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Photosynthesis test bio honors
Photosynthesis test bio honors
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Review the basics of photosynthesis for introductory biology
Flashcards
160 cards
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Practice quiz
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Host live
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Questions
160
Answers
1
ATP + NADPH + CO2 --> C6H12O6 best represents which set of reactions?
light independent
light dependent
2
Which reaction does CO2 Concentration affect
Light Independent Reaction( Calvin Cycle)
Both
Light Dependent Reaction
3
Which letter represents the stroma?
c
b
a
d
4
The carbon found in glucose comes from what source?
CO2
ATP
H2O
sunlight
5
Which electron carrier molecule is used during Photosynthesis?
ADP
ATP
NADP+
NADPH
6
In which set of chemical reactions is oxygen released?
light independent
light dependent
7
The process of using light to break water molecules is called
Cytolysis
Photosynthesis
Photolysis
Hydrolyisis
8
sunlight + H2O --> ATP + NADPH + O2 represents which chemical reactions?
light dependent
light independent
9
What Part is 2
Palisade Mesophyll
Pholem
Guard Cells
Spongy Mesophyll
10
What happens as the electrons from PS II are being passed down to PS I?
The electrons go onto the electron carrier NADP+ to become NADPH
Electrons of the chlorophyll/photosystem jump to higher energy level
The electrons go down the electron transport chain to Photosystem I
Electrons move H+ions from stroma to proteinchannels in thylakoid to lumen
11
Types of Accessory Pigments
Carotenoids, Anthocyanins, Xanthophyll
absorbs all light except yellow
produce red, purple, and blue colors
produce yellow, orange, and brown colors
12
How do photosystems work
1 pigment gets excited by light energy then temporarily lose electrons
2 final pigment,reaction center,will permanently lose a pair of electrons
13
In which set of chemical reactions is sunlight absorbed?
light dependent
light independent
14
Transpiration
Proteins that can never absorb wavelengths of visible spectrum of light
the loss/evaporation of water through a leaf
Proteins that can absorb some wavelengths of visible spectrum of light
The gaining of water through a leaf
15
Steps of ATP synthases
Idk
1.H+ions will flow from Lumen to Stroma,through ATP Synthase,creating ATP
16
White does what
seen is that color reflected
absorbs all light
reflects all light
17
Photoautotrophs
organism that takes inorganic chemicals and transforms it into energy
acquire energy by processing sunlight with nutrients through photosynthesis
Can't produce their own energy and need to acquire it from other organisms
18
Where does the light reaction take place?
Sun(Light), Water, ADP, NADP+
Electrons of the chlorophyll/photosystem jump to higher energy level
Thylakoid membrane or just thylakoid
The electrons go onto the electron carrier NADP+ to become NADPH
19
Xylem
Part of mesophyll that contains gases
Inside of vein that transports sugar
Middle of the leaf that contains the leaf's chlorophyll and gases
Inside of vein that transports water
20
Which letter shows where the light independent reactions occur?
a
d
b
c
21
Which bond is broken in ATP to release energy?
Yes, add a phosphate group to ADP(phosphorylation)
phosphate group, adenine, ribose
the phosphate bond between the second and third phosphate
Energy Currency of the cell
22
Which is 12
carbon fixation
Regeneration
reduction
23
In which set of chemical reactions is ATP used?
light independent
light dependent
24
What ATP consists of
Energy Currency of the cell
Yes, add a phosphate group to ADP(phosphorylation)
the phosphate bond between the second and third phosphate
phosphate group, adenine, ribose
25
Which is 10
3 RuBP
5 G3P recycled
reduction
1 G3P is taken away to make glucose
26
Which reaction does light intensity affect
Both
Light Dependent Reaction
Light Independent Reaction( Calvin Cycle)
27
What happens to the oxygen?
Electrons from PS II replenish the electrons being lost at Photosystem I
The electrons go down the electron transport chain to Photosystem I
Oxygen is released as a by-product (Waste)
Water splits in photolysis to produce Oxygen gas, H+ ions, electrons
28
Inputs of calvin cycle
Glucose(G3P), ADP+P, NADP+
CO2, ATP, NADPH
make glucose using CO2 from air & ATP & NADPH from light reactions
stroma
29
What are the products of the light reaction?
Oxygen gas,ATP and NADPH which are then used in the Calvin Cycle
splitting of water
Process of ADP adding a Phosphate to become ATP by the enzyme ATP synthase
Chemical: ATP and NADPH
30
What is 4
Stroma
Granum
Thylakoid
Inner membrane
31
What Part is 4
Epidermis
Stoma/Stomata
Palisade Mesophyll
Spongy Mesophyll
32
What Part is 10
Cuticle
Vein
Pholem
Xylem
33
How does PS I replenish its electrons?
The electrons go onto the electron carrier NADP+ to become NADPH
The electrons go down the electron transport chain to Photosystem I
Electrons move H+ions from stroma to proteinchannels in thylakoid to lumen
Electrons from PS II replenish the electrons being lost at Photosystem I
34
Reduction
The gaining of energy/ electrons
The loss of energy/ electrons
35
Black does what
seen is that color reflected
reflects all light
absorbs all light
36
What Part is 7
Guard Cells
Palisade Mesophyll
Xylem
Pholem
37
Where do the electrons from PS I go?
Electrons of the chlorophyll/photosystem jump to higher energy level
Thylakoid membrane or just thylakoid
The electrons go onto the electron carrier NADP+ to become NADPH
Sun(Light), Water, ADP, NADP+
38
Anthocyanins
absorbs all light except yellow
produce red, purple, and blue colors
Carotenoids, Anthocyanins, Xanthophyll
produce yellow, orange, and brown colors
39
Exact name of ATP
idk
adenosine tri-phosphate
40
Which is 11
reduction
5 G3P recycled
1 G3P is taken away to make glucose
3 RuBP
41
Guard Cells
A pore in leaf where watervapor/other gases leave and enter
the protective, outer layer of cells on the surface of a leaf.
Transports water, nutrients, and sugar throughout the plant
Surround stomata and change shape which makes the stomata open/close
42
What is ATP
the phosphate bond between the second and third phosphate
Yes, add a phosphate group to ADP(phosphorylation)
Energy Currency of the cell
phosphate group, adenine, ribose
43
Which is 4
Rubisco
Carbon fixation
6 3-PGA
3 CO2
44
Which is 15
1 G3P is taken away to make glucose
reduction
5 G3P recycled
3 RuBP
45
Which is 8
Regeneration
carbon fixation
reduction
46
How does NADP+ become NADPH in light reactions?
Light, Water, ADP+P, NADP+
To transfer the energy in sunlight into molecules of ATP and NADPH
NADP+ (final e- acceptor) accepts the electrons from PSI and becomes NADPH.
H+ions flow from the Lumen to the Stroma,through ATP Synthase,creating ATP
47
Chemoautotrophs
organism that takes inorganic chemicals and transforms it into energy
acquire energy by processing sunlight with nutrients through photosynthesis
Can't produce their own energy and need to acquire it from other organisms
48
Which is 14
ADP
ATP
49
Which is 7
NADPH
NADP+
ADP
ATP
50
Electromagnetic Spectrum
Range of electrons in a atom
Magnetic pull on an object
Wide range of energy types, travels in waves
51
ATP and NADPH
Are needed to start photosynthesis.
Release Energy
Make sugar
Store chemical energy
52
Steps of Photosystem II
3.Water is split(Photolysis),replacing the two lost electrons(2e-)from PSII
1.Light strikes Photosystem II so its pigment electrons to be excited
2.PSII (P680) gets so excited it eventually loses a pair of electrons (2e-)
4.Oxygen is released as waste product.H+ions start to build up in Lumen.
53
H+ ions build up inside the _____________ and move through ATP synthase to the _______________.
lumen, stroma
stroma, lumen
lumen, stomata
thylakoid membrane, stroma
54
What is NADPH
Yes, NADP+ + 2 e- + H+ 🡪 NADPH
Used to produce glucose in the calvin cycle
Source that stores and provides energy for processes
55
What is 5
Lumen
Thylakoid
Lamella
Granum
56
Pholem
Surround stomata and change shape which makes the stomata open/close
Inside of vein that transports water
Inside of vein that transports sugar
water repelling layer on outside of leaf that keeps it from drying out
57
The light energy from the sun is converted to what type of energy?
Chemical: ATP and NADPH
Process of ADP adding a Phosphate to become ATP by the enzyme ATP synthase
Oxygen gas,ATP and NADPH which are then used in the Calvin Cycle
splitting of water
58
What supplies the electrons that are lost in Photosystem II (PS II)?
oxygen
glucose
water
rubisco
59
Where is calvin cycle located
make glucose using CO2 from air & ATP & NADPH from light reactions
CO2, ATP, NADPH
Glucose(G3P), ADP+P, NADP+
stroma
60
What is the TOTAL cost of ATP and NADPH needed to make one glucose molecule?
18 ATP & 12 NADPH
9 ATP & 6 NADPH
6 ATP & 9 NADPH
4 ATP & 7 NADPH
61
What are the colors of the visible light spectrum (White Light)?
Red, orange, yellow, green, blue, purple
Green, Blue, Purple
Red, yellow, blue
Red, orange, yellow, green, blue, purple, pink, black, brown,
62
How is ATP produced in light reactions
NADP+ (final e- acceptor) accepts the electrons from PSI and becomes NADPH.
Light, Water, ADP+P, NADP+
H+ions flow from the Lumen to the Stroma,through ATP Synthase,creating ATP
To transfer the energy in sunlight into molecules of ATP and NADPH
63
Which reaction does temperature affect
Both
Light Dependent Reaction
Light Independent Reaction( Calvin Cycle)
64
What Part is 3
Palisade Mesophyll
Epidermis
Spongy Mesophyll
Stoma/Stomata
65
What happens when the photosystems absorb sunlight energy?
Electrons of the chlorophyll/photosystem jump to higher energy level
Sun(Light), Water, ADP, NADP+
Thylakoid membrane or just thylakoid
The electrons go onto the electron carrier NADP+ to become NADPH
66
Heterotrophs
acquire energy by processing sunlight with nutrients through photosynthesis
Can't produce their own energy and need to acquire it from other organisms
organism that takes inorganic chemicals and transforms it into energy
67
Cuticle
Inside of vein that transports sugar
Surround stomata and change shape which makes the stomata open/close
Transports water, nutrients, and sugar throughout the plant
water repelling layer on outside of leaf that keeps it from drying out
68
Which is 3
Carbon fixation
3 CO2
6 3-PGA
Rubisco
69
What are photosystems
A collection of pigments within the “Thylakoid” membrane of a chloroplast
idk
70
How many turns are necessary to produce one single glucose molecule?
1
5
3
2
71
What is 1
Stroma
Outer membrane
Intermembrane space
Inner membrane
72
Light reactions only occur during the daytime.
True
False
73
Chlorophyll B
absorbs blue and red light, reflects green and yellow.
absorbs blue-violet and red light, and reflects green.
74
Which is 5
ADP
NADP+
NADPH
ATP
75
Which factor is B
Light intensity
Temperature
Carbon dioxide concentration
76
What are the reactants to the Light Reactions?
Oxygen and Water
Sunlight, Oxygen, NADPH, ATP
Sunlight, Water, NADP+, ADP
Sunlight and Carbon Dioxide
77
Palisade Mesophyll
Part of mesophyll that contains chlorphyll
Middle of the leaf that contains the leaf's chlorophyll and gases
Part of mesophyll that contains gases
Inside of vein that transports water
78
Sunlight is absorbed into plant tissues by
chlorophyll pigments
xylem
phloem
stomata
79
Which letter shows where the light dependent reactions occur?
d
a
c
b
80
What Part is 6
Pholem
Xylem
Vein
Cuticle
81
What Part is 9
Vein
Pholem
Inner membrane
Epidermis
82
In which set of chemical reactions is H2O used?
light independent
light dependent
83
Shorter waves(Blue light)
More Energy
Less Energy
84
Mesophyll
Inside of vein that transports water
Part of mesophyll that contains gases
Middle of the leaf that contains the leaf's chlorophyll and gases
Inside of vein that transports sugar
85
Carotenoids
Carotenoids, Anthocyanins, Xanthophyll
produce red, purple, and blue colors
absorbs all light except yellow
produce yellow, orange, and brown colors
86
Low Battery
ADP
ATP
87
At the end of the ETC in PS I, electrons are added to
NADP+
glucose
water
ATP
88
what is the goal of photosynthesis
make glucose using CO2 from air & ATP & NADPH from light reactions
CO2, ATP, NADPH
Glucose(G3P), ADP+P, NADP+
stroma
89
What happens to water?
The electrons go down the electron transport chain to Photosystem I
Electrons from PS II replenish the electrons being lost at Photosystem I
Oxygen is released as a by-product (Waste)
Water splits in photolysis to produce Oxygen gas, H+ ions, electrons
90
Which is 13
ATP
ADP
91
What is 7
Lamella
Lumen
Granum
Thylakoid
92
What reactants are used in the Calvin cycle produced from light-dependent reactions?
Carbon dioxide and ATP
Oxygen and h2o
Nadph and ATP
ADP and Nadp+
93
In addition to electrons, what things are released when water is split?
ATP
carbon dioxide
H+
oxygen
94
Factors of Photosynthesis
shortage of water, temp, light intesity, CO2 concentration
shortage of soil, condensity, scent intesity, O2 concentration
95
Is and how is NADPH rechargeable
Yes, NADP+ + 2 e- + H+ 🡪 NADPH
Used to produce glucose in the calvin cycle
Source that stores and provides energy for processes
96
When oxygen is released as a result of photosynthesis, it is a direct by-product of
reducing NADP+
photophosphorylation
splitting water molecules (photolysis)
electron transfer in photosystem II and I
97
Where do the electrons from PS II go?
The electrons go down the electron transport chain to Photosystem I
Thylakoid membrane or just thylakoid
The electrons go onto the electron carrier NADP+ to become NADPH
Electrons of the chlorophyll/photosystem jump to higher energy level
98
Lumen
Where H+ ion concentration builds up
Stack of thylakoid that increases surface area for photosynthesis
thick fluid,protects/insulates chloroplast,where sugar/glucose is made
Membrane bound sacs found inside the chloroplast with pigment inside
99
Which letter represents the structure that regulates what enters and exits the chloroplast?
d
b
c
a
100
What is the function of NADP+?
It acts as long-term energy storage
It absorbs light
It is an electron carrier
It is a light-reflecting pigment
101
What is the main purpose of the light dependent reactions?
To reflect green light
To provide the energy for the calvin cycle
To capture energy and make sugar
To make sugars
102
What is the first step of the light reactions?
E- move down the electron transport chain.
Water is split.
Pigments in photosystems absorb light to excite e-.
H+ builds up in the stroma.
103
What part of a leaf is used to manage transpiration
Inner Membrane
Mesophyll
Vein
Stomata/stoma
104
Which products of the light reaction are used to deliver chemical energy to the Calvin cycle?
Oxygen
NADPH
ATP
105
Which letter represents a grana?
b
a
c
d
106
Longer waves(Red light)
Less Energy
More Energy
107
ATP gets formed in the light reactions by which process?
Photosynthesis
Photophosphorylation
Photolysis
Osmosois
108
How does PS II replenish its electrons?
Electrons from PS II replenish the electrons being lost at Photosystem I
The electrons go down the electron transport chain to Photosystem I
Water splitting (photolysis) replenish the electrons being lost at PSII
Electrons move H+ions from stroma to proteinchannels in thylakoid to lumen
109
What is photolysis
Electrons from PS II replenish the electrons being lost at Photosystem I
splitting of water
Oxygen is released as a by-product (Waste)
Process of ADP adding a Phosphate to become ATP by the enzyme ATP synthase
110
Which is 9
NADP+
ADP
ATP
NADPH
111
What is 3
Inner membrane
Stroma
Intermembrane space
Granum
112
Photosynthesis is an example of an energy transformation.
false
true
113
Vein
the protective, outer layer of cells on the surface of a leaf.
Surround stomata and change shape which makes the stomata open/close
Transports water, nutrients, and sugar throughout the plant
A pore in leaf where watervapor/other gases leave and enter
114
Chlorophyll A
absorbs blue-violet and red light, and reflects green.
absorbs blue and red light, reflects green and yellow.
115
What is the goal of light dependent reactions
To transfer the energy in sunlight into molecules of ATP and NADPH
H+ions flow from the Lumen to the Stroma,through ATP Synthase,creating ATP
NADP+ (final e- acceptor) accepts the electrons from PSI and becomes NADPH.
Light, Water, ADP+P, NADP+
116
Spongy Mesophyll
Middle of the leaf that contains the leaf's chlorophyll and gases
Part of mesophyll that contains chlorphyll
Part of mesophyll that contains gases
Inside of vein that transports water
117
What happens to the H
+
protons/ions? (4 part)
1. H+ions are on stroma/lumen side of thylakoid
3.Then will move through ATP synthase back to stroma
2.H+ions will become high concentration in lumen
4.To be used to power ATP synthase
118
What happens to the O
2
created in the light phase?
Diffuses out through the stomata
Becomes CO2
Is used to make water.
Is used to make C6H12O6
119
What supplies the electrons that are lost in photosystem I (PSI)?
glucose
oxygen
water
the electrons from PS II (travel down ETC)
120
What Part is 5
Xylem
Cuticle
Vein
Pholem
121
outputs of calvin cycle
CO2, ATP, NADPH
stroma
make glucose using CO2 from air & ATP & NADPH from light reactions
Glucose(G3P), ADP+P, NADP+
122
Is ADP rechargeable? How does this occur?
the phosphate bond between the second and third phosphate
Energy Currency of the cell
phosphate group, adenine, ribose
Yes, add a phosphate group to ADP(phosphorylation)
123
The main purpose for photosynthesis is for the plant to make
glucose
both oxygen and glucose
carbon dioxide
oxygen
124
Stomata/stoma
Surround stomata and change shape which makes the stomata open/close
A pore in leaf where watervapor/other gases leave and enter
Transports water, nutrients, and sugar throughout the plant
the protective, outer layer of cells on the surface of a leaf.
125
Accessory Pigments
help to absorb the color that Chlorophyll a and b cannot, which is green
absorb light and undergo photosynthesis.
126
Which reaction does water shortage affect
Light Dependent Reaction
Both
Light Independent Reaction( Calvin Cycle)
127
Steps of Photosystem I
2. NADP+ (final e- acceptor)accept electrons from PSI and becomes NADPH
1. The electrons lost from PSI are replaced by the new electrons from PSII
128
Xanthophyll
Carotenoids, Anthocyanins, Xanthophyll
produce yellow, orange, and brown colors
produce red, purple, and blue colors
absorbs all light except yellow
129
Thylakoid
Stack of thylakoid that increases surface area for photosynthesis
Where H+ ion concentration builds up
Membrane bound sacs found inside the chloroplast with pigment inside
thick fluid,protects/insulates chloroplast,where sugar/glucose is made
130
What does ATP synthase do?
enzyme that breaks down ATP
enzyme that breaks down NADPH
enzyme that creates ATP
enzyme that creates NADPH
131
Which factor is C
Light intensity
Carbon dioxide concentration
Temperature
132
What is Photophosphorylation
Process of ADP adding a Phosphate to become ATP by the enzyme ATP synthase
splitting of water
Electrons from PS II replenish the electrons being lost at Photosystem I
Oxygen is released as a by-product (Waste)
133
Which of the following is NOT a product of the light reactions?
ATP
Oxygen
Glucose (Sugar)
NADPH
134
Color does what
absorbs all light
reflects all light
seen is that color reflected
135
Input of light dependent reactions
To transfer the energy in sunlight into molecules of ATP and NADPH
H+ions flow from the Lumen to the Stroma,through ATP Synthase,creating ATP
NADP+ (final e- acceptor) accepts the electrons from PSI and becomes NADPH.
Light, Water, ADP, NADP+
136
High Battery
ATP
ADP
137
What is 8
Lumen
Thylakoid
Granum
Lamella
138
Where do the light reactions happen?
central vacuole
thylakoid membrane
mitochondria membrane
stroma
139
Which is 1
Rubisco
6 3-PGA
Carbon fixation
3 CO2
140
What is 6
Thylakoid
Lumen
Lamella
Granum
141
Granum
Membrane bound sacs found inside the chloroplast with pigment inside
Where H+ ion concentration builds up
thick fluid,protects/insulates chloroplast,where sugar/glucose is made
Stack of thylakoid that increases surface area for photosynthesis
142
What are the reactants of the light reactions?
The electrons go onto the electron carrier NADP+ to become NADPH
Sun(Light), Water, ADP, NADP+
Thylakoid membrane or just thylakoid
Electrons of the chlorophyll/photosystem jump to higher energy level
143
Which of the following represents the best chemical equation for photosynthesis?
CO2 + H2O + sunlight --> C6H12O6 + O2
6O2 + 6H2O + sunlight --> C6H12O6 + 6CO2
6CO2 + 6H2O + sunlight--> C6H12O6 + 6 O2
C6H12O6 + O2 + sunlight--> H2O + CO2
144
Bundles/clusters of pigments called photosystems absorb light and donate electrons to ETCs
True
False
145
How is NADPH used
Source that stores and provides energy for processes
Yes, NADP+ + 2 e- + H+ 🡪 NADPH
Used to produce glucose in the calvin cycle
146
In which set of chemical reactions is NADPH formed?
light dependent
light independent
147
Which factor is A
Light intensity
Temperature
Carbon dioxide concentration
148
The site of photosynthesis is the
nucleus
chloroplast
mitochondria
cytosol
149
What is 2
Intermembrane space
Inner membrane
Outer membrane
Stroma
150
What Part is 8
Pholem
Palisade Mesophyll
Guard Cells
Spongy Mesophyll
151
Which is 6
NADPH
NADP+
ATP
ADP
152
Which is 2
Carbon fixation
3 CO2
Rubisco
6 3-PGA
153
What Part is 1
Spongy Mesophyll
Palisade Mesophyll
Epidermis
Stoma/Stomata
154
In which set of chemical reactions is glucose made?
light independent
light dependent
155
The oxygen that we all breathe in and require for life comes from which source?
H2O
CO2
C6H12O6
ATP
156
Which letter represents the thylakoid membrane?
c
a
d
b
157
Epidermis
the protective, outer layer of cells on the surface of a leaf.
Surround stomata and change shape which makes the stomata open/close
A pore in leaf where watervapor/other gases leave and enter
Transports water, nutrients, and sugar throughout the plant
158
Oxidation
The gaining of energy/ electrons
The loss of energy/ electrons
159
Stroma
Membrane bound sacs found inside the chloroplast with pigment inside
thick fluid,protects/insulates chloroplast,where sugar/glucose is made
Where H+ ion concentration builds up
Stack of thylakoid that increases surface area for photosynthesis
160
Pigments
Proteins that can absorb some wavelengths of visible spectrum of light
the loss/evaporation of water through a leaf
The gaining of water through a leaf
Proteins that can never absorb wavelengths of visible spectrum of light
