gymnosperms like pine tree
Ferns and allies
Bryophytes like mosses
12
A solution that has more water and less dissovled substance than a cell.
hypertonic
isotonic
hypotonic
none listed
13
This is produced in photosynthesis when light splits water
PGAl
oxygen
carbon dioxide
pyruvate
14
Immature fern leaves are called
trichones
fiddleheads
fronds
liver worts
15
Cell structure's responsible for building proteins
Centrioles
Lysosomes
Ribosomes
Mitochondria
16
Cytokinesis in a plant cell
occurs when a cell plate forms as a precusor to the cell wall
has a cleavage furrow form to pinch the cytoplasm until seperation occurs
triggers the nuclues to copy DNA
has its chromatids line up in the center of the cell
17
Cytokinesis occurs when an animal cell
triggers the nuclues to copy DNA
occurs when a cell plate forms as a precusor to the cell wall
has its chromatids line up in the center of the cell
has a cleavage furrow form to pinch the cytoplasm until seperation occurs
18
Which of the following plants are vascularized
oaks
liver worts
horn worts
mosses
19
Algae belong to this Kingdom
Fungi
Protista
Archea
Plantae
20
Organelle that contains digestive enzymes in animal cells
endoplasmic reticulum
ribosomes
lysomes
centromere
21
Cells utilize DNA for hereditary material
True
False
22
Humans belong to which Domain in taxonomy?
Archea
Eukarya
Prokarya
Protista
23
These are located in chloroplasts and hold photosynthesis pigments in stacked discs
stomata
trichomes
thylakoids
stroma
24
Identify the stage of mitosis when chromosomes are being pulled apart to opposite ends of the cell.
Anaphase
Metaphase
Telophase
Prophase
25
Distilled water would act as what type of solution to a blood cell that contains 80% water and 20% solutes?
hypotonic solution
isotonic soution
A mixture, not a solution
hypertonic solution
26
Which of the following steps in cellular respiration produces the highest amount of ATP?
electron transport chain and oxidative phosphorylation
Kreb's cycle
citric acid cycle
glycolysis
27
Which of the following steps in cellular respiration occur without oxygen in the cytoplasm of cells?
citric acid cycle
Kreb's cycle
glycolysis
electron transport chain and oxidative phosphorylation
28
An atom that has 17 protons will have how many electrons in its outermost valence shell (orbital)?
17
32
7
none
29
Diploid organism's cells contain....
2 sets of chromosomes
1 set of chromosomes
no sex chromosomes
3 sets of chromomes
30
Seed leaves are called
corolla
sepals
cotyledons
anthers
31
Polysaccharide used to store energy in animal cells
Starch
Glucose
Cellulose
Glycogen
32
Gametes are?
Generic term for ovaries or testes organs
Haploid cells, eggs and sperm
Diploid cells, body or somatic cells
None of these
33
This cell organelle(s) provides structural support in plant cells through turgor pressure.
lysosomes
chloroplast
ribosomes
vacuole
34
Gymnosperms have the following
flowers
naked seeds
corolla
35
Fermentation occurs when
no oxygen is available
no ATP is available
no carbon dioxide is available
no sugar is available
36
Chitin, cellulose and starch are
proteins
fatty acids
lips
complex carbohydrates
37
Which step occurs in all cells, whether they use oxygen or not to produce ATP?
Glycolysis
Eletron transport chain with oxidative phosphorylation
citric acid cycle
Kreb's cycle
38
DNA is copied by semiconservative replication in Eukaryotes during what cellular phase?
Interphase
Anaphase
Metaphase
Telophase
39
Identify the stage of mitosis when chromosomes are located in the middle of the cell.
Prophase
Telophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
40
Which of the following is not a nitrogenous base in RNA?
Uracil
Adenine
Cytosine
Thymine
41
The pH of human blood is approximately?
8.9
3.0
6.0
7.4
42
In a homozygous dominant and recessive cross AA x aa
All offspring wil be heterozygous Aa
Offspring will all be homozygous AA
Offspring will have a 2:2 phenotypic ratio; Genotypic ratio 2 Aa and 2 aa
Offspring will be 3:1 phenotypic ratio; Geneotypic ration 1 AA, 2Aa, 1aa
43
The sporophyte generation produces spores or seed, depending on plant division
True
False
44
The cell organelle that produces the energy molecule called ATP
mitochondria
Golgi bodies
endoplasmic reticulum
ribosomes
45
These are the reactants in photosynthesis
carbon dioxide and water
sugar and oxgen
ATP
sunshine
46
Which of the following theories holds that cells arise from pre-existing cells
Chromosome theory
Cell theory
Germ theory
Endosymbiont theory
47
Bryophytes and Ferns utilize flagellated sperm, which means they are dependent on ________ for successful fertilization.
water
insects
birds and mammals
wind
48
Which of these are the smallest units of life?
organ systems
tissues
organs
cells
49
Archeabacteria are found in extreme environments - referred to as extremophiles
True
False
50
Prophase I is the phase in Meiosis where what process occurs?
Translation of proteins
Genetic recombination between homologous chromsomes
Independent assortment of homologous chromosomes
DNA synthesis
51
The stamen contains what part of the male reproductive structure
anther/ filament
stigma
ovary/ ovule(s)
carpel/ pistil
52
Ribosomes produce
carbohydrates
lipids
proteins
polysaccharides
53
All proteins are composed of what monomer?
nucleotides
monosaccharides
amino acids
fatty acids
54
Ferns and allies can grow tall because they have
gametophytes
produce spores
have vacular tissue
aneed for water to produces spores
55
Crossing over in Meiosis occurs when
euchromatin becomes chromosomes
Chromosomes replicate themselves using semi-conservative replication
Nondisjunction takes place
Homologous chromatids exchange segments of genetic material
56
Out the types of atomic bonds, which one is the strongest?
hydrogen
van der waals
ionic
covalent
57
Osmosis is diffusion of _________ from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.
carbohydrates
lipids
water
alcohol
58
This is the tissues in plants that are active in mitotic cell division
phloem
cortical
meristematic
xylem
59
Site of cellular respiration in eukaryotes, where ATP is produced.
Mitochondria
Endoplasmic reticulum
Lysosomes
Golgi apparatus
60
Chromatids exchange segments of genetic material.
In Meiosis, during DNA syntheis
In Meiosis, during crossing over
In Mitosis, prior to metaphase
In Mitosis, during crossing over
61
Identify the phase in mitosis when the chromatids are being pulled away from each other.
telophase
interphase
metaphase
anaphase
62
Role an organism plays in the community, including the habitat it requires and its interactions with other organisms.
Symbiosis
Habitat
Niche
Mimicry
63
Smallest unit of life, that contains all the characteristics of life
cell
virus
tissue
molecule
64
An allelic pair symbolized as Bb would be described as
heterozygous
recessive
homologous
homozygous
65
Someone with AB blood type would have ________ for both alleles because both are equally present in offspring.
recessive
not listed
blended
co-dominance
66
Oxidation means; Reduction means....
Gain of electrons; Loss of electrons
Both processes gain electrons
Loss of electrons; Gain of electrons
Both processes loose electrons
67
autotrophic organisms with the ability to carry on photosynthesis and to make food for themselves.
Carnivores
Decomposers
Producers
Herbivores
68
Cyanobacteria (blue-green) are not capable of photosynthesizing
True
False
69
This RNA works to carry amino acids to ribosomes
messenger RNA
ribosomal RNa
transfer RNA
70
Prions are infectious proteins and cause ________ disease
All of these
Kuru
Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD)
Mad Cow disease
71
Homologous chromosomes refer to
Chromosomes that look alike and code for the same traits
Chromosomes held together by centromeres in Mitosis
The non-sexual chromosomes of a haploid cell
The sexual chromosomes of a diploid cell
72
In Eukaryotic cells, chloroplasts contain these pigment-filled structures
trichomes
plasmids
thylakoids
stomata
73
A compound that releases hydrogen ions is:
a base
neutral
an acid
an alkai
74
A blood cell that contains 80% water and 20% solutes would do which of the following in distilled water?
Experience a 10% increase in water, but nothing serious
Loose water and shrivel up
Stay the same
Explode from the excessive uptake of water
75
Which type of animal feeds exclusively on animal material?
omnivore
herbivore
decomposer
carnivore
76
Oxygen moves into and carbon dioxide moves out of the lungs alveoli via _______.
Phagocytosis
Facilitated diffusion
Osmosis
Active transport
77
In the Angiosperm division, pollen grains are produced by
ovules
stigma
female gametophytes
anthers
78
Which of the following have some members that are capable of photosyntheis
fungi and algae
plants/algae/cyanobactera
fungi
plants only
79
Mushrooms belong to this Kingdom
Archea
Protista
Plantae
Fungi
80
With every energy transformation, some energy is lost as a less available form
heat energy
chemical energy
solar energy
mechanical energy
81
Humans belong to which Domain in taxonomy?
Protista
Prokarya
Archea
Eukarya
82
Which of the following statements are correct?
Meiosis produces 2 haploid cells.
Mitosis is the by which 2 identical cells are produced.
Mitosis produces 4 haploid cells.
Meiosis is the process by which 2 identical cells are produced.
83
This algal group is the closest in characteristics to land plants
green algae
brown algae
red algae
fire algae
84
Humans have 2 sex chromosomes and _____ autosomes
22
44
26
46
85
All carbohydrates are composed of what monomer?
amino acids
monosaccharides
nucleotides
fatty acids
86
Green plants do not absorb this color of the light spectrum
green
red
violent
yellow
87
If the diplid number of an organism's cells is 32, what will be the number of its haploid cells?
64
8
32
16
88
A cation is ________
a neutral ion
a covalently bonded atom
a negatively charged ion
a positively charged ion
89
Which is a correct statement regarding Mitosis cell division
Polyploid cell produces four haploid cell
Diploid cell produces two genetically identical diploid cells
Diploid cell produces two haploid cells
Diploid cell produces four genetically identical haploid cells
90
A female has XX symbolizing her sex chromosomes; a male XY. A male had to get his Y from his ____________
father
mother
91
An atom that has 17 protons will have how many electrons?
17
7
none
32
92
If horses have a diploid chromosome number of 60, what will be the chromosome number in their gametes?
46
30
60
23
93
A symbiotic relationship where both organisms benefit
commensal
mutualistic
parasitic
94
In a heterozygous cross Aa x Aa
Offspring will be 3:1 phenotypic ratio; Geneotypic ration 1 AA, 2Aa, 1aa
Offspring will have a 2:2 phenotypic ratio; Genotypic ratio 2 Aa and 2 aa
Offspring will all be homozygous AA
All offspring wil be heterozygous Aa
95
These are the reactants in cellular respiration
sugar and oxgen
sunshine
carbon dioxide and water
ATP
96
Which of the following correctly describes interphase.
Stage where chromatids are being seperated and pulled to opposite ends
Stage where chromosomes and copies are lined up in the middle of the cell
Stage in cell division when DNA replication occurs
Stage where chromosomes and their copies first become visible
97
Out the types of atomic bonds, which one is the weakest?
ionic
covalent
isotope
hydrogen
98
Enzymes decrease the amount of energy require for a reaction to occur,
but their efficiency is impacted by
pH
Temperature
Concentration
All listed
99
Bacteria do not have a nucleus and are called.
Prokaryotic
Archea
Pronucleotic
Eukaryotic
100
The chloroplast organelle is where ___________ occurs
cellular respiration
lipid peroxidation
photosynthesis
cytokinesis