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Sociology II Final Exam Review Flashcards | StudBud
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Sociology II Final Exam Review
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Where does gentrification take place?
Sociology II Final Exam Review
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Answers
1
Where does gentrification take place?
rural areas
developing countries
suburbs
urban centers
2
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concentric-zone theory
city development theory
urban sprawl theory
multi-nuclei theory
3
Which of the following can be a cause of social change?
all of the above
invention
conflict
discovery
4
Environmental racism is placing which things in poor areas more frequently than wealthy areas?
hazardous waste sites
landfills
factories
all of the above
5
Contagion theory is collective behavior happening if people who think alike are drawn together.
false
true
6
The World-Systems Approach argues that more of the world’s resources go where?
third world countries
peripheral nations
core nations
developing nations
7
Social change is both planned and unplanned.
true
false
8
What is an area with dense population that encompasses more than one city?
postmodern city
megalopolis
postindustrial city
metro city
9
Which of the following is an example of a Sunbelt city?
Omaha
Phoenix
Washington, DC
all of the above
10
What did Malthus believe was going to happen?
new technologies would increase the amount of food
countries would institute population policies
population would out grow the food supply
all of the above
11
Which of the following is a characteristic of postmodernity?
decreasing cultural debates
increasing production of ideas
an uncertainty about the future
a belief that science has all the answers
12
Which social movements are social movements that seek partial change for individual?
redemptive
alterative
reformative
revolutionary
13
North American culture contributes to environmental issues.
true
false
14
|
true
false
15
Which of the following is a characteristic of modernization?
a growth in small, traditional communities
a disinterest in the future
all of the above
an expansion of individual choice
16
Demography is the study of what?
population
cities
the environment
the mass media
17
Soon, Japan will have a situation where fewer workers are supporting retired individuals.
true
false
18
What is true about social change?
Social change happens continuously in society.
Social change is generally eagerly accepted.
All nations change at the same pace.
US/Canada have had little social change in last 100 years.
19
Modern, industrial societies have less social diversity than pre-industrial societies.
true
false
20
Collective behavior can do which of the following?
change form
all of the above
appear
disappear
21
Which are those groups or individuals who will suffer from a particular form of social change?
Luddites
developing nations
vested interests
postmodernists
22
A situation that might cause a panic is which of the following?
a sale at the mall
a new fashion that becomes popular
a burning building
a new idea that catches on
23
Urbanism is the way of life, patterns of behavior, and culture of city dwellers.
false
true
24
The World-Systems Approach argues that peripheral nations exploit core nations in various ways.
false
true
25
Great Britain is an example of a core nation.
false
true
26
Most African countries have a higher birth rate than countries in North America.
true
false
27
Social movements are rare in today’s society.
false
true
28
The Industrial Revolution had little effect on society.
false
true
29
A greater food surplus allowed for cities to grow in population.
false
true
30
Which of the following is true about collective behavior?
Collective behavior is easy to study for sociologists.
Collective behavior is never violent.
Collective behavior lasts the longest of any type of group.
Collective behavior happens when social order & norms fail.
31
Marx, Weber, and Durkheim did not study cities in their works.
false
true
32
Social movements progress through the stages of social movements in the same order.
true
false
33
Which of the following is a reason why Sunbelt cities are increasing in population?
There are more jobs opportunities in the Sunbelt now
all of the above
the Sunbelt cities industrialized before Northern cities
Sunbelt cities offer fewer tax incentives to businesses
34
Modernity is said to have started with what event in history?
The Industrial Revolution
The Middle Ages
The Enlightenment
World War I
35
Who argued that cities brought a more impersonal, transitory way of life to people?
Ted Mosby
James McInnis
Louis Wirth
Janice Radway
36
Which of the following is a function of the environment?
as a “house” for individuals
as a place to put waste
as a provider of the resources needed to live
all of the above
37
Why did Marx believe that social change was necessary in society?
it makes some nations richer than others
it makes life easier for everyone
it helps correct inequality and justice
it keeps life interesting
38
One reason for migration between countries is more economic opportunities in another country.
false
true
39
Which theory explains why people may engage in behaviors that they would not ordinarily do?
resource mobilization theory
convergence theory
emergent-norm theory
relative deprivation theory
40
Sprawl often happens from unplanned development and the rapid growth of a city.
true
false
41
Resource mobilization theory states movements develop when groups have access to resources like
money
music
food
all of the above
42
Which of the following is an example of a preindustrial city?
Ur
Paris
Beijing
Seattle
43
The population is expected to grow to which number by 2050?
4 billion
2 billion
8 billion
6 billion
44
What happens to population in stage two of the demographic transition theory?
population increases
population increases, but only slightly
population remains about the same
population decreases
45
The corridor from Boston to Washington, D.C. is an example of a megalopolis.
false
true
46
Social change is overwhelmingly positive for society.
false
true
47
The movement of people into a country is called emigration.
false
true
48
Theory of social change used most often to explain the collapse or decline of civilizations
Evolutionary Theory
Cyclical Theory
Modernization Theory
Equilibrium Theory
49
Many countries use a census to learn more about the population.
true
false
50
Crowds are temporary gatherings with a common interest or focus.
false
true
51
Environmental racism is the placement of landfills and hazardous waste sites in wealthy areas.
false
true
52
Which of the following is an example of a social movement?
Russian Revolution
dance crazes
all of the above
panics
53
Micro-change is change that happens at which level?
individuals
social structure
the government
institutions
54
Durkheim, Marx, and Weber all examined social change in their work.
false
true
55
Modern societies have a greater focus on the future than pre-industrial societies.
true
false
56
Relative deprivation theory states that ______ must exist for a social movement to develop.
members
grievances
money
leadership
57
Redemptive social movements seek total change in individuals than alterative social movements.
false
true
58
From 1870 to 1915, how many immigrants came to North America?
35 million
3 million
100,000
20 million
59
The life expectancy in Japan is 64 years.
true
false
60
Cities decreased in size from the industrial to the postindustrial city.
true
false
61
The fact that the earth is an ecosystem means which of the following?
if pollution doesn’t reach the ocean, the water supply is ok
what happens in 1 part of the ecosystem affects other parts
humans can’t understand how to combat environmental issues
population doesn’t affect global warming
62
Contagion theory argues that crowds have what type of effect on people?
hypnotic
depressing
invigorating
calming
63
Which theory argues that societies went from pre-industrial to industrial to postindustrial?
Modernization Theory
Equilibrium Theory
World-Systems Theory
Cyclical Theory
64
Which of the following is a category of urban residents?
all of the above
the trapped
unmarried and childless people
ethnic villagers
65
Which of the following is a reason why preindustrial cities were smaller than today’s cities?
factories were located outside of cities
people liked living in rural areas more
the population was larger with more cities
there was less food surplus to support cities
66
Demographics have no effect on social change in society.
true
false
67
Gentrification benefits poor individuals living in the area because their taxes are lowered.
true
false
68
Which type of -oriented movements seek to make specific changes within a society?
belief
norm
culture
value
69
What are situations where a particular group is thought to be a danger or menace to society?
moral panics
riots
mass hysterias
mobs
70
Which type of city is one in which global finance and electronic information dominate?
industrial
proindustrial
preindustrial
postindustrial
71
The Salem Witch Trials are an example of a craze.
true
false
72
Which of the following is an example of a negative consequence of social change?
global warming
pollution
man-made disasters
all of the above
73
Which of the following is an example of a reformative social movement?
The French Revolution
Alcoholics Anonymous
The Environmental Movement
Promise Keepers
74
The Equilibrium Model states that social change happens because society seeks
the common good
development
conflict
balance
75
Social movements often push for change outside of institutional means such as protests.
true
false
76
What is the study of the interactions between the environment and living creatures?
history
ecology
chemistry
demography
77
Which of the following is a negative effect of urban sprawl?
less rural, green space around cities
more traffic congestion
all of the above
longer commutes for individuals
78
The 1st stage of a social movement is emergence, which is a social movement coming into being.
true
false
79
Which of the following is a potential outcome for a social movement?
success
all of the above
cooptation
going mainstream
80
Which of the following is NOT a common aspect in areas of sprawl?
shopping malls
housing subdivisions
large green areas
strip malls
81
Mortality is the rate of childbearing in a country.
true
false
82
Concentric zone theory states urban areas have development centers that meet different needs.
false
true
83
Which of the following is an example of a peripheral country?
Canada
Japan
France
Kenya
84
Cities are made up of diverse groups of people.
true
false
85
|
emergence
decline
bureaucratization
coalescence
86
Which of the following is a factor that could lead to high infant mortality rates?
all of the above
infectious diseases
famine
poverty
87
Social movements often have one or more charismatic leaders who draw people to the movement.
false
true
88
When a crowd is directed a specific focus with violence, it is called what?
mob
fad
riot
craze
89
Evolutionary theory that states all societies pass through the same stages & reach the same end
Linear
Unilinear
Duolinear
Multilinear