Earth and Space Science Chapter 18 Quiz Review

Question 1

Crater Lake in southern Oregon is not a crater but actually a ___.

Accepted Answer

caldera

Question 2

Tall, cone-shaped volcanoes with layers of lava and ash; built by violent eruptions

Accepted Answer

composite

Question 3

Molten mixture of rock-forming substances, gases and water from the mantle

Accepted Answer

magma

Question 4

Steep-sided, generally small volcano that is built by accumulation of tephra around the vent

Accepted Answer

cinder cone

Question 5

The physical property that describes a material’s resistance to flow

Accepted Answer

viscosity

Question 6

The erupted materials that volcanoes throw into the air

Accepted Answer

tephra

Question 7

Broad, gently sloping volcanoes with quiet eruptions are called

Accepted Answer

shield volcanoes

Question 8

Where would the most active volcano be located on this diagram?

Accepted Answer

Hawaii

Question 9

A bowl-shaped depression that forms around the vent of a volcano is a

Accepted Answer

crater

Question 10

Hot regions of Earth’s mantle where high-temperature plumes of magma rise to the surface

Accepted Answer

hot spot

Question 11

According to the diagram, which Hawaiian Island is the oldest?

Accepted Answer

Kauai

Question 12

When magma reaches Earth’s surface, it is called

Accepted Answer

lava

Question 13

Describes all the processes associated with the discharge of magma, hot fluids, ash, and gases

Accepted Answer

volcanism

Question 14

Formed when magma forces itself across rock layers and hardens

Accepted Answer

dike

Question 15

___ forms where plates move apart.

Accepted Answer

divergent volcanism

Question 16

Formed when magma squeezes between horizontal layers of rock

Accepted Answer

sill

Questions 16