The total of all chemical reactions in an organism

What is an Exergonic Reaction?

A chemical reaction that releases energy

which of the following is not a similarity for nuclei, mitochondria, and chloroplast?

are derived from the endoplasmic reticulum system

What is the function of junction proteins?

form channels between adjacent cells

When you water a plant, you are giving it a(an)______ solution. What does this do to the plant?

hypotonic; It remains standing upright.

What would happen if a health-care worker gave a patient a hypotonic intravenous solution?

The patient’s cells swell, and possibly burst.

What is a reason that penicillin, an enzyme inhibitor, isn't used to treat infections like HIV?

Penicillin is specific for one bacterial enzyme.

What is the common property of competitive and noncompetitive enzyme inhibitors?

They make it impossible for the substrate to bind to the A.S

Which of the following is true before a small nonpolar substance can diffuse across a membrane?

The membrane must be permeable to the substance.

What does a competitive inhibitor do?

Blocks substrate molecules from the active site to slow prod

What determines the direction of diffusion of a small, nonpolar molecule across a membrane?(O2)

the oxygen concentration gradient

The amount of work a system can perform

Speed up the rate of a reaction without being consumed by it

What is a metabolic pathway?

Metabolic steps taken to reach a certain product

Selective permeability of the cell membrane results in which of the following?

Only certain substances can enter or leave the cell.

What is an example of potential energy?

A book sitting on a table, Water behind a damn

What is Potential Energy?

Energy that matter possesses based on location or structure.

studbud

Duplicate of Campbell Biology Chapters 5-8

68 termsStudBud Administration34 plays

Duplicate of Chapter 8 Campbell Biology : #biology Duplicate of Chapter 7 Honors Biology: A quiz to review Chapter 7 in "Campbell Biology" Duplicate of AP bio chapter 6 : AP Biology Chapter 6 Cells from Campbell Biology Duplicate of AP Biology - Campbell Chapter 5: Campbell

Flashcards68 cardsFPractice quizPHost liveL

Questions 68

Answers

1
Why would a change in pH cause a protein to denature?
it disrupts H-bonding
it adds more disulfide bridges
it adds more alpha helixes
it changes the primary structure
2
What is metabolism?
The total of all chemical reactions in an organism
All of the above
The total of all biosynthetic reactions in an organism
The total of all anabolic reactions in an organism
3
What is an Exergonic Reaction?
A chemical reaction that releases energy
A chemical reaction that causes the cell to swell and burst
The absorbance of water through the cell membrane
Does it even matter?
4
What is, "The tendency for particles of any kind to spread out evenly in an available space?"
Cellular Respiration
Selective Permeability
Osmosis
Diffusion
5
What is the term for a cell that takes in large particles through the plasma membrane?
Cellular Respiration
Diffusion
Endocytosis
Glycoproteins
6
which of the following is not a similarity for nuclei, mitochondria, and chloroplast?
all have DNA
their membranes are associated with specific proteins
can divide on their own
are derived from the endoplasmic reticulum system
7
Which describes energetically FAVORABLE?
ΔG
+ ΔG
- ΔG
G
8
A car rolling down hill is an example of an
Endergonic reaction
Exergonic process
9
large membrane bound organelles that contain hydrolytic enzymes (mostly found in animal cells)
golgi
mitochondria
ER
lysosmes
10
What is the function of junction proteins?
relay messages across the membrane
transport substances across the membrane
form channels between adjacent cells
support the membrane
11
a triglyceride is an example of
carbohydrate
lipid
nucleic acid
protein
12
name this type of molecule
fatty acid
glycerol
sugar
amino acid
13
Catabolic Pathway
bioenergetics
degradative pathway
Total of metabolic pathways
biosynthetic pathway
14
Which is a membrane component of a fungus?
chitin
cellulose
starch
cholesterol
15
name this molecule
monosaccharide
amino acid
glycerol
purine
16
When you water a plant, you are giving it a(an)______ solution. What does this do to the plant?
isotonic; It remains standing upright.
hypotonic; It remains standing upright.
hypertonic; The plant plasmolyzes.
hypotonic; The plant wilts.
17
cytosine always bonds with
guanine
adenine
uracil
thymine
18
proteins with more than one polypeptide chain have a
secondary structure
primary structure
tertiary structure
quaternary structure
19
What would happen if a health-care worker gave a patient a hypotonic intravenous solution?
The patient’s cells would first shrivel, and then burst.
The patient’s cells swell, and possibly burst.
The patient’s cells would shrink.
The patient’s cells would not change.
20
Name this type of molecule
cholesterol
amino acids
purines
pyrimidines
21
What is an example of kinetic energy?
Energy available in a chemical reaction
A ball rolling down a hill
A book sitting on a table
Water behind a damn
22
What is a reason that penicillin, an enzyme inhibitor, isn't used to treat infections like HIV?
Penicillin and other antibiotics enhance viral function.
Penicillin is specific for one bacterial enzyme.
Many people are allergic to penicillin.
Penicillin makes it impossible for enzymes to function.
23
What is the common property of competitive and noncompetitive enzyme inhibitors?
They prevent the enzyme from doing its job.
They speed up metabolic reactions.
They make it impossible for the substrate to bind to the A.S
They bind to the enzyme’s active site.
24
an enzyme is a type of
carbohydrate
lipid
protein
nucleic acid
25
The match between an enzyme and its substrate is called __________.
Induced fit
Inducted fit
Active Site
A pairing site
26
which structure could you observe with a light microscope
nucleus
peroxisome
golgi
ribosome
27
Which molecule provides the most energy?
fats
proteins
carbohydrates
nucleic acids
28
Which of the following is true before a small nonpolar substance can diffuse across a membrane?
The membrane must be permeable to the substance.
There must be equal levels of the substance on both sides
The membrane must be permeable to water.
The membrane must contain the appropriate transport proteins
29
Which is a function performed by proteins
signals and receptors
2 choices are correct
primary component of the cell membrane
transfers oxygen in blood
30
What does a competitive inhibitor do?
Lets the enzyme function at a way higher rate than normal
Destroys malfunctioning enzymes
Blocks substrate molecules from the active site to slow prod
I don't like biology
31
the pores in the nuclear envelope allow for the movement of
ribosomal sub units out of the nucleus
mRNA out of the nucleus
protein into the nucleus
all of the above
32
single membrane structures involved in metabolic functions and produce hydrogen peroxide
peroxisomes
mitocondria
lysosomes
ER
33
What determines the direction of diffusion of a small, nonpolar molecule across a membrane?(O2)
the amount of energy available to transport oxygen
the amount of energy available to transport oxygen
the oxygen concentration gradient
the availability of a transport protein
34
cellulose and chitin are
nucleic acids
lipids
carbohydrates
proteins
35
What type of bond connects nucleotide monomers?
covalent
ionic
Van de Waals
hydrogen
36
RNA is part of a
protein
carbohydrate
nucleic acid
lipid
37
What type of solution keeps the volume of a cell at a constant?
Isotonic
Radioactive
Hypertonic
Hypotonic
38
What is free energy?
A Law of thermodynamics
The total energy in a system
The amount of work a system can perform
The amount of energy needed to perform
39
organelle with a cis and trans face, which acts in the cell's packaging and secreting
ER
golgi
mitochondria
lysosome
40
What do enzymes do?
Speed up the rate of a reaction without being consumed by it
Eat food in your body
Help your brain function
Break down the cells in your body
41
What is a metabolic pathway?
All of the above
Potential energy available in an organism
Total chemical reactions in an organism
Metabolic steps taken to reach a certain product
42
Selective permeability of the cell membrane results in which of the following?
Only substances that use transport proteins may cross.
Beneficial substances are allowed into the cell.
Harmful substances are kept out of the cell.
Only certain substances can enter or leave the cell.
43
prokaryotic and eukaryotic share all of the following except
ribosomes
DNA
plasma membrane
nucleoid region
44
What is an example of potential energy?
All of the above
A car driving on the freeway
A book sitting on a table
Water behind a damn
45
which of the following is/are not found in prokaryotic cells?
mitochondria
Flax Seed
a & b
ribosomes
46
Anabolic Pathway
total of all pathways
degradative pathway
bioenergetics
biosynthetic pathway
47
Which molecule is hydrophobic?
proteins
nucleic acids
carbohydrates
lipids
48
What is Potential Energy?
Energy that matter possesses based on aquaporins
Energy that matter possesses based on movement
Energy that matter possesses based on its chemical makeup
Energy that matter possesses based on location or structure.
49
cholesterol is a
lipid
nucleic acid
protein
carbohydrate
50
The first law of thermodynamics states that energy is:
destroyed
created
a theory
constant
51
Pushing a car UP a hill is an example of an
exergonic reaction
endergonic reaction
52
collagen is a type of
lipid
protein
carbohydrate
nucleic acid
53
Which of the following does active transport allow a cell to do, that diffusion does not allow?
Pump substances against their concentration gradient
keep the same internal and external amounts of substances
maintain higher amounts of most substances inside cells
move small nonpolar molecules into or out of the cell
54
organelle characterized by extensive, folded membranes and often is associated with ribosomes
lysosome
mitochicondria
ER
golgi
55
What is entropy the measure of?
Disorder
Time
Equilibrium
Space
56
hemoglobin is an example of a
lipid
nucleic acid
protein
carbohydrate
57
Which describes energetically UNFAVORABLE?
G
- ΔG
ΔG
+ ΔG
58
glycogen is a
carbohydrate
lipid
protein
nucleic acid
59
which of the following molecules is a typical component of an animal cell membrane
vitamin K
glucose
carbohydrates
starch
60
We store most of our energy as
lipids
sucrose
starch
glycogen
61
which of the following is incorrectly paired?
nucleolus-produces ribosomal RNA,assembles ribosome subunits
lysosome- food sac formed by phagocytosis
peroxisome- contains enzymes to break down H2O2
golgi- processes tags and ships cellular products
62
The alpha helix in protein is part of the
tertiary structure
secondary structure
quaternary structure
primary structure
63
What will happen to a human cell that is placed in a Hypertonic solution?
It will reproduce
It will Blow up
It will stay the same
It will shrivel up
64
What is the equation for Free Energy ΔG?
G final - G initial
G final + G initial
all of the above
G initial - G final
65
The 3 parts of a nucleotide are
5-C sugar, nitrogenous base and phosphate group
6-c sugar, nitrogenous base, and phosphate group
glycerol, nitrogenous base and a 5-C sugar
glycerol, nitrogenous base, 6-C sugar
66
site of cellular respiration
Mitochondria
golgi
peroxisomes
ER
67
Receptor-mediated endocytosis relies on which of the following?
coated pits
insulin
the Golgi apparatus
vacuoles
68
What happens to people with defective aquaporins?
They reabsorb too much water, and they urinate very often.
They cannot reabsorb water, and they urinate very often.
They cannot reabsorb water, and they urinate rarely.
They reabsorb too much water, and they urinate rarely

Duplicate of Campbell Biology Chapters 5-8 Flashcards | StudBud

Duplicate of Campbell Biology Chapters 5-8

68 termsStudBud Administration34 plays

Flashcards68 cardsFPractice quizPHost liveL

Questions 68

Answers

1
Why would a change in pH cause a protein to denature?
it disrupts H-bonding
it adds more disulfide bridges
it adds more alpha helixes
it changes the primary structure
2
What is metabolism?
The total of all chemical reactions in an organism
All of the above
The total of all biosynthetic reactions in an organism
The total of all anabolic reactions in an organism
3
What is an Exergonic Reaction?
A chemical reaction that releases energy
A chemical reaction that causes the cell to swell and burst
The absorbance of water through the cell membrane
Does it even matter?
4
What is, "The tendency for particles of any kind to spread out evenly in an available space?"
Cellular Respiration
Selective Permeability
Osmosis
Diffusion
5
What is the term for a cell that takes in large particles through the plasma membrane?
Cellular Respiration
Diffusion
Endocytosis
Glycoproteins
6
which of the following is not a similarity for nuclei, mitochondria, and chloroplast?
all have DNA
their membranes are associated with specific proteins
can divide on their own
are derived from the endoplasmic reticulum system
7
Which describes energetically FAVORABLE?
ΔG
+ ΔG
- ΔG
G
8
A car rolling down hill is an example of an
Endergonic reaction
Exergonic process
9
large membrane bound organelles that contain hydrolytic enzymes (mostly found in animal cells)
golgi
mitochondria
ER
lysosmes
10
What is the function of junction proteins?
relay messages across the membrane
transport substances across the membrane
form channels between adjacent cells
support the membrane
11
a triglyceride is an example of
carbohydrate
lipid
nucleic acid
protein
12
name this type of molecule
fatty acid
glycerol
sugar
amino acid
13
Catabolic Pathway
bioenergetics
degradative pathway
Total of metabolic pathways
biosynthetic pathway
14
Which is a membrane component of a fungus?
chitin
cellulose
starch
cholesterol
15
name this molecule
monosaccharide
amino acid
glycerol
purine
16
When you water a plant, you are giving it a(an)______ solution. What does this do to the plant?
isotonic; It remains standing upright.
hypotonic; It remains standing upright.
hypertonic; The plant plasmolyzes.
hypotonic; The plant wilts.
17
cytosine always bonds with
guanine
adenine
uracil
thymine
18
proteins with more than one polypeptide chain have a
secondary structure
primary structure
tertiary structure
quaternary structure
19
What would happen if a health-care worker gave a patient a hypotonic intravenous solution?
The patient’s cells would first shrivel, and then burst.
The patient’s cells swell, and possibly burst.
The patient’s cells would shrink.
The patient’s cells would not change.
20
Name this type of molecule
cholesterol
amino acids
purines
pyrimidines
21
What is an example of kinetic energy?
Energy available in a chemical reaction
A ball rolling down a hill
A book sitting on a table
Water behind a damn
22
What is a reason that penicillin, an enzyme inhibitor, isn't used to treat infections like HIV?
Penicillin and other antibiotics enhance viral function.
Penicillin is specific for one bacterial enzyme.
Many people are allergic to penicillin.
Penicillin makes it impossible for enzymes to function.
23
What is the common property of competitive and noncompetitive enzyme inhibitors?
They prevent the enzyme from doing its job.
They speed up metabolic reactions.
They make it impossible for the substrate to bind to the A.S
They bind to the enzyme’s active site.
24
an enzyme is a type of
carbohydrate
lipid
protein
nucleic acid
25
The match between an enzyme and its substrate is called __________.
Induced fit
Inducted fit
Active Site
A pairing site
26
which structure could you observe with a light microscope
nucleus
peroxisome
golgi
ribosome
27
Which molecule provides the most energy?
fats
proteins
carbohydrates
nucleic acids
28
Which of the following is true before a small nonpolar substance can diffuse across a membrane?
The membrane must be permeable to the substance.
There must be equal levels of the substance on both sides
The membrane must be permeable to water.
The membrane must contain the appropriate transport proteins
29
Which is a function performed by proteins
signals and receptors
2 choices are correct
primary component of the cell membrane
transfers oxygen in blood
30
What does a competitive inhibitor do?
Lets the enzyme function at a way higher rate than normal
Destroys malfunctioning enzymes
Blocks substrate molecules from the active site to slow prod
I don't like biology
31
the pores in the nuclear envelope allow for the movement of
ribosomal sub units out of the nucleus
mRNA out of the nucleus
protein into the nucleus
all of the above
32
single membrane structures involved in metabolic functions and produce hydrogen peroxide
peroxisomes
mitocondria
lysosomes
ER
33
What determines the direction of diffusion of a small, nonpolar molecule across a membrane?(O2)
the amount of energy available to transport oxygen
the amount of energy available to transport oxygen
the oxygen concentration gradient
the availability of a transport protein
34
cellulose and chitin are
nucleic acids
lipids
carbohydrates
proteins
35
What type of bond connects nucleotide monomers?
covalent
ionic
Van de Waals
hydrogen
36
RNA is part of a
protein
carbohydrate
nucleic acid
lipid
37
What type of solution keeps the volume of a cell at a constant?
Isotonic
Radioactive
Hypertonic
Hypotonic
38
What is free energy?
A Law of thermodynamics
The total energy in a system
The amount of work a system can perform
The amount of energy needed to perform
39
organelle with a cis and trans face, which acts in the cell's packaging and secreting
ER
golgi
mitochondria
lysosome
40
What do enzymes do?
Speed up the rate of a reaction without being consumed by it
Eat food in your body
Help your brain function
Break down the cells in your body
41
What is a metabolic pathway?
All of the above
Potential energy available in an organism
Total chemical reactions in an organism
Metabolic steps taken to reach a certain product
42
Selective permeability of the cell membrane results in which of the following?
Only substances that use transport proteins may cross.
Beneficial substances are allowed into the cell.
Harmful substances are kept out of the cell.
Only certain substances can enter or leave the cell.
43
prokaryotic and eukaryotic share all of the following except
ribosomes
DNA
plasma membrane
nucleoid region
44
What is an example of potential energy?
All of the above
A car driving on the freeway
A book sitting on a table
Water behind a damn
45
which of the following is/are not found in prokaryotic cells?
mitochondria
Flax Seed
a & b
ribosomes
46
Anabolic Pathway
total of all pathways
degradative pathway
bioenergetics
biosynthetic pathway
47
Which molecule is hydrophobic?
proteins
nucleic acids
carbohydrates
lipids
48
What is Potential Energy?
Energy that matter possesses based on aquaporins
Energy that matter possesses based on movement
Energy that matter possesses based on its chemical makeup
Energy that matter possesses based on location or structure.
49
cholesterol is a
lipid
nucleic acid
protein
carbohydrate
50
The first law of thermodynamics states that energy is:
destroyed
created
a theory
constant
51
Pushing a car UP a hill is an example of an
exergonic reaction
endergonic reaction
52
collagen is a type of
lipid
protein
carbohydrate
nucleic acid
53
Which of the following does active transport allow a cell to do, that diffusion does not allow?
Pump substances against their concentration gradient
keep the same internal and external amounts of substances
maintain higher amounts of most substances inside cells
move small nonpolar molecules into or out of the cell
54
organelle characterized by extensive, folded membranes and often is associated with ribosomes
lysosome
mitochicondria
ER
golgi
55
What is entropy the measure of?
Disorder
Time
Equilibrium
Space
56
hemoglobin is an example of a
lipid
nucleic acid
protein
carbohydrate
57
Which describes energetically UNFAVORABLE?
G
- ΔG
ΔG
+ ΔG
58
glycogen is a
carbohydrate
lipid
protein
nucleic acid
59
which of the following molecules is a typical component of an animal cell membrane
vitamin K
glucose
carbohydrates
starch
60
We store most of our energy as
lipids
sucrose
starch
glycogen
61
which of the following is incorrectly paired?
nucleolus-produces ribosomal RNA,assembles ribosome subunits
lysosome- food sac formed by phagocytosis
peroxisome- contains enzymes to break down H2O2
golgi- processes tags and ships cellular products
62
The alpha helix in protein is part of the
tertiary structure
secondary structure
quaternary structure
primary structure
63
What will happen to a human cell that is placed in a Hypertonic solution?
It will reproduce
It will Blow up
It will stay the same
It will shrivel up
64
What is the equation for Free Energy ΔG?
G final - G initial
G final + G initial
all of the above
G initial - G final
65
The 3 parts of a nucleotide are
5-C sugar, nitrogenous base and phosphate group
6-c sugar, nitrogenous base, and phosphate group
glycerol, nitrogenous base and a 5-C sugar
glycerol, nitrogenous base, 6-C sugar
66
site of cellular respiration
Mitochondria
golgi
peroxisomes
ER
67
Receptor-mediated endocytosis relies on which of the following?
coated pits
insulin
the Golgi apparatus
vacuoles
68
What happens to people with defective aquaporins?
They reabsorb too much water, and they urinate very often.
They cannot reabsorb water, and they urinate very often.
They cannot reabsorb water, and they urinate rarely.
They reabsorb too much water, and they urinate rarely