Venus thick cloud cover increases the temperature because the clouds

prevent the escape of heat into space

Astronomers discovered difference in stars through observations Theory to explain is

stars are at different points in their life cycles

The main purpose of the California aqueduct is to

transport fresh water to areas of dense populations.

Which correctly labels the layers A, B, C, and D (from Earth moving upward) correctly?

troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere

Which of the following occurs when a mass ofair become less dense and rises in theatmosphere?

It becomes cooler and pressure decreases

shows 4 regions of the ocean bottom. which list are regions in order from least to most steep

abyssal plain - shelf - rise - slope

Landslides in California are caused by

steep topography & unstable soils

Scientists determine the composition and temperature of stars

by analyzing the spectra of the light that stars emit.

Which of the following best describes the process of upwelling?

Surface water moves offshore replaced by colder rising water

Earthquakes occur along the San Andreas Fault because

the plates slide past each other

Which of the following is true of hurricanes?

The rising of warm, moist air provides energy for the storm

What can parallax be used to calculate?

the distance to stars that are extremely far away

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EOC Final Exam Review 2022

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Earth Science

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Questions 97

Answers

1
Using the diagram below, which area of the country is experiencing the most acidic rain?
West Coast
Northeast
Southeast
Northwest
2
Which process(es) drive the rock cycle?
erosion
pressure
all the above
heat
3
A characteristic of lava that determines the force of volcanic eruption is
density.
color
age.
viscosity
4
Scientific evidence suggests that helium is formed by stars during
convection inside sunspots.
photosynthesis.
fission of carbon atoms.
nuclear fusion.
5
Venus thick cloud cover increases the temperature because the clouds
prevent the escape of heat into space
absorb short light wavelengths, leaving heat.
convert solar radiation into heat.
produce heat as they are pushed by strong winds.
6
What forms on the ocean floor in a subduction zone?
Lithosphere
Mantle
Hot spot
Trench
7
What is the driving force that causes winds and ocean currents to curve?
convection cells
density
salt concentration
Coriolis effect.
8
Which energy sources is most likely to be abundant in Ca due to its position plate boundary?
solar
nuclear
geothermal
wind
9
Which layer of the atmosphere contains most of the atmosphere’s ozone?
thermosphere
troposphere
mesosphere
stratosphere
10
Half-life is time it takes for half a sample to decay What is the half-life of the substance?
9 hours
6 hours
0 hours
3 hours
11
The following describes which subatomic particle?
quark
proton
electron
neutron
12
Which of these elements forms an ionic bond with lithium?
calcium
fluorine
neon
potassium
13
When cool air at the surface of Earth is found under a layer of warmer air above it
an upwelling.
the Coriolis Effect
a temperature inversion
the Greenhouse Effect
14
Astronomers discovered difference in stars through observations Theory to explain is
the distances between stars is so great.
Earth’s atmosphere distorts our view of the stars
there is too much light pollution on earth to study stars.
stars are at different points in their life cycles
15
Using the table below, a person will weigh the most near the surface of which planet?
Venus
Mars
Jupiter
Neptune
16
About 99% of all matter contained in our solar system exists in
the sun
planets.
asteroids
space.
17
scientists hypothesize earth impacted by __ based on rock evidence found in Yucatan Peninsula.
comet
satellite
meteorite
asteroid
18
Which of the following factos affects the density of ocean water?
salinity and temperature
temperature and light
organic substances and salinity
dissolved solids and light
19
what geological feature explains the formation of the Hawaiian island chain?
transform boundary
mid-ocean ridge
hot spots
caldera
20
How many valence electrons are found in the outer most shell of Calcium?
1
8
2
7
21
Water vapor turns to liquid water when energy is _______ from the atmosphere
doubled
added
removed
destroyed
22
How many milliliters are in 46.5 liters?
46,500 ml
0.465 ml
0.0465 ml
4,650 ml
23
The least dense planet in the solar system is
Uranus.
Jupiter
Neptune.
Saturn.
24
The main purpose of the California aqueduct is to
provide abundant ocean water to drier regions of California.
transport fresh water to areas of dense populations.
move floodwater from populated areas to lesspopulated areas
allow water routes for transporting commercial products
25
The youngest ocean rocks are typically located near what feature?
An abyssal plain
Mid-ocean ridge
A continental shelf
A deep sea trench
26
Which correctly labels the layers A, B, C, and D (from Earth moving upward) correctly?
troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere
troposphere, mesosphere, thermosphere, stratosphere
thermosphere, mesosphere, stratosphere, troposphere
mesosphere, troposphere, thermosphere, stratosphere
27
Which of the following occurs when a mass ofair become less dense and rises in theatmosphere?
It becomes cooler and pressure decreases
It becomes cooler and pressure increases
It becomes wamer and presure increases
It becomes warmer and the pressure decreases
28
This describes how closely the atoms are packed and is measured by the minerals mass and volume
density
hardness
cleavage
fracture
29
According to the graph, which month receives the most precipitation for City A?
October
July
August
January
30
What is located in an outer edge of the Milky Way Galaxy?
Our solar system
A quasar
A black hole
Polaris
31
The point on the earth’s surface directly above the focus is called the ...
fault.
seismic waves.
epicenter
magnitude
32
shows 4 regions of the ocean bottom. which list are regions in order from least to most steep
rise - abyssal plain - shelf - slope
abyssal plain - shelf - rise - slope
shelf - abyssal plain - rise - slope
slope - rise - shelf - abyssal plain
33
Carbon is found in the _ period and the __ family/group on the periodic table
13th, 3rd
2nd, 14th
3rd, 13th
14th, 2nd
34
What elements make up most of the sun’s mass?
helium and nitrogen
hydrogen and helium
carbon and oxygen
carbon and hydrogen
35
Landslides in California are caused by
crust folding & artesian springs
steep topography & unstable soils
sink holes & poor drainage
reverse faulting & water tables
36
Scientists determine the composition and temperature of stars
by analyzing the vibrations that stars emit
through magnetic testing
by sampling matter on the surface of stars
by analyzing the spectra of the light that stars emit.
37
What are two main factors that affect the climate of a region?
air masses and temperature
elevation and relative humidity
temperature and precipitation
latitude and cloud formation
38
Which of the following best describes the process of upwelling?
Surface water moves offshore replaced by warm offshore water
Surface water moves offshore replaced by colder rising water
Surface water moves offshore replaced by cold onshore water
Deep cold currents mix with warmer surface currents.
39
Earthquakes occur along the San Andreas Fault because
one of the plates subducts under the other plate
the plates slide past each other
one plate is denser than the other plate
the plates are spreading
40
Which waves reach the seismograph first?
P waves
Rayleigh waves
S waves
Love waves
41
type of volcano that has broad sides, large, and calm eruptions.
Cinder cone
Shield volcano
Composite volcano
Plug dome
42
Which of the following is true of hurricanes?
Hurricanes increase in strength as they pass over dry land.
The rising of warm, moist air provides energy for the storm
The eye of hurricane is the most dangerous part of the storm
Sinking cold air in the eye causes the hurricane to weaken
43
A rotating cloud of gas and dust from which Earth’s solar system formed is called a(n)
supernova
solar eclipse.
solar nebula.
astronomical explosion.
44
Energy produced in the sun’s core is the result of
nuclear fusion
nuclear division.
nuclear fissure.
nuclear fission.
45
The Richter scale measures which of the following earthquake characteristics?
probability
magnitude
frequency
intensity
46
What is miminum number of seismograph stations required to locate epicenter of an earthquake
1
3
4
2
47
What is a large scale group of stars, gas, and dust bound together by gravity?
A galaxy
A universe
A solar system
A black hole
48
Which of the following is NOT true of all the inner planets?
They have impact craters
They lack rings
They are made of solid rock.
They are called gas giants
49
What are the two most abundant elements in theEarth’s crust?
halite and muscovite
silicon and oxygen
sulfur and hematite
halite and sodium
50
Which of the following is NOT true of a mineral?
It has a definite chemical composition
It is solid
It is made of living things
It’s inorganic
51
What can parallax be used to calculate?
the distance to a star within 1,000 light-years of Earth
composition of stars based on the spectra of their starlight
the distance to stars that are extremely far away
temp on the surface of star within 1,000 light-yrs of Earth
52
early atmosphere developed when many volcanic eruptions released gases in a process called
combustion.
outgassing.
lava flow.
ozone.
53
Which letters in the drawing below correspond to the trade winds?
A and B
B and E
B and C
C and D
54
If a substance has the following characteristics, it would be classified as
an ionic bond.
neutral.
a base.
an acid.
55
The energy that drives most air and ocean currents originates
in the atmosphere.
in the sun
at the North Pole.
deep in the oceans.
56
What makes up most of the visible mass of the universe?
Black holes
Supernovas
Galaxies
Dark energy
57
What evidence led geologists to hypothesis that the Earth’s core is solid?
Drilling to the core
Monitoring seismic waves
Plate movements
Fossil evidence
58
According to the graph, what is the freezing point of water?
60C
32C
100C
0C
59
What happens to the solar radiation that is NOT absorbed on Earth?
The energy is reflected back into space.
The energy is converted by photosynthesis.
The energy is destroyed
The energy is absorbed by plants and animals
60
Which of the following instruments measures air pressure?
wind vane
thermometer
barometer
Doppler radar
61
The jet streams are
located in the doldrums
prevailing winds that blow east to west.
warm seasonal winds.
narrow bands of high-speed winds
62
planet Mercury and our moon contain some very large craters that are most likely the result of
asteroid impacts
nuclear explosions
giant lava flows
erosion
63
The zone of frequent earthquakes and volcanoes surrounding the Pacific Ocean is called...
Ring of Fire
Ring of Fury
Ring of Tremors
Ring of Volcanoes
64
Which of the following is a balanced chemical equation?
3 Na + 2 Cl2 --> 4 NaCl
4 Al + O2 --> 2 Al2O3
N2 + H2 --> NH
2 H2 + O2 --> 2 H2O
65
What causes the constellations visible from Earth to change throughout the year?
the tilt of Earth’s axis
Earth’s rotation on its axis
Earth’s revolution around the sun.
the movement of stars
66
The ozone layer
is made up of nitrogen compounds
is found in the thermosphere
absorbs damaging ultraviolet radiation from the sun.
blocks 100% of the sun’s visible radiation
67
The highest elevation on this topographic map can be no more than about
45 meters
34 meters.
49 meters
25 meters.
68
Most of the oxygen in the atmosphere of Earth came about because
water in the atmosphere decomposed and released oxygen.
bacteria/ green plants release oxygen during photosynthesis
oxygen was released by volcanic eruptions.
deep water vents release oxygen
69
people had idea that planets were closer to Earth than stars. Which contributed to this?
The planets appeared to move much more quickly than stars.
The planets were the only objects with visible moons
The stars were consistently brighter than the planets.
The Milky Way was sometimes visible during the day.
70
Convert 90 Kelvin into the correct temperature on the Celsius scale.
-183 degrees Celsius
0 degrees Celsius
-244 degrees Celsius
82 degrees Celsius
71
no Earth rocks are 4 billion years old. Caused by
difficult to date so precisely
destroyed by solar radiation
subject to extensive erosion
blasted away during earth’s formation
72
the continents of the earth were one large continent and moved to current positions is called:
Plate Tectonics
Volcanism
Continental Drift
The Fit of the Continents
73
A rift valley is evidence of which kind of plate boundary?
convergent
transform
divergent
uniform
74
Which of the following is NOT a tectonic setting where volcanoes form?
Subduction zones
Mid-ocean ridges
Boundaries of tectonic plates
Glacier-formed lakes
75
The most destructive waves in the oceans are caused by
tornado
hurricanes
earthquakes.
changing tides
76
Mars has evidence of past flowing water as indicated by
volcanoes.
impact craters
glaciers.
river channels
77
The most massive stars are thought to end their life cycle as a
black hole
neutron star.
black dwarf.
white dwarf.
78
What is the approximate horizontal distance from A to the deepest part of the ocean?
3660 km
4500 km
5500 km
4000 km
79
During periods of increased global temperatures, which is MOST likely to occur?
an increase in atmospheric CO2
a decrease in atmospheric CO2
an increase in recycling
a decrease in combustion of fossil fuels
80
From Earth’s atmosphere, CO2 is used by plants, algae, and cyanobacteria during the process of
decomposition
nitrogen fixation
photosynthesis
respiration
81
The H-R Diagram below compares what two characteristics of stars:
apparent magnitude & size
composition & color
luminosity & temperature
luminosity & composition
82
How many neutrons are found in fluorine?
10
19
9
28
83
What type of plate boundary is shown in the diagram below?
hot spot
transform
convergent
divergent
84
Which industry has the greatest water requirements on California’s fresh water supply?
agriculture
technology
tourism
manufacturing
85
The Milky Way galaxy is described as
an elliptical galaxy.
a lenticular galaxy.
an irregular galaxy.
a spiral galaxy.
86
Most of the fresh water in California comes from
desalinization plants
rivers.
geothermal springs.
rain and snow melt.
87
The diameter of the Milky Way Galaxy is 100,000
years
astronomical units
light-years
kilometers
88
Which of the following best describes a Marine West Coast Climate?
low annual temperature range, minimal rain, cold winters
large annual temperature range, rainy summers, cold winters
low annual temperature range, dry summers, mild winters
low annual temperature range, frequent rain, mild winters
89
What phenomena is created when charged particles from solar wind hit magnetic field of earth?
Ozone layer
Aurora Borealis
Global warming
Acid rain
90
What causes one plate to “sink” underneath another plate?
The age of the rocks in the plate.
The temperature of the plates.
The salinity of the surrounding ocean.
The density of the plates.
91
The deepest parts of the oceans are found
on the abyssal plain
surrounded by seamounts.
in trenches
on the continental shelf
92
At which location on the map would a rain forest most likely be found?
1
3
2
4
93
In order to melt ice, heat energy must be
not involved
created.
removed
added.
94
The sun is currently a main-sequence star; what do scientists predict will be its NEXT phase?
supernova
black hole
red supergiant
red giant
95
which would be least likely to indicate that another volcanic eruption will soon occur?
Changes in gas emissions from the volcano.
Uplifting the dome
Recurring earthquakes in the vicinity.
Decreases in precipitation in the area.
96
Estimate the volume of the liquid in the cylinder
53 ml
50.4 ml
50.3 ml
54 ml
97
What causes the Coriolis effect?
heat and electromagnetic radiation from solar energy.
large convection of ocean currents and the atmosphere.
the rotation of Earth on its axis.
the interaction of ocean currents and the atmosphere.

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