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Ch 25 Beyond Our Solar System Review Flashcards | StudBud
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Ch 25 Beyond Our Solar System Review
Ch 25 Beyond Our Solar System Review
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#stars #HRdiagram #stellarevolution #galaxies #bigbangtheory
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1
remnant of a low-mass or medium-mass star
black hole
planetary nebula
white dwarf
neutron star
2
All stars, regardless of size, eventually
turn into black holes
explode
run out of fuel and collapse
fizzle out
3
About ________ percent of stars are main-sequence stars.
20
90
10
80
4
According to the big bang theory, the entire universe began as a
dense, hot, supermassive ball
supernova explosion
scattered band of space dust
cool, dark expansive nebula.
5
The red shifts of distant galaxies show that the universe is __________.
expanding
big
small
an illusion
6
According to Figure 25-1, the sun (letter C) has an absolute magnitude of ____.
100
-5
5
10
7
Disk of the Milky Way is ~10
5
light-years wide & ~10
4
light-years thick at the nucleus.
False
True
8
In the Milky Way, the most abundant gas emission nebulae is ___.
helium
argon
hydrogen
nitrogen
9
Which letter points to
white dwarfs (small faint stars)
?
D
E
B
C
10
galaxy type that is composed mostly of young stars
spiral
elliptical
open
irregular
11
A(n) ______ of thin gas and clusters of stars surrounds the disk of the Milky Way Galaxy.
halo
arms
nucleus
bulge
12
The Milky Way is a _________ galaxy.
irregular
cluster
spiral
elliptical
13
Light cannot escape the intense gravitational pull of a
planet
neutron star
black hole
solar system
14
This forms a red giant, which then collapses into a
white
dwarf and forms a planetary nebula
low-mass star
black whole
massive star
medium-mass star
15
Scientists know the universe is expanding because of the
red shift of distant galaxies.
blue shift of the brightest galaxies.
red shift of the brightest galaxies
blue shift of distant galaxies.
16
galaxy type that ranges in shape from round to oval; most are small
spiral
open
irregular
elliptical
17
Which of the following is true about parallax?
Parallax is used to find the distance to stars
all is true
distant stars have too small an angle to measure
Parallax uses trigonometry functions to locate distances
18
What is a White Dwarf?
What astronomers call bird poop.
A planet that became a star
A star after it supernovas
Another name for Blue Dwarf
19
A star is thought to be born when
a red giant collapses on itself and becomes a black hole.
a protostar reaches a temp.high enough for fusion to begin
increase heat in s.giant causes gravity to be greater than P
pressure in a protostar is so great that a supernova occurs
20
Which stars are
hotter
, red, white, or blue?
Blue
White
They are the same temperature
Red
21
Star A is farther away than star B. with same absolute magnitude. Which is true?
Both stars will have the same apparent magnitude
Star B will have a greater apparent magnitude
Star A will have a greater apparent magnitude
The app.magnitude of either will not depend on its position.
22
This blows up in a supernova explosion
massive star
low-mass star
brown dwarf
medium-mass star
23
The measure of the brightness of a star is called the star's
Magnitude
Light Square
Luminosity
Brightness
24
The color of a star is related to its
size
surface temperature
distance from the earth
distance from the sun
25
galaxy type that is usually disk-shaped with many variations
elliptical
open
spiral
irregular
26
The ___ theory states that the universe began when a dense, hot, supermassive ball exploded.
Einstein
Nuclear Fusion
Hubble
Big Bang
27
Which color of the stars have the highest surface temperature?
Blue
Yellow
Red
White
28
Which is NOT a factor that affects the apparent brightness of a star as seen from Earth?
how old the star is
how big the star is
how far away the star is
how hot the star is
29
Which of the following is supportive evidence of the big bang theory?
cosmic background radiation
pulsars
the different shapes of galaxies
galactic clusters
30
Which letter points to
hot, large, blue stars
?
B
D
A
C
31
Stellar distances are usually expressed in what units?
light-years
kilometers
none of the answers listed
miles
32
A Hertzsprung-Russell (H-R) diagram shows the relationship between ____.
apparent magnitude and parallax
temperature and absolute magnitude
parallax and temperature
absolute magnitude and apparent magnitude
33
Before a star is born, the matter that will become the star exists as a
black hole
cool, dark nebula
bright explosive supernova
red giant
34
What causes a supernova?
When a star's lifespan ends
Having too much matter in a star
A random occurance
When planets crash into the sun
35
Which letter points to
red giants (bright cool stars)
?
A
B
D
C
36
Another name for the interstellar matter that will eventually form a star
nebula
black
hole
nubela
37
The mass of a star can be determined by studying ____.
binary star systems
the wavelength of light emitted by the star
the color of the star
the distance between the star and Earth
38
Stars of which color have the coolest surface temperature?
red
blue
orange
yellow
39
The larger galaxy in the photo probably contains mostly young stars.
False
True
40
Whats a neutron star?
A white star that has a orbiting system
Its a stage of a collapsed star when dieing
A celestial body with a small radius
Its a type of star that emits beams of electro mangetic radiaton
41
About 90 percent of stars on the H-R ( Hertzsprung-Russel) diagram are __________.
black holes.
white dwarfs.
main-sequence stars
supergiants.
42
small dense object formed from the remnants of a star at least 3 times as massive as the sun
white dwarf
neutron star
black hole
planetary nebula
43
How far is a light year?
5 billion km
9 trillion km
50 million km
10 thousand km
44
An average star spends 90 percent of its life as a helium-burning main-sequence star.
True
False
45
Which letter points to
the sun
?
C
D
B
E
46
A star is said to be born when ___.
a dark, cool interstellar cloud begins to contract
pressure within a protostar initiates a super nova
a red giant collapses on itself and becomes a black hole
a protostar reaches a temp high enough for nuclear fusion
47
remnant of a supernova event; similar to a large atomic nucleus
black hole
neutron star
planetary nebula
white dwarf
48
All stars eventually run out of fuel and collapse due to gravity.
True
False
49
Massive stars terminate in a brilliant explosion called a
big bang
super nova
neutron star
black hole
50
A supernova is:
the death of a planet
the explosion of a star
when two planets collide
the ring around Saturn
51
If star A is farther away than star B, but both have the same absolute magnitude, what is true?
Star B has a greater apparent magnitude
Both stars have the same apparent magnitude.
Apparent magnitude is not related to distance
Star A has a greater apparent magnitude.
52
A Hertzsprung-Russell diagram shows:
absolute magnitude and temperature of stars
location of stars in the sky
absolute magnitude and mass of stars
apparent magnitude and temperature of stars
53
What is a neutron star?
A tiny dim star
A tightly packed super dim star
A tightly packed bright star
A huge dim star
54
Into which of the following life cycle stages will the sun enter next?
black dwarf stage
red giant stage
white dwarf stage
planetary nebula stage
55
Which letter points to
cool, small, red stars
?
B
D
E
C
56
The Milky Way is a _________ galaxy.
elliptical
spiral
irregular
cluster
57
All distant galaxies are moving away from us because our galaxy is the center of the universe.
False
True
58
About 60 percent of all known galaxies are classified as
irregular galaxies.
spiral galaxies
galactic clusters
elliptical galaxies
59
The larger galaxy in the photograph is a(n) ____________ galaxy.
spiral
irregular
pretty
elliptical
60
All stars, regardless of size, eventually _____.
turn into black dwarfs
explode
run out of fuel and collapse
become black holes
61
Section of the H-R diagram into which about 90 percent of stars fall
White Dwarfs
Blue Giants
Main Sequence
Red Supergiants
62
According to information received from radio telescopes, where is our sun positioned?
at the exact center of the galactic nucleus
just outside the galactic nucleus
at the tip of one of the spirals
within one of the spirals
63
In the cores of extremely hot red giants, nuclear reactions convert helium to...
carbon
lead
hydrogen
argon
64
A(n) _______ is a developing star not yet hot enough to engage in nuclear fusion.
nebula
protoplanet
protostar
planetesimal
65
Which force is most responsible for the formation of a star?
electromagnetism
gravity
nuclear fission
nuclear fusion
66
A(n) _________ is a neutron star that rotates and generates radio waves.
black whole
quasar
nova
pulsar
67
A(n) __________ is a large group of stars, dust, and gases held together by gravity.
open cluster
globular cluster
nebula
galaxy
68
Star A has a temperature of 6,750 K. Based on the table below, what color should the star be?
Orange
Blue
Yellowish-White
Red
69
Galaxies are not distributed randomly but are grouped in ________.
clusters
spirals
quasars
arms
70
Which of the following is evidence of the Big Bang Theory?
galactic clusters
supernova explosions
red shift of galaxies
cosmic background radiation
71
What percent of the stars have Main Sequence?
More than 65% of stars
70 %
More than 90% of stars
IDK
72
The difference in the brightest of 2 stars with the same surface temperature is attributable to
their ages
their densities
their colors
their sizes
73
The surface temperature of a star an be estimated based on the star's
mass
size
age
color
74
The Milky Way is a _______ galaxy.
Irregular
Cartwheel
Spiral
Elliptical
75
A Hertzsprung-Russell diagram is used to show the relationship between
absolute magnitude and apparent magnitude.
parallax and temperature.
apparent magnitude and parallax.
temperature and absolute magnitude.
76
Which main sequence stars are the least massive?
red
yellow
blue
orange
77
The Doppler effect can tell us whether a galaxy is moving toward or away from us.
False
True
78
The term nebula refers to.....
the size of stars
a stage in a star life cycle
the temperature of stars
the location of stars
79
Approximately how long is a light-year
95 Trillion kilometers
95 Billion kilometers
9.5 Trillion kilometers
9.5 Billion kilometers
80
At its nucleus, the Milky Way galaxy is about 100,000 lightyears wide and about
10,000 light-years thick
1,000 light-years thick
100,000 light-years thick
1,000,000 light-years thick.
81
does not form a red giant; collapses directly into a white dwarf
massive star
low-mass star
brown dwarf
medium-mass star
82
Most galaxies have Doppler shifts toward the __________ end of the spectrum.
red
blue
