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2022 Biology Fall Final (TS) Flashcards | StudBud
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2022 Biology Fall Final (TS)
2022 Biology Fall Final (TS)
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Biology Fall Final
Flashcards
83 cards
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Practice quiz
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Host live
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Questions
83
Answers
1
The mother's genotype is _____________.
Homozygous recessive
Heterozygous
Homozygous dominant
None of the above
2
The cell theory applies to
none of the above
viruses
All living things
abiotic factors
3
For the following punnett square, what is the genotype ratio?
4 BbLl : 4 Bbll : 4 bbLl : 4 bbll
16 BbLl : 16 Bbll : 16 bbLl : 16 bbll
1 brown long : 2 brown short : 3 white long : 4 white short
4 brown long : 4 brown short : 4 white long : 4 white short
4
What is Binomial Nomenclature?
Groups of closely related species
A classification system using 2 names to identify a species
Animals that can mate/have offspring
5
Which correctly lists the sex for each pair of chromosomes?
XX: Female, XY: Male
XX: Male, XY: Female
6
A phenotype is........
when an allele masks the presence of another
different forms of a gene for any given trait
the physical expression of a gene combination
characteristics that can be passed from one living thing to its young
7
What adaptation does this animal have?
Big eyes
Big mouth
Big ears
Big nose
8
Explain why sharks and dolphins have similar characteristics even though they are not related.
The are part of the same genus
They live in similar environments
They share a common ancestor
They are all mammals
9
What is the first step in DNA replication?
Make copies of each strand
Create daughter cells
Separate the 2 DNA strands
Pair up free floating nucleotides
10
So, human cells at the end of MEIOSIS I have...
46 chromosomes
23 chromosomes
11
G=Purple, g=green. For this punnett square, what is the genotype ratio?
2 Gg : 2 gg
1 Gg : 1 gg
2 Green : 2 Purple
1 Green : 1 Purple
12
fish adaptation
Air
Eyes
Water
Gills
13
what is the cell cycle order
interphase, metaphase, anaphase, prophase, telophase
telophase, prophase, anaphase, metaphase, interphase
interphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase
anaphase, prophase, metaphase, telophase, interphase
14
What type of cells are produced by meiosis?
Somatic cells
Body cells
Gametes
Liver cells
15
Looking at this Punnett square, what is the probability that an offspring will be white and fine-haired?
2/16
8/16
12/16
4/16
16
The deeper an archaeologist digs, the ______ fossils are.
newer
more interesting
older
younger
17
If a bear offspring is heterozygous dominant for having black fur, what is the correct genotype
Bb
BBbb
bb
BB
18
An advantage of bacteria reproducing by binary fission is that
It creates genetic diversity
It makes the cells stronger
It is rapid
It protects against disease
19
What is the monomer of carbohydrates?
Monosaccharide
Amino acid
Fatty acid & glycerol
nucleotide
20
How Do You "Win" At Natural Selection?
reproduce
survive
survive and reproduce
go extinct
21
What is Protein Synthesis?
process in which cells make proteins
when you eat meat
where the sperm cell meets egg cell
22
Which of the following is a characteristic that all living things share?
All of these are characteristics of living things
Made of cells
Reproduce
Respond to stimuli
23
A type of asexual reproduction when the cell splits in to 2 new cells.
Meiosis
Conjugation
Spore formation
Binary Fission
24
What is the monomer of protein?
Fatty acid
Amino acid
Nucleotide
monosaccharide
25
Meiosis produces _____ daughter cells, each with _____ the number of chromosomes.
2, double
2, the same
4, half
4, the same
26
Escherichia coli
is the scientific name of bacteria. What level of classification is
Escherichia?
Species
Kingdom
Genus
Phylum
27
what is interphase?
Is the period during the cell cycle of a cells growth
When organs die
The process by which the cell divides
When two nuclei form
28
An organism is heterozygous for green hair (G). Which describes its phenotype and genotype?
Phenotype: GG, Genotype: Green
Phenotype: Green, Genotype: GG
Phenotype: Green, Genotype: Gg
Phenotype: Gg, Genotype: Green
29
The finches on each island had different shaped beaks, because
No one knows
They had different food sources
They do not share a common ancestor
They were selectively bred by local villagers
30
10. A viral infection is ______ with a vaccine and not treated with ______.
prevented; zicam
treated; antibiotics
prevented; antibiotics
treated; zicam
31
Where does transcription occur?
ribosomes
cell membrane
nucleus
cytoplasm
32
Protein synthesis has two steps: transcription and translation. Where does
transcription
occur.
chloroplast
nucleus
mitochondria
cytoplasm at the ribosome
33
What is an adaptation?
Specials features to stay alive
Where animals live
How animals get along
What animals eat
34
Your genotype contains your two alleles?
True
False
35
the only living cells that are prokaryotic, were the first group of organisms on earth.
Dinosaurs
Bacteria
Viruses
Fungi
36
The father's genotype is _____________.
Homozygous recessive
Heterozygous
None of the above
Homozygous dominant
37
What are the 2 steps of protein synthesis
Transcription and translation
Tandy
Transform and transcribe
Transcription and to night
38
HH is a genotype
True
False
39
What is the purpose of meiosis?
create cancer cells
create gametes (sperm and egg cells)
create chromosomes
create cell division
40
A horse has 60 chromosomes in its body cells. How many chromosomes does it have in its gametes?
60
30
15
45
41
Step 2. ________: what you THINK is the answer to the question
Hypothesis
Data
Control
Variable
42
Humans and dolphins are both members of class mammalia. Which taxons must they have in common?
Kingdom, Order, Family
Domain, Kingdom, Phylum
Kingdom, Order, Genus
Domain, Kingdom, Family
43
1. Sexual reproduction requires ___ parent(s), which ______ variation or diversity.
1; increases
2: decreases
1; decreases
2; increases
44
Darwin's finches on each island have many similarities. Why?
Predators killed the different ones
The lived in similar habitats
Early settlers only bred the prettiest ones
They share a common ancestor
45
what is a gamete?
somatic cells
none
sex cell
a video game maker
46
Does natural selection change individuals or populations?
individuals
populations
47
Which of the following is an example of a abiotic factor?
soil
wind
rock
all of these
48
What is a hypothesis?
trials
answer to a problem
prediction
conclusions
49
Heterozygous
Having two different alleles for a trait
Having at least one recessive allele for a trait
Having two identical alleles for a trait
Having at least one dominant allele for a trait
50
Homeostasis is..
life
having babies
maintaining a stable internal environment
death
51
G=Purple, g=green. For this punnett square, what is the probability offspring have green hair?
25%
50%
0%
100%
52
When comparing DNA, we look at the sequence of
Hydrogen bonds
sugar phosphates
nitrogen bases
nucleic acids
53
What is a sex-linked gene?
a gene present only on x chromosomes.
a gene present only on y chromosomes.
a gene present on any chromosome
54
Mitochondria and chloroplast both have _________
Nucleus
roots
viruses
DNA
55
Which is the most accurate representation of protein synthesis?
DNA -> Protein-> RNA
RNA -> DNA -> Protein
Protein -> RNA -> DNA
DNA -> RNA -> Protein
56
Following DNA replication, the cell enters...
G2
G1
M
S
57
Punnett squares show probability. Each square represents what?
The most unlikely patterns of inheritance
A trait that 100% of the offspring will inherit
A trait that any of the offspring could inherit
Exactly how many offspring will have the trait
58
The elements found in Protein are...
CHONIP
CHON
CHONP
CHO
59
A mom has the genotype TtRr. What possible gametes can she give to her offspring?
T, t, R, r
TR, tr
TR, Tr, tR, tr
TT, tt, RR, Tr
60
What is the function of proteins?
Genetic Info
Stored energy
Growth & repair
Quick energy
61
A genotype is
a pair of Levis jeans
A set of alleles
An organism's genetic makeup.
62
· _____ Variable: (what you change or manipulate)
Control
Independent
Hypothesis
Dependent
63
a Hypothesis is only useful if
it can be proven incorrect
it can be tested
you already know the answer
it is proven correct
64
Genotype is represented by what?
Only lower case letters
Only upper case letters
Numbers and Letters
Upper and lower case letters
65
Natural Selection Refers To:
Survival of the species
Survival of non-native species
Survival of the weakest
Survival of the fittest
66
What occurs in S phase ?
DNA is replicated
cell growth
when chromosomes become visible and the nuclear envelope disappears
cell dicision
67
What does a eukaryotic cell have that a prokaryotic cell does not have?
DNA
Nucleus
All of these
Cell Membrane
68
The site of protein synthesis in a cell...
chloroplast
ribosome
nucleus
mitochondria
69
Define homozygous
2 Different alleles for a trait
2 Identical alleles for a trait
Gene that is ALWAYS expressed when present
Different form of a gene
70
A lytic infection ends with
production of prophage
bursting of the host cell
pathogens
release of new viruses
71
Which of the following is a reason why a virus is not considered a living thing?
viruses can't reproduce without a host
all of these
viruses don't have cells
viruses don't metabolize energy
72
A cross between BB X Bb where brown is dominant to blue, what is true?
about 1/2 will be blue
all are expected to be brown
all expected to be blue
About 1/2 will be brown
73
DNA and RNA are both examples of
Lipids
Carbohydrates
Proteins
Nucleic acids
74
Which biomolecule gets used first in our bodies?
lipid
nucleic acid
protein
carbohydrate
75
For the following punnett square, what is the genotype ratio?
2 round : 2 wrinkled
4 round
1 RR : 2 Rr : 1 rr
2 RR : 2 Rr
76
What is the genotype of the parents shown on the pedigree if they both express the dominant trait. (but are carriers)
aa
Aa
XiXi
AA
77
Trisomy is an extra chromosome?
False
True
78
Which types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis?
rRNA only
tRNA only
mRNA only
mRNA, tRNA, and rRNA
79
What two levels of classification do we use in scientific naming?
Genus and Species
Family and Genus
Order and Family
Kingdom and Phylum
80
We get goose bumps because our bodies are trying to keep
metabolism
in tune
Homeostasis
evolution
81
The Universal Genetic Code is called
Nuclei
RNA
Atoms
DNA
82
organisms that belong to the same group or species & live in the same area
Species
Ecosystem
Trophic level
Population
83
What genotype is represented by a lower case letter?
dominant
homozygous
recessive
heterozygous
