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Psychology chapter 1 review Flashcards | StudBud
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Psychology chapter 1 review
Psychology chapter 1 review
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Questions
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Answers
1
The technique that uses magnetic fields and radio waves to produce computer images of structures in the brain is called
CT Scan
MRI
EEG
a PET scan
2
To determine the effects of a drug, 1 group is given a pill with the drug. A 2nd group is given a sugar pill. The 2nd is
control group
experimental group
test group
random sampling
3
Which perspective describes the process of natural selection that preserves traits and helps the organism to adapt
psychodynamic perspective
behavior-genetics perspective
neuroscience perspective
evolutionary perspective
4
The rooting reflex occurs when a
newborn hears his or her mother’s voice
newborn’s foot is tickled
newborn’s cheek is touched
newborn makes eye contact with his or her caregiver
5
The philosopher who believed that the mind is blank at birth and that most knowledge comes through sensory experience is
Locke
Aristotle
Plato
Descartes
6
Which of the following research strategies would be best for determining whether alcohol impairs memory?
survey
case study
naturalistic observation
experiment
7
What is the mode of the following distribution of scores: 2, 2, 4, 4, 4, 14?
4
15
6
2
8
The philosophical views of John Locke are to those of René Descartes as _________ is to ___________.
nurture; nature
irrationality; rationality
nature; nurture
rationality; irrationality
9
What is the median of the following distribution of scores: 10, 7, 5, 11, 8, 6, 9?
8
6
7
9
10
In an experiment to determine the effects of attention on memory, memory is the
intervening variable
dependent variable
independent variable
control condition
11
If a student scored higher than 75 percent of the other students taking the same test, you know that the student
answered 75 percent of the questions accurately
ranked seventy-fifth from the top scoring student
scored 75 percent higher than the lowest student’s score
obtained a percentile rank of seventy-five on the test she took
12
The punter on a football team wants to determine how consistent his punting distances have been, he should compute
mode
mean
standard deviation
median
13
A double-blind procedure would be critical for which of the following?
Assessing the treatment designed to reduce schizophrenic symptoms.
Questionnaires describing relationships among family members.
Comparison of intelligence scores of children
Timing the rate of learning for a pigeon getting rewarded
14
The first psychology laboratory was established by ________ in the year ____________.
Freud; 1900
James; 1890
Wundt; 1879
Watson; 1913
15
A lopsided set of scores that includes a number of extreme or unusual values is said to be
normal
skewed
dispersed
symmetrical
16
A graphed cluster of dots depicting the values and relationship of two different variables is called a
bar graph
scatter-plot or scatter-gram
standard deviation distribution
histogram
17
Well-done surveys measure attitudes in a representative subset, or__________, of an entire group, or ___________.
random sample; population
population; random sampling
control group; experimental group
experimental group; control group
18
The brain research technique that involves monitoring the brain’s usage of glucose is called (in abbreviated form) a(n)
PET scan
MRI
EEG
CT scan
19
In any experiment, the cause is called the ________________, while the effect or result is called the _________________.
random sample; representative sample
stimulus; placebo
independent variable; dependent variable
control; outcome
20
When interviewing a sampling of people which of the following would I want to do if I wanted my sampling to be random?
a large sample in case some refuse to take or finish the survey
the same probability for each person of the larger population being chosen
proportional amounts of each social class
an equal number of male and female respondents
21
Which type of research strategy would allow you to determine whether students’ grades accurately predict later income?
naturalistic observation
experimentation
correlation
case study
22
This procedure ensures that the experimental & control groups do not differ any way except the independent variable is
variable control
representative sampling
stratification
random assignment
23
Which seventeenth-century philosopher believed that some ideas are innate?
Locke
Descartes
Plato
Aristotle
24
A procedure ensures the experimental and control groups do not differ any way that might affect the experiment’s result
random assignment
representative sampling
variable conditioning
stratification
25
“Thinking about thinking” appears to be unique to humans. This process is called
soul searching
metacognition
intelligence
parapsychology
26
What is the mean of the following distribution of scores: 2, 3, 7, 6, 1, 4, 9, 5, 8, 2?
5
3.7
4.7
4
27
One major factor that separates the experimental method from correlational studies is that the experimental method
seeks to discover cause-effect relationships
observes people in their natural settings or environments
studies few people in great depth
helps to efficiently discover people’s real feelings
28
In an experiment to determine the effects of exercise on motivation, exercise is the
dependent variable
control condition
intervening variable
independent variable
29
When a difference between two groups is “statistically significant,” this means that
the difference is not likely to be due to chance variation
the difference is statistically real but of little practical significance
all of the above are true
the difference is probably the result of sampling variation
30
The Greek philosopher who believed that intelligence was inherited was
Descartes
Simonides
Plato
Aristotle
