Chapter 1 TEST Review

Members of ETHNIC GROUPS are united by their common heritage, race, language, or common history

The EVOLUTIONARY perspective is rooted in the ideas of Sigmund Freud

GERIATRICS is the branch of medicine that focuses on the diseases and problems of the elderly

The SOCIAL SCIENCES, such as chemistry and physics, are concerned with the nature of the physical world

I lived in Ancient Greece and outlined the laws of associationism

School of psychology that is concerned with discovering the basic elements of conscious experience

I am the field of psychology that helps mainly people who have adjustment problems

The scientific study of behavior and mental processes

Contemporary perspective that stresses importance of human consciousness, self-awareness, and capacity to make choices

A research method in which psychologists collect data by asking questions of people in a particular group

Type of psychologists who are involved in preparing standardized tests

School of psychology that maintains that human behavior is determined by unconscious motives

Biological psychologists study mental processes to understand human nature

A statement that attempts to explain why things are the way they are and happen the way they do

Private mental processes, such as thoughts and memories

Contemporary perspective that emphasizes the influence of biology on behavior

Type of psychologists who focus on helping people with psychological disorders such as anxiety and depression

Any action that people can observe or measure

A DEVELOPMENTAL psychologist works within the criminal justice system

I founded psychoanalysis and the theory of psychodynamic thinking

Personality psychologists identify human characteristics, or traits

Perspective that studies the effects of factors such as ethnicity, gender, culture, and socioeconomic status on behavior

School of psychology that maintains that organisms behave in certain ways because they are reinforced for doing so

Psychologist who believed that experience is a fluid and continuous “stream of consciousness”

I am the field of psychology that deals with evaluating psychological problems, such as anxiety or depression

Type of psychologists who deal with people who have adjustment problems

Most psychologists are interested mainly in animal behavior

I disagreed with the structuralists and argued that experience is a constant “stream of consciousness”

School of psychology that focuses on how mental processes help organisms adapt to their environment

Individual who established the first psychology laboratory in Leipzig, Germany

I am the field of psychology that focuses on conducting Basic Research through experiments

I am the field of psychology that identifies and helps students who have problems that interfere with learning

Psychologist who conduct research into basic processes, such as the function of nervous system or sensation & perception

I said that psychology was a science and must be limited to observable, measurable events, & led me to found behaviorism

I am the field of psychology concerned with the changes that occur throughout a person’s life span

Type of psychologists who works within the criminal justice system

A psychologist is a medical doctor who specializes in the treatment of psychological problems and prescribes medicine

Psychologist who introduced the concept of reinforcement

I concluded that people learn to behave in certain ways b/c they’ve received positive reinforcement for their behavior

Research that has no immediate application and is done for its own sake is called “Basic Research”

The LEARNING perspective stresses the effects of ethnicity, culture, and gender on behavior and mental processes

Contemporary perspective that stresses the influence of unconscious forces on human behavior

Contemporary perspective of psychology that emphasizes the effects of experience on behavior

Psychologists of the humanistic perspective assume that mental processes are made possible by the nervous system

Ancient Greek who believed that people could learn much about themselves through introspection

COGNITIVE ACTIVITIES are mental processes, such as dreams, perceptions, thoughts, and memories