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UM3080 End of Semester 1 Revision Quiz (24-25) Flashcards | StudBud
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UM3080 End of Semester 1 Revision Quiz (24-25)
UM3080 End of Semester 1 Revision Quiz (24-25)
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1
Which factor, linked to socioeconomic status, inhibits smoking cessation?
All of the above
Stress
Debt
Unemployment
2
The main goal of primary prevention is minimising disease damage
True
False
3
Which term defines "the widercontext in which people engagewith food consumption fromacquiring through to consuming"
Food security
Food environment
Food insecurity
Food availability
4
Infertility may arise due to chlamydia or gonorrhoea
False
True
5
Which public health indicator counts number of deaths AND age at which it occurs?
QALY
YLL
DALY
YPLL
6
From which stage of the transtheoretical/‘Stages of Change Model’ is there a firm commitment to change?
Contemplation
Precontemplation
Action
Preparation
7
Which option below is NOT a World Health Organization life course stage?
Youth and adulthood (main employment and reproductive years)
Birth, neonatal period, and infancy
Retirement
Early and later childhood and adolescence
8
Which of the below is a health-checking behaviour?
Sleep hygiene
Exercise
None of the above
All of the above
9
Which of the below is an NHS England approach to reduce healthcare inequalities at both national and system level?
UNESCO
NZERO2050
TEDS
CORE20PLUS5
10
A PA sees a patient with a disability, who will likely die 14 years early. If the patient's YLD is 3, what is DALY?
0.21
4.67
10
17
11
Social isolation and loneliness are associated with a 30% increased risk of heart disease and stroke
True
False
12
What percentage of diabetes patients report household foodinsecurity?
5
20
10
40
13
Which organisation publishes analyses of local and national trends for NOIDS on a weekly basis?
UK Health Security Agency
UK Health Symptom Association
UK Health Security Association
UK Health Secretary Affiliates
14
Which of the below is NOT a public health indicator?
Net Present Value
Disability Adjusted Life Year
Quality Adjusted Life Year
Years of Potential Life Lost
15
A PA develops a public health indicator that is not replicable. Which public health characteristic is it lacking?
Validity
Defintiion
Reliability
Acceptability
16
Smoking is on the rise in the UK
False
True
17
In the case of significant clinical need, NICE raise their discount rate to make the investment more financially sound
False
True
18
OR#2: 15 cases exposed, 10 cases unexposed. 5 controls exposed, 17 controls unexposed. What is the OR?
6.6
11.2
2.4
5.1
19
Food environment considers only the Three As: accessibility, affordability, and availability
False
True
20
S&S#1: 14 true positives, 15 false positives, 5 false negatives and 0 true negatives. Sensitivity and specificity?
73.7% and 0%
0% and 48%
48% and 0%
0% and 73.7%
21
Which determinant of health does occupation fall under?
Genetics
Social and economic environment
Individual characteristics and behaviours
Physical environment
22
In routine practice, frequentist statistics incorporates prior information
False
True
23
In the Health Belief Model, which of the below can only lead to an INCREASE in Perceived Threat, and not a decrease?
Cues to action
Perceived severity
Knowledge
Ethnicity
24
Calculate the age-adjusted death rate for Population A and Population B below
1394.63 (A) and 1337.18 (B)
28.7 (A) and 29.9 (B)
1337.18 (A) and 1394.63 (B)
29.9 (A) and 28.7 (B)
25
Social determinants of health account for what percentage of health outcomes?
20-45
40-65
10-25
30-55
26
Functional ability is always greater than intrinsic capacity
False
True
27
In motivational interviewing, you should "push" rather than "pull"
True
False
28
Secondary prevention is about early detection
False
True
29
What is HALE?
Health Adjusted Longevity Easing
Health Adjusted Loss Easing
Health Adjusted Life Expectancy
Health Adjusted Longevity Expectancy
30
Calculate NPV. £200,000 investment. £40,000 returned per year for 5 years. 3.5% discount rate.
-23134.1
None of the above
0
-19397.9
31
What is the infant mortality rate? 6000 live births, 200 deaths under the age of 1, and 50 deaths between ages 1 and 2
0.03
33.3
0.042
41.67
32
Within a year of quitting smoking, how much is the likelihood of experiencing a heart attack reduced by?
Entirely Removed
Halved
No Change
Quartered
33
Intrinsic capacity is defined as "the internal attributes we are born with and influence our physical and mental health"
True
False
34
S&S#2: 11 true positives, 1 false positive, 1 false negative and 39 true negatives. Sensitivity and specificity?
0% and 98%
91.67% and 97.50%
97.50% and 91.67%
98% and 0%
35
An external locus of control is more likely to lead to a lifestyle chane
False
True
36
24 out of 48 patients in the control group had an event, versus 12 out of 48 in the experimental group. What is the ARR?
25%
75%
90%
50%
37
Which of the below is used for diabetic health checks?
Blood pressure, every three years
HbA1c, every month
A foot check, four times a year
None of the above
38
Which of the below is part of 21st century epidemiology and not classical epidemiology?
Injury and accident prevention
Communicable disease outbreak control and surveillance
Identifying and quantifying disease risk factors
Monitoring prevalence and incidence data
39
Which word defines "the probability of a truepositive result in someone that doeshave the disease."
NPV
Specificity
ROI
Sensitivity
40
Which public health indicator characteristic relates to the ability to provide useful information?
Validity
Utility
Definition
Feasibility
41
A PA develops a public health indicator that is not affordable. Which public health characteristic is it lacking?
Affordability
Acceptability
Reliability
Feasibility
42
CAGE, the preliminary self-assessment tool to consider substance abuse dependency, stands for:
Cut, Annoyed, Guilty, and Eye
Cut, Absolutely, Grape, and Ethanol
Cut, Axe, Grind, and Excise
Cognac, Absinthe, Gin, and Ethanol
43
In the context of sociology, how is agency defined?
Patterned relationships within society created by humans over time
Informal and formal rules that guide and influence behaviour
The process through which we learn and become of aware of norms and values
The way individuals respond to and interpret wider external factors
44
One statistical paradigm is Bayesian. The major counterpart, which contains what we're more familiar with, is...
Frequentist
Inferential
Trick question! We're more familiar with Bayesian
Descriptive
45
ROI considers timeframes by default
True
False
46
Which health determinant? "Customs and traditions,and the beliefs of the family andcommunity all affect health"
Social support networks
Personal behaviour
Social status
Culture
47
DALYs combines YLLs with YLDs.
False
True
48
Bayesian approaches often involve the calculation of a 95% confidence interval
False
True
49
Which of the below is NOT considered in population health?
Economics
None of the above
Sociology
Education
50
Ultimate mechanisms refers to mechanisms closest to a condition
True
False
51
What is the annual cost of alcohol-related harm to the NHS in England?
£3.5 billion
£4.1 billion
£3.5 million
£4.1 million
52
RR#1: 50 exposed of whom 35 developed the disease, versus 50 unexposed, of whom 3 developed the disease. What is the RR?
0.7
0.06
11.7
8.4
53
How is population health defined?
Health outcomes of a group and the geographical distribution of outcomes
Overall population health
Health outcomes of an individual and their historical distribution
Engaging communities in health action
54
Which of the below would NOT be classified as a social determinant of health?
Development agendas
Social norms
None of the above
Economic policies and systems
55
36 out of 74 patients in the control group had an event, versus 12 out of 74 in the experimental group. What is the CER?
16.22%
24.32%
51.35%
48.65%
56
2018-2020: male life expectancy at birth in the most deprived areas was 73.5 years, versus 83.2 in the least deprived
True
False
57
Which of the below is part of classical epidemiology?
Health service system evaluations
Evaluating surgical and medical treatments
Modelling disease risk and developmental outcome
Health needs assessments
58
How many conditions does the NSC list that could be screened?
1000+
204
13
107
59
23 out of 39 patients in the control group had an event, versus 1 out of 40 in the experimental group. What is the EER?
29.11%
2.50%
58.97%
97.5%
60
Which of the below is NOT used for health economic evaluation?
NPV
QALY
DALY
None - they all are!
61
Short-term rewards are less powerful drivers of behaviour than perceived longer-term benefits
True
False
62
People with the lowest healthy life expectancy are 4x more likely to have no qualifications versus those with highest
True
False
63
What percent of households in the UK were food-insecurebetween 2016 and 2018?
Between 6 and 8
Between 12 and 14
Between 8 and 10
Between 10 and 12
64
In the context of health economics and NPV, what is NICE's standard discount rate?
2.5%
1.5%
3.5%
4.5%
65
What is NOIDs?
Notification Of Infectious Diseases
Notification of Influenza Decreases
Notarisation of Infectious Diseases
Notarisation of Influenza Decreases
66
Which of the below would NOT be a negative contributor to health, in the context of social determinants to health?
Food security
Low income
Unemployment
Poor working life conditions
67
OR#1: 37 cases exposed, 12 cases unexposed. 10 controls exposed, 32 controls unexposed. What is the OR?
9.8
0.3
3.1
7.2
68
As a student, I am relieved this Quiz is over!
Yep
Yeah
Indeed,
Yeppers
69
Socialisation is defined as the process through which we learn and become of aware of norms, values, and beliefs
False
True
70
The difference between ARR and RRR changes with sample size
False
True